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Published	12/28/2023	What is the difference between hypospadias and epispadias (location, embryological etiology)? What is epispadius associated with?
Published	12/28/2023	What serotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis cause lymphogranuloma venereum? What is lymphogranuloma venereum?
Published	12/28/2023	What are 3 precursor lesions for squamous cell carcinoma of the penis?
Published	12/28/2023	What pathogens cause orchitis in young adults, older adults, and teens?
Published	12/28/2023	What vein can renal cell carcinoma invade leading to a "bag of worms" appearance of the scrotum? What is the "bag of worms"?
Published	12/28/2023	In a hydrocele, in which layer of the scrotum does fluid collect?
Published	12/28/2023	Describe a seminoma? Does it respond to radiotherapy?
Published	12/28/2023	If there is ↑ AFP or β-hCG and a testicular mass, what might you suspect? What can chemotherapy do to this type of mass?
Published	12/28/2023	What is the most common testicular tumor in children?
Published	12/28/2023	A male has a choriocarcinoma and presents with both gynecomastia and hyperthyroidism. Why is he presenting with these issues?
Published	12/28/2023	Are teratomas in males malignant? What can they secrete?
Published	12/28/2023	If a man presents with a testicular mass that has Reinke crystals on histology what tumor is it? What can this tumor produce, and what secondary effec…
Published	12/28/2023	What is the most likely cause of a 75 year old man's bilateral testicular mass?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the most common pathogens in acute prostatitis in young adults vs older adults? How does the prostate present?
Published	12/28/2023	What is the hormone that drives BPH?
Published	12/28/2023	Where is the most common location of prostate adenocarcinoma?
Published	12/28/2023	What is the characteristic look of the cells in prostate adenocarcinoma?
Published	12/28/2023	What drugs can be used to reduce testosterone conversion to DHT?
Published	12/28/2023	What is depicted in the histology slide below?
Published	12/28/2023	What is testicular torsion? What is the usual predisposing factor? Who does it present in and how?
Published	12/28/2023	What is a varicocele? How does it present? What malignancy is associated?
Published	12/28/2023	What is a hydrocele? What are the two distinct pathophysiologic causes for children and adults? Can it be transilluminated?
Published	12/28/2023	What does this histology specimen depict?
Published	12/28/2023	What kind of pathology is this gross speciment typical of?
Published	12/28/2023	What malignancy is depicted?
Published	12/28/2023	What is the most common testicular tumor in children? What biomarker is elevated? What histological feature may be present?
Published	12/28/2023	Choriocarcinoma mimics placental tissue. What differentiates it from the placenta?
Published	12/28/2023	What malignancy is depicted below? What two cell types are identifiable?
Published	12/28/2023	Identify the Sertoli and the Leydig cells in this normal histological specimen of the sex-chord stroma:
Published	12/28/2023	What can be seen in this histopathological specimen?
Published	12/28/2023	What is apparent in this histology specimen taken from the prostate?
Published	12/28/2023	What drugs can be used in the treatment of prostate adenocarcinoma?
Published	12/28/2023	What are condyloma acuminatum?
Published	12/28/2023	Perianal involvement of lymphogranuloma venereum can lead to what complication?
Published	12/28/2023	What are two risk factors for the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the penis?
Published	12/28/2023	What is cryptorchidism?
Published	12/28/2023	What are three complications of cryptorchidism?
Published	12/28/2023	Granulomas involving the seminiferous tubules are characteristic of what type of orchitis?
Published	12/28/2023	How can testicular tumors be differentiated from hydrocele?
Published	12/28/2023	From what two general lineages can testicular tumors arise from? Which is more common?
Published	12/28/2023	Why would you biopsy a testicular tumor?
Published	12/28/2023	How are testicular tumors typically removed?
Published	12/28/2023	What pathology is evident in this gross speciment of the testicle?
Published	12/28/2023	What is the common age of presentation of a testicular germ cell tumor?
Published	12/28/2023	What are two risk factors for developing a testicular germ cell tumor?
Published	12/28/2023	How are testicular germ cell tumors first characterized? How is the natural history of disease caused by each different?
Published	12/28/2023	A seminoma is the counterpart of which female genital tract malignancy?
Published	12/28/2023	How can seminoma and embryonal carcinoma be grossly distinguished?
Published	12/28/2023	What kind of serum markers can seminomas have?
Published	12/28/2023	What complication can chemotherapy induce in an embryonal carcinoma?
Published	12/28/2023	What biomarker is always present in a yolk sac tumor?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the 5 non-seminoma germ cell tumors?
Published	12/28/2023	How are teratomas different in males vs. females?
Published	12/28/2023	How is the prognosis of a mixed germ cell tumor determined?
Published	12/28/2023	How do sertoli cell tumors (*different from leydig-sertoli tumors) clinically manifest in men?
Published	12/28/2023	Does the prostate sit anterior or posterior to the rectum?
Published	12/28/2023	What does the prostate make?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the 3 clinical signs of acute prostatitis?
Published	12/28/2023	How does chronic prostatitis present?
Published	12/28/2023	What is benign prosthatic hyperplasia and when does it typically present?
Published	12/28/2023	Where in the prostate does BPH occur?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the 6 clinical features of BPH?
Published	12/28/2023	How are terazosin and tamsulosin used to treat BPH? How are these two drugs different?
Published	12/28/2023	How do 5α-reductase inhibitors factor into the treatment of BPH?
Published	12/28/2023	3 risk factors for developing prostate adenocarcinoma?
Published	12/28/2023	How is PSA used to screen for prostate cancer?
Published	12/28/2023	Describe the Gleason grading system for prostate adenocarcinoma:
Published	12/28/2023	How do prostate cancer mets present (discuss biomarkers as well)?
Published	12/28/2023	How are localized vs. diffuse prostatic cancers treated?
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