Notes in Guerrero L02 Parenteral Administration

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Published	10/12/2023	Parenteral Definition (Slide 3)Derived from Latin term “Para Enteron”Other than by means of {{c1::intestines}}“A sterile preparation of drugs for {{c1…
Published	10/12/2023	Routes of Parenteral Administration (Slide 5)Injection{{c1::Intravenous}} (IV){{c1::Intramuscular}} (IM){{c1::Subcutaneous}} (SQ, SC){{c1::Intradermal…
Published	10/12/2023	Routes of Parenteral Administration (Slide 7)(Route, Needle Gauge, Needle Length)Intravenous{{c1::16-20}}{{c2::1-1.5}} inchesIntramuscular{{c1::19-22}…
Published	10/12/2023	Gauge (Slide 8)Measurement of the {{c1::diameter}} of the needleThe {{c1::larger}} the gauge number, the {{c1::smaller}} the diameter of the needle.
Published	10/12/2023	Parenteral Routes (Slide 10)Subcutaneous (SQ, SC)Injection into subcutaneous fat tissueVolume: {{c1::1 ml or less}}Absorption: {{c1::slow}}solutions {…
Published	10/12/2023	Subcutaneous Injection Sites (Slide 11){{c1::Central (lower) abdomen}}{{c1::Posterolateral}} aspect of upper {{c1::arms}}Anterior {{c1::thigh}}{{c1::S…
Published	10/12/2023	Parenteral Routes (Slide 12)IntradermalInjection just below the skin between the {{c1::epidermis}} and {{c1::dermis}}Volume: {{c1::0.2}} ml or lessAbs…
Published	10/12/2023	Parenteral Routes (Slide 13)Intramuscular (IM)Injection into muscle massVolume:Deltoid max: {{c1::2}} mlsButtocks (Ventrogluteal Muscle) max: {{c1::5}…
Published	10/12/2023	Intramuscular Injection Sites (Slide 14){{c1::Deltoid}} Muscle{{c1::Ventrogluteal}} Muscle ({{c1::upper outer buttock}}){{c1::Vastus Lateralis}} …
Published	10/12/2023	Parenteral Routes (Slide 15)Intravenous (IV)Injection into a veinVolume: {{c1::unrestricted}} except for {{c1::maximum recommended fluid intake}} per …
Published	10/12/2023	Intravenous Administration (Slide 16)IV Bolus/IV Push{{c1::1-10}} mL given IV over a {{c1::few seconds}} to {{c1::minutes}}{{c1::Immediate}}…
Published	10/12/2023	Piggyback (Slide 18)Commonly used for {{c1::antibiotic administration}}Used to administer {{c1::intermittent}} IV medications{{c1::Small}} volume solu…
Published	10/12/2023	Intravenous Administration (Slide 20)Continuous Infusion{{c1::Large}} volume parenteral, up to {{c1::1000}} ml, {{c1::slowly}} and {{c1::continuously}…
Published	10/12/2023	Reasons For Using Parenteral Route (Slide 21)Patient is “NPO ({{c1::nothing per oral/by mouth}})” {{c1::Unconscious, nauseated, vomiting, impaired or …
Published	10/12/2023	Reasons For Using Parenteral Route (Slide 22)Faster {{c1::onset}} of medicationTo achieve {{c1::higher blood levels}} of medicationsTo achie…
Published	10/12/2023	Disadvantages of Parenteral Administration (Slide 23){{c1::Inconvenient}}Requires {{c1::proper technique}} and {{c1::trained personnel}} for administr…
Published	10/12/2023	Disadvantages of Parenteral Administration, cont. (Slide 24)Cannot {{c1::reverse}} administration{{c1::Costly}}Strict requirements when {{c1::producin…
Published	10/12/2023	Complications of Parenteral Therapy (Slide 25){{c1::PhlebitisExtravasationPyrogen ReactionPenetration of Nerve}}{{c2::HematomaCollapse of VeinClotting…
Published	10/12/2023	Infusion Phlebitis (Slide 26){{c1::Inflammation}} of the {{c1::vein}} usually caused by the administration of highly {{c1::irritating}}, highly {{c1::…
Published	10/12/2023	Extravasation and Infiltration (Slide 29)ExtravasationThe {{c1::escape}} of a drug into the {{c1::extravascular}} space, either by {{c1::lea…
Published	10/12/2023	Risk Factors for IV (Slide 33){{c1::Small, fragile}} veins{{c1::Limited}} vein {{c1::availability}}Multiple {{c1::venipunctures}}Disseminated {{c1::sk…
Published	10/12/2023	Extravasation of Vesicants – Treatment (Slide 34)Stop the infusion {{c1::immediately}}Avoid {{c1::flushing}} the lineDo not {{c1::apply pressure}} to …
Published	10/12/2023	Parenteral Products (Slide 35)SolutionsFormulation with {{c1::fastest onset}}Suspensions{{c1::Delayed}} actionsDrugs that are {{c1::insoluble}} in wat…
Published	10/12/2023	Preservatives (Slide 36)Added to prevent {{c1::microbial contamination}}{{c1::Multi-dose vials}} must contain a preservativeCheck {{c1::compatibility}…
Published	10/12/2023	Preservatives (Slide 37)Must consider preservative {{c1::toxicity}} when giving {{c1::large}} amounts of fluid or when giving fluid to {{c1::infants a…
Published	10/12/2023	Preservatives Examples (Slide 38){{c1::Benzalkonium ChlorideBenzethonium ChlorideBenzyl AlcoholChlorobutanol}}{{c2::ChlorocresolCresolMetacresolP-Hydr…
Published	10/12/2023	Additives-Others (Slide 39)AntioxidantsPrevent or inhibit {{c1::oxidation}}Examples: {{c1::Ascorbic Acid}}, {{c1::Sodium Bisulfite}}, {{c1::Tocopherol…
Published	10/12/2023	Vehicles-Diluents (Slide 41)Sterile Water for Injection, USPUsed to {{c1::reconstitute dry powders}} and used as a {{c1::diluent}} for {{c1::liquid co…
Published	10/12/2023	Vehicles-Diluents (Slide 42)Sodium Chloride Injection, USPSterile {{c1::0.9}}% sodium chloride solutionContains {{c1::no antimicrobial}} agentsBacteri…
Published	10/12/2023	Common Parenteral Base Solutions (Slide 44){{c1::5}}% {{c1::Dextrose}} in {{c1::Water}} (D5/W){{c1::0.9}}% {{c1::Sodium Chloride}} (Normal Saline or N…
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