Notes in Neuronal Injury

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	09/30/2024	sample {{c1::neuronal}}
Published	09/30/2024	Following axon injury, {{c1::retraction}}, {{c2::inflammation}}, and {{c3::degeneration}} occur
Published	09/30/2024	Any part of a neuron that is detached from undergoes {{c1::degeneration}}, which is cleaned up via {{c2::phagocytosis}}
Published	09/30/2024	{{c1::Wallerian (anterograde)}} degeneration occurs {{c2::distal}} to the axonal injury
Published	09/30/2024	Wallerian degeneration begins {{c1::2-3}} days after injury
Published	09/30/2024	During Wallerian degeneration, {{c1::Schwann cells}} close to the injury site are activated and undergo {{c2::de-differentiation}} while {{c3::down}}-…
Published	09/30/2024	By day {{c1::3}} of Wallerian degeneration, {{c2::macrophages}} infiltrate the distal nerve stump to remove myelin debris
Published	09/30/2024	By day {{c1::7}} of Wallerian degeneration, {{c2::Schwanna cells}} undergo {{c3::mitosis}} and also {{c4::phagocytosis}} of cellular/myelin debris
Published	09/30/2024	By day {{c1::25-30}} of Wallerian degeneration, axonal debris is cleared up
Published	09/30/2024	{{c1::Bands of Bungner}} are formed by {{c2::Schwann cells}} that surround the {{c3::endoneurium}} layer of the damaged neuron
Published	09/30/2024	{{c1::Bands of Bungner}} guide and support axons regenerated from the {{c2::proximal}} nerve stump as they grow towards the {{c2::distal}} stump
Published	09/30/2024	{{c1::Wallerian}} regeneration is also called {{c2::secondary}} regeneration
Published	09/30/2024	{{c1::Retrograde}} regeneration is also called {{c2::primary}} regeneration
Published	09/30/2024	{{c1::Retrograde}} degeneration occurs {{c2::proximal}} to the site of neuron injury
Published	09/30/2024	Retrograde degeneration only occurs as far as the next proximal {{c1::Node of Ranvier}}
Published	09/30/2024	{{c1::Chromatolysis}} includes {{c2::swelling}} of the cell body, dispersion of {{c3::Nissl substance}}, and movement of the {{c4::nucleus}} toward th…
Published	09/30/2024	Axonal regeneration can occur within {{c1::24 hours}} of injury
Published	09/30/2024	If regenerated axons (aka {{c1::neurites}}) make distal connections, then maturation occurs with increases in {{c2::myelin}} and {{c2::axon thickness}…
Published	09/30/2024	Neuronal regeneration cannot occur beyond a width of {{c1::2}}mm
Published	09/30/2024	If {{c1::perineurium::neuronal layer}} is not disrupted, then regenerated axons will continue growing at a rate of {{c2::1-3 mm}} per day
Published	09/30/2024	If {{c1::perineurium}} is disrupted, {{c3::Schwann cells}} and {{c3::fibroblasts}} secrete neurotrophic factors, i.e. {{c2::nerve growth factor (NFG)}…
Published	09/30/2024	Neuronal regeneration capacity declines with {{c1::time}} and {{c1::distance}}
Published	09/30/2024	A {{c1::growth cone}} at the end of a regenerating axon moves and pulls the neurite with it
Published	09/30/2024	Functional recovery of a neuron is more likely if the lesion doesn't fuck up the {{c1::perineurium}} and {{c1::epineurium}} layers
Published	09/30/2024	Surgical repair of a neuron is better if the {{c1::fascicles}} proximal and distal to the lesion are correctly aligned
Published	09/30/2024	A {{c1::motor unit}} is a single {{c2::motor neuron}} with all the {{c2::muscle fibers}} that it innervates
Published	09/30/2024	{{c1::Fine}} motor control is accomplished with {{c2::many}} motor neurons with {{c2::few}} muscle fibers
Published	09/30/2024	{{c1::Gross}} motor control is accomplished with {{c2::few}} motor neurons and {{c2::many}} muscle fibers
Published	09/30/2024	{{c1::Fine}} motor control is typically lost/reduced after regeneration because the new neuron must still branch extensively to reach all the {{c2::mu…
Published	09/30/2024	{{c1::Osmium tetroxide}} stains {{c2::myelin}} dark
Published	09/30/2024	Regenerated axons are generally {{c1::smaller}} in diameter and {{c2::more}} numerous
Published	09/30/2024	Degeneration of myelin from {{c1::oligodendrocytes}} takes much longer than that from {{c1::Schwann cells}} due to expression of different myelin gene…
Published	09/30/2024	Degeneration of myelin made from {{c1::oligodendrocytes}} stimulates proliferation of {{c2::astrocytes}} that form a {{c3::glial scar}} and make it ha…
Published	09/30/2024	Do CNS neurons upregulate regeneration associated genes? {{c1::nah, this makes it even harder for neuronal CNS to be repaired}}
Published	09/30/2024	Are endo-, peri-, and epineurial sheaths present in the CNS? {{c1::NO}}
Published	09/30/2024	{{c1::Wallerian}} degeneration is not as robust and takes longer in the {{c2::central}} nervous system
Published	09/30/2024	Oligodendrocytes do not {{c1::de-differentiate}} or form {{c2::Bands of Bungner}}, making CNS neuronal repair even more difficult
Published	09/30/2024	Oligodendrocyte-derived myelin-associated inhibitor genes include {{c1::Nogo}}, {{c2::myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG)}}, and {{c3::oligodendrocyt…
Status	Last Update	Fields