Notes in Foundations 1

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	11/02/2023	Intratest vs Intertest reliability
Published	11/02/2023	What is the Kappa co-efficient?
Published	11/02/2023	The Kappa co-efficient is the reliability co-efficient most commonly used for which type of data?
Published	11/02/2023	Levels of the Kappa co-efficient
Published	11/02/2023	What statistical information do Liklihood ratios include to generate their score? (2 answers)
Published	11/02/2023	How do liklihood ratios affect clinical decision making
Published	11/02/2023	Levels of Liklihood Ratios and their clinical utility
Published	11/02/2023	What types of outcome measures are most reliable; Self reported or Observer (clinician) based?
Published	11/02/2023	Amount of joint play available
Published	11/02/2023	4 etiological factors of joint dysfunction
Published	11/02/2023	Additional signs along with joint dysfunction that may indicate more serious pathological conditions (4 answers)
Published	11/02/2023	Characteristics of a single hypomobile segment (5 answers)
Published	11/02/2023	Characteristics of a single hypermobile segment (7 answers)
Published	11/02/2023	Other signs of hypermobility (7 answers)
Published	11/02/2023	Definition of instability (to differentiate from hypermobility)
Published	11/02/2023	Neutral zone of the spine
Published	11/02/2023	Elastic zone of the spine
Published	11/02/2023	Load-Displacement (stretch strain) curve of joints
Published	11/02/2023	How does injury or impaired stabilizing musculature affect the neutral/elastic zones?
Published	11/02/2023	What are synarthroses and how are they named?
Published	11/02/2023	Types of synarthroses (4 answers)
Published	11/02/2023	What connects a Syndesmosis?
Published	11/02/2023	What connects a Synchondrosis?
Published	11/02/2023	What connects a Synostosis?
Published	11/02/2023	What connects a Symphysis?
Published	11/02/2023	What are diarthroses?
Published	11/02/2023	Types of Diarthroses (4 answers)
Published	11/02/2023	What are Amphiarthroses?
Published	11/02/2023	What is the difference between anatomically simple vs compound synovial joints?
Published	11/02/2023	Closed pack position of the joint has what characteristics (5 answers)
Published	11/02/2023	What would we use a closed pack position for?
Published	11/02/2023	Loose packed position of a joint has what characteristics? (5 answers)
Published	11/02/2023	What would we use a loose-packed position for?
Published	11/02/2023	What is the zero position
Published	11/02/2023	Closed Pack Position- Shoulder
Published	11/02/2023	Loose Packed Position- Shoulder
Published	11/02/2023	Closed Pack Position- Ulnohumeral
Published	11/02/2023	Loose Packed Position- Ulnohumeral
Published	11/02/2023	Closed Pack Position- Radiohumeral
Published	11/02/2023	Loose Packed Position- Radiohumeral
Published	11/02/2023	Closed Pack Position- Wrist
Published	11/02/2023	Loose Packed Position- Wrist
Published	11/02/2023	Closed Pack Position- MCP 2-5
Published	11/02/2023	Loose Packed Position- MCP 2-5
Published	11/02/2023	Closed Pack Position- IPs (fingers)
Published	11/02/2023	Loose Packed Position- IPs (fingers)
Published	11/02/2023	Closed Pack Position- 1st CMC
Published	11/02/2023	Loose Packed Position- 1st CMC
Published	11/02/2023	Closed Pack Position- Hip
Published	11/02/2023	Loose Packed Position- Hip
Published	11/02/2023	Closed Pack Position- Knee
Published	11/02/2023	Loose Packed Position- Knee
Published	11/02/2023	Closed Pack Position- Ankle
Published	11/02/2023	Loose Packed Position- Ankle
Published	11/02/2023	Closed Pack Position- Tarsal Joint
Published	11/02/2023	Loose Packed Position Tarsal Joint
Published	11/02/2023	Closed Pack Position- MTP 1-5
Published	11/02/2023	Loose Packed Position- MTP 1-5
Published	11/02/2023	Closed Pack Position- Vertebrae
Published	11/02/2023	Loose Packed Position- Vertebrae
Published	11/02/2023	Capsular Pattern- Cervical/Thoracic/Lumbar Spine
Published	11/02/2023	Capsular Pattern- OA joint
Published	11/02/2023	Capsular Pattern- C1-2
