Notes in 07ECG

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	07/30/2024	4fe3171bc2444bdf8566c865c3f80047-ao-1
Published	07/30/2024	4fe3171bc2444bdf8566c865c3f80047-ao-2
Published	07/30/2024	4fe3171bc2444bdf8566c865c3f80047-ao-3
Published	07/30/2024	4fe3171bc2444bdf8566c865c3f80047-ao-4
Published	07/30/2024	4fe3171bc2444bdf8566c865c3f80047-ao-5
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::PR interval::ECG}} reflects the period for {{c2::conduction from SA node to AV node}}
Published	07/30/2024	The QT interval on ECG represents the entire period of {{c1::ventricular depolarization, contraction, and repolarization}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::QT interval}} lasts from the {{c1::start of QRS complex::start}} up to {{c1::end of T wave::end}} in ECG
Published	07/30/2024	Interval from the:{{c1::start of P wave::start}}{{c1::start of QRS complex::end}}{{c2::PR interval}}
Published	07/30/2024	Standard ECG has how many leads{{c1::12 leads}}
Published	07/30/2024	How many electrodes are there in a standard ECG{{c1::10}}
Published	07/30/2024	Enumerate {{c2::Limb}} Leads{{c1::IIIIII::bipolar}}{{c1::aVRaVLaVF::unipolar}}
Published	07/30/2024	Enumerate {{c1::precordial leads::leads}}{{c2::V1V2V3V4V5V6}}
Published	07/30/2024	PR interval should span{{c1::one "big box"}}
Published	07/30/2024	QRS complex should span{{c1::3 "small boxes"}}
Published	07/30/2024	Precordial lead reading where upward and downward waves should more or less be equal in magnitude{{c1::V3 or V4}}
Published	07/30/2024	1d670c1ba4274cc096979c40102b0894-ao-1
Published	07/30/2024	1d670c1ba4274cc096979c40102b0894-ao-2
Published	07/30/2024	1d670c1ba4274cc096979c40102b0894-ao-3
Published	07/30/2024	0777443c901d40b19bb80a742993c2bd-ao-1
Published	07/30/2024	0777443c901d40b19bb80a742993c2bd-ao-2
Published	07/30/2024	0777443c901d40b19bb80a742993c2bd-ao-3
Published	07/30/2024	T/FFast Na+ channels participate in the upstroke of pacemaker potentials{{c1::F}}
Published	07/30/2024	Depolarization/upstroke in pacemaker potentials is caused by {{c1::Ca++}} influx
Published	07/30/2024	Two types of action potentials occur in heart tissues{{c1::1. Pacemaker potentials2. Myocardial action potentials}}
Published	07/30/2024	QCSteepness of Phase 01. Fast response AP (conducting)2. Slow response AP (pacemaker){{c1::1 > 2}}
Published	07/30/2024	QCAmplitude of Phase 01. Fast response AP (conducting)2. Slow response AP (pacemaker){{c1::1 > 2}}
Published	07/30/2024	QCPlateau consistency (flatness)1. Fast response AP (conducting)2. Slow response AP (pacemaker){{c1::1 > 2}}
Published	07/30/2024	QCPlateau steepness1. Fast response AP (conducting)2. Slow response AP (pacemaker){{c1::1 < 2}}
Published	07/30/2024	QCPhase 3 steepness1. Fast response AP (conducting)2. Slow response AP (pacemaker){{c1::1 > 2}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Pacemaker}} potentials have a {{c1::less}} negative RMP than do  {{c2::myocardial}} action potentials (myocardial vs. pacemaker)
Published	07/30/2024	QCNegativity of Phase 41. Fast response AP (conducting)2. Slow response AP (pacemaker){{c1::1 > 2}}
Published	07/30/2024	Refractory period lasts {{c1::longer}} in {{c2::pacemaker}} action potentials than in {{c2::myocardial}} action potentials (pacemaker vs. myocardial)
Published	07/30/2024	Diastolic depolarization occurs in {{c1::pacemaker}} potentials
Published	07/30/2024	Phase absent in "slow response"{{c1::Phase 1}}
Published	07/30/2024	Automaticity is determined by:{{c1::1. Phase 4 slope2. TP negativity3. RMP negativity::3}}
Published	07/30/2024	As the {{c2::slope}} of phase 4 increases (pacemaker potentials), {{c1::automaticity (heart rate)}} increases
Published	07/30/2024	Increasing treshold potential negativity {{c1::increases}} automaticity
Published	07/30/2024	VR1. RMP negativity2. automaticity (pacemaker){{c1::increase in 1 → decrease in 2}}
Published	07/30/2024	The {{c1::automaticity}} of the heart is altered by {{c2::CD CaSET, OA::mnemonic}} CD - {{c3::Carbon Dioxide}} Ca - {{c4::Ca++}} S - {{c5::Sympatheti…
