Notes in Treatment of Psych Disorders

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Published	05/14/2024	{{c1::Typical antipsychotics}} are characterized by their {{c2::potent antagonism (blocking)}} at the {{c3::dopamine type 2 receptor (D2)}}
Published	05/14/2024	Blocking the D2 receptor in the {{c1::mesolimbic pathway}} decreases neurotransmission in the pathway and reduces {{c2::positive symptoms including ha…
Published	05/14/2024	Antipsychotic medications are {{c1::not specific}} in terms of location of receptors blocked.
Published	05/14/2024	{{c2::The mesolimbic pathway}} is the therapeutic target of {{c1::D2 blockade}}
Published	05/14/2024	The blockade in the mesolimbic pathway additionally blocks the {{c1::reward and pleasure functions}} of the pathway
Published	05/14/2024	Potent D2 blockade in the {{c1::nigrostriatal tract}} results in {{c2::extrapyramidal side effects (EPS)}} such as {{c3::Parkinsonian symptoms, Dyston…
Published	05/14/2024	Dopamine normally suppresses {{c1::acetylcholine activity}} in the nigrostriatal pathway. When dopamine is blocked by an antipsychotic, ACH becomes ov…
Published	05/14/2024	EPS is treated with {{c2::anticholinergic medications}} such as {{c1::diphenhydramine}} or {{c1::benztropine.}}
Published	05/14/2024	Long term blockade of D2 receptors in the nigrostriatal pathway possibly increases the {{c1::sensitivity or number of dopamine receptors}}, mechanism …
Published	05/14/2024	Long term D2 blockade can result in {{c1::tardive dyskinesia (TD)}} a movement disorder characterized by {{c2::involuntary tongue and facial movements…
Published	05/14/2024	Dopamine blockade in the {{c1::tuberoinfundibular tract}} increases plasma {{c2::prolactin levels}} causing {{c3::Galactorrhea, Amenorrhea, Infertilit…
Published	05/14/2024	{{c1::Histamine blockade}} causes {{c2::weight gain and drowsiness}}
Published	05/14/2024	{{c1::a-1 adrenergic blockade}} causes {{c2::orthostatic hypotension}}
Published	05/14/2024	{{c1::NMS}} is a rare, idiosyncratic reaction usually to {{c2::typical antipsychotics}} presenting with {{c3::High fever, Muscle rigidity and Con…
Published	05/14/2024	Some mechanism differences that make an antipsychotic atypical:  {{c1::Shorter binding time at D2 receptors}} and {{c1::5HT2A antagonism}}
Published	05/14/2024	{{c1::Serotonin neurons}} innervate dopamine neurons. Dopamine neurons have {{c2::5HT2A receptors}}. When serotonin is released. binding at the 5HT2A …
Published	05/14/2024	Atypical antipsychotics are {{c1::5HT2A antagonists}} and thus block the receptors against the action of the serotonin neurons.
Published	05/14/2024	With {{c1::5H2TA Antagonism}}, Dopamine neurons are {{c1::no longer inhibited}} and thus release more dopamine in certain areas of the brain
Published	05/14/2024	Increased availability of dopamine in such areas of the striatum allows for more competition between d{{c2::opamine and the atypical antipsychotics D2…
Published	05/14/2024	{{c1::Shorter binding periods}} of atypical antipsychotics may explain why atypicals are associated with {{c2::less sensitizing of striatal dopamine r…
Published	05/14/2024	Atypicals are thought to reduce {{c1::negative symptoms}} and increase {{c2::prefrontal cortex dopamine}} by the same mechanism as in the striatum hel…
Published	05/14/2024	{{c1::Atypicals}} found to increase several risk factors for cardiac and metabolic disease
Published	05/14/2024	{{c3::Weight gain}} is probably mediated through both {{c2::histamine blockade}} and through actions of {{c1::serotonin systems (5HT2C)}}
Published	05/14/2024	Main side effect of clozapine
Published	05/14/2024	Clozapine clinical pearls and usage
Published	05/14/2024	Risperidone clinical pearls and usage
Published	05/14/2024	Seroquel (quetiapine) clinical pearls
Published	05/14/2024	ARIPIPRAZOLE clinical pearls
Published	05/14/2024	Most risky to least risky anti-psych ranking
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