Published	07/30/2024	Increased carbon dioxide {{c1::increases}} automaticity
Published	07/30/2024	Increased calcium {{c1::increases}} automaticity
Published	07/30/2024	Sympathetic stimulation {{c1::increases}} automaticity
Published	07/30/2024	Increased epinephrine {{c1::increases}} the heart's automaticity
Published	07/30/2024	VR1. Temperature2. Automaticity (pacemaker){{c1::increase in 1 → increase in 2}}
Published	07/30/2024	VR1. Oxygen2. Automaticity (pacemaker){{c1::increase in 1 → decrease in 2}}
Published	07/30/2024	Acetylcholine {{c1::decreases}} the automaticity (heart rate) of the heart
Published	07/30/2024	QCAutomaticity1. SA node2. AV node3. Purkinje cellls{{c1::1 > 2 > 3}}
Published	07/30/2024	It is the ability of a heart cell to conduct an action potential from one cell to another{{c1::Conduction}}
Published	07/30/2024	Slope of interest in automaticity{{c1::P4 slope}}
Published	07/30/2024	Slope of interest in conduction velocity{{c1::Phase 0 slope}}
Published	07/30/2024	Conduction velocity is determined by:{{c1::1. Magnitude of Phase 02. RMP negativity::2}}
Published	07/30/2024	Factors that affect the {{c2::P0 slope}} (thus affect conduction velocity){{c1::SANSPANSCa++}}
Published	07/30/2024	Ischemia and hyperkalemia decreases conduction velocity by {{c1::depolarizing the RMP::doing what}}
Published	07/30/2024	Hypercalcemia increases the heart's conduction velocity by {{c1::increasing P0's amplitude::doing what to cell potential}}
Published	07/30/2024	VR1. SANS simulation2. Conduction velocity{{c1::increase in 1 → increase in 2}}
Published	07/30/2024	HypERcalcemia {{c1::increases}} the heart's conduction velocity
Published	07/30/2024	Ischemia {{c1::decreases}} the heart's conduction velocity
Published	07/30/2024	HypERkalemia {{c1::decreases}} the heart's conduction velocity
Published	07/30/2024	The heart's {{c1::conduction velocity}} is altered by {{c2::SynC-PIK}} Syn - {{c3::Sympathetic (n.) stimulation}} C - {{c4::Ca++}} P - {{c5::parasymp…
Published	07/30/2024	T/FP wave represents atrial depolarization and atrial repolarization{{c1::F}}
Published	07/30/2024	Atrial repolarization is "buried" in the {{c1::QRS complex}}
Published	07/30/2024	VR1. Conduction velocity through the AV node2. PR interval{{c1::increase in 1 → decrease in 2}}
Published	07/30/2024	ST segment reflects an {{c1::iso}}electric period when {{c2::ventricles are depolarized}}
Published	07/30/2024	T/FThe SA node has an unstable resting membrane potential{{c1::T}}
Published	07/30/2024	What's behind the automaticity of the SA node{{c1::phase 4 depolarization}}
Published	07/30/2024	Phase 0 (Upstroke) of the following is the result of the inward current of:SA node - {{c1::Ca++}}
Published	07/30/2024	Phase 4 depolarization is the result of the inward current of {{c2::Na+}}This is called {{c1::If}}
Published	07/30/2024	QCConduction velocity 1. Purkinje system2. AV node{{c1::1 > 2}}
Published	07/30/2024	Conduction velocity is the fastest in the {{c1::Purkinje system}}
Published	07/30/2024	Conduction velocity is the slowest in the {{c1::AV node}}
Published	07/30/2024	VR1. PR interval2. Ventricular filling{{c1::increase in 1 → inrease in 2}}
Published	07/30/2024	VR1. Conduction through AV node2. Ventricular filling{{c1::increase in 1 → decrease in 2}}
Published	07/30/2024	Dromotropic effect (DE) alters the PR interval in what wayPositive DE → {{c1::decreased PR interveal}}Negative DE → {{c1::increased PR interval}}
Published	07/30/2024	Phase 0 (Upstroke) of the following is the result of the inward current of:AV node - {{c1::Ca++}}
Published	07/30/2024	Phase 0 (Upstroke) of the following is the result of the inward current of:Purkinje - {{c1::Na+}}
Published	07/30/2024	Phase 0 (Upstroke) of the following is the result of the inward current of:Contracting cells - {{c1::Na+}}
Published	07/30/2024	Lead:{{c2::I}}Electrodes:{{c1::Right arm - negativeLeft arm - positive}}
Published	07/30/2024	Lead:{{c2::II}}Electrodes:{{c1::Right - negativeFoot - positive}}
Published	07/30/2024	Lead:{{c2::III}}Electrodes:{{c1::Left arm - negativeFoot - positive}}
Published	07/30/2024	Which ankle/leg ONLY serves as reference for recording purposes (no leads for this){{c1::Right leg/ankle}}
Published	07/30/2024	The electrode on the {{c2::arms and left leg}} make up the {{c1::Einthoven's triangle}}
Published	07/30/2024	Electrode:{{c1::V1}}Location:{{c2::4th ICS. right sternal margin}}
Published	07/30/2024	Electrode:{{c1::V2}}Location:{{c2::4th ICS. left sternum}}
Published	07/30/2024	Electrode:{{c1::V3}}Location:{{c2::Midway between V2 and V4}}
Published	07/30/2024	Electrode:{{c1::V4}}Location:{{c2::Left 5th ICS midclavicular line}}
Published	07/30/2024	Electrode:{{c1::V5}}Location:{{c2::Left anterior axillary line 5th ICS}}
Published	07/30/2024	Electrode:{{c1::V6}}Location:{{c2::Left mid-axillary line ICS 5}}
Published	07/30/2024	QRS complex{{c2::Left Axis Deviation::normal/deviated}}Lead 1 - {{c1::positive}}aVF - {{c1::negative}}
Published	07/30/2024	QRS complex{{c2::Normal (no deviation)::normal/deviated}}Lead 1 - {{c1::positive}}aVF - {{c1::positive}}
Published	07/30/2024	QRS complex{{c2::Right axis deviation::normal/deviated}}Lead 1 - {{c1::negative}}aVF - {{c1::positive}}
Published	07/30/2024	QRS complex{{c2::Extreme deviation::normal/deviated}}Lead 1 - {{c1::negative}}aVF - {{c1::negative}}
Published	07/30/2024	Leftward or rightward heart deviations are examining what leads?{{c1::1. Lead 12. aVF}}
Published	07/30/2024	Mnemonic/Retrieval Cues(ECG) What depolarizes {{c1::last}} repolarizes {{c1::first}}
Published	07/30/2024	SA Node → Left Atrium = left, inferior, posterior (LIP)Left Atrium → AV Node = right, horizontal, anterior (RHA)AV Node → Apex = left, inferior, anter…
Published	07/30/2024	1. 300 bpm2. 150 bpm3. 100 bpm4. 75 bpm5. 60 bpm6. 50 bpm7. 40 bpm8. 30 bpm
Published	07/30/2024	In ECG tracings, a {{c1::positive}} deflection reflects a depolarization {{c2::towards}} the "viewing" electrode
Published	07/30/2024	In ECG tracings, a {{c1::negative}} deflection reflects a depolarization {{c2::away from}} the "viewing" electrode
Published	07/30/2024	Simplifications/GeneralitiesQRS complex (or overall) of a Normal heartpositive or negativeLead I = {{c1::positive}}
Published	07/30/2024	Simplifications/GeneralitiesQRS complex (or overall) of a Normal heartpositive or negativeLead II = {{c1::positive}}
Published	07/30/2024	Simplifications/GeneralitiesQRS complex (or overall) of a Normal heartpositive or negativeLead III = {{c1::negative}}
Published	07/30/2024	Simplifications/GeneralitiesQRS complex (or overall) of a Normal heartpositive or negativeaVR = {{c1::negative}}
Published	07/30/2024	Simplifications/GeneralitiesQRS complex (or overall) of a Normal heartpositive or negativeaVL = {{c1::mostly positive}}
Published	07/30/2024	Simplifications/GeneralitiesQRS complex (or overall) of a Normal heartpositive or negativeaVF = {{c1::mostly positive}}
Published	07/30/2024	Simplifications/GeneralitiesQRS complex (or overall) of a Normal heartpositive or negativeV1 = {{c1::negative}}
Published	07/30/2024	Simplifications/GeneralitiesQRS complex (or overall) of a Normal heartpositive or negativeV2 = {{c1::negative}}
Published	07/30/2024	Simplifications/GeneralitiesQRS complex (or overall) of a Normal heartpositive or negativeV3 = {{c1::equally positive and negative}}
Published	07/30/2024	Simplifications/GeneralitiesQRS complex (or overall) of a Normal heartpositive or negativeV4 = {{c1::equally positive and negative}}
Published	07/30/2024	Simplifications/GeneralitiesQRS complex (or overall) of a Normal heartpositive or negativeV5 = {{c1::positive}}
Published	07/30/2024	Simplifications/GeneralitiesQRS complex (or overall) of a Normal heartpositive or negativeV6 = {{c1::positive}}
Published	07/30/2024	ECG tracingsone small box corresponds to: {{c1::40 msec::time}}one big box corresponds to: {{c1::200 msec::time}}
Status	Last Update	Fields