Published	11/02/2023	Capsular Pattern- Glenohumeral Joint
Published	11/02/2023	Capsular Pattern- AC Joint and SC Joint
Published	11/02/2023	Capsular Pattern- Elbow
Published	11/02/2023	Capsular Pattern- Wrist
Published	11/02/2023	Capsular Pattern- 1st CMC
Published	11/02/2023	Capsular Pattern- MCP and IP
Published	11/02/2023	Capsular Pattern- Hip
Published	11/02/2023	Capsular Pattern- Knee
Published	11/02/2023	Capsular Pattern- Talocrural joint
Published	11/02/2023	Capsular Pattern- Subtalar Joint
Published	11/02/2023	8 Red Flags of Low back pain
Published	11/02/2023	8 Signs indicative of a serious pathology
Published	11/02/2023	4 factors to r/o risk of tumor as a cause of low back pain
Published	11/02/2023	Liklihood ratio for mobilization/manipulation subgroup of low back pain (5)
Published	11/02/2023	Liklihood ratio for stabilization subgroup of low back pain (5)
Published	11/02/2023	Other SYMPTOMS of hypermobile patients (6)
Published	11/02/2023	Other SIGNS of Hypermobile patients
Published	11/02/2023	4 components of collagen
Published	11/02/2023	What is collagen the principle component of? (4)
Published	11/02/2023	What other tissues is collagen found in?
Published	11/02/2023	What does collagen resist?
Published	11/02/2023	What is the shape of collagen fibers in unstretched tissues?
Published	11/02/2023	How are collegen fibers oriented?
Published	11/02/2023	What is the structural hierarchy of collagen fibers?
Published	11/02/2023	What synthesizes most of the extra cellular matrix of connective tissue?
Published	11/02/2023	What influences fibroblast activity? (3)
Published	11/02/2023	What role does ground substance play in collagen fibers? (3)
Published	11/02/2023	What 2 macro-molecular complexes make up ground substance?
Published	11/02/2023	What are proteoglycans?
Published	11/02/2023	What is Vitamin C's role in proteoglycans?
Published	11/02/2023	What connects proteoglycans together?
Published	11/02/2023	What is the role of glycoproteins?
Published	11/02/2023	Metabolic turn over rate of ground substance
Published	11/02/2023	Metabolic turn over rate of collagen fibers
Published	11/02/2023	What 4 factors affect collagen extensibility
Published	11/02/2023	How far can collagen fibers stretch before failure?
Published	11/02/2023	Toe region (stress strain curve) "A"
Published	11/02/2023	Elastic region (stress strain curve) "B"
Published	11/02/2023	Elastic limit (stress strain curve) "C"
Published	11/02/2023	Plastic region (stress strain curve) "D"
Published	11/02/2023	Ultimate stress (stress strain curve) "E"
Published	11/02/2023	Necking (stress strain curve) "F"
Published	11/02/2023	Failure point (stress strain curve) "G"
Published	11/02/2023	How is the stress strain curve affected by removal of the cellular matrix? What does this mean about load-sharing of tensile forces?
Published	11/02/2023	Effects of Immobilization of Collagen Fibers
Published	11/02/2023	Effects of Immobilization on Ground Substance
Published	11/02/2023	What are the three phases of tissue injury and repair?
Published	11/02/2023	When does the inflammation process start within the inflammatory phase of healing
Published	11/02/2023	How long does the inflammatory phase last for?
Published	11/02/2023	What cells become activated in the injured area during the inflammatory phase? What cells infiltrate the area?
Published	11/02/2023	How is the permeability of the capillaries affected during the inflammatory phase?
Published	11/02/2023	What is the result in the change of capillary permeability during the inflammatory phase?
Published	11/02/2023	When does the proliferation phase of injury start?
Published	11/02/2023	What is the change in capillaries during the proliferation phase?
Published	11/02/2023	What creates granulation tissue (proliferation phase)
Published	11/02/2023	How long does the Maturation phase last for?
Published	11/02/2023	What is occurring during the maturation phase?
Published	11/02/2023	What determines the strength of the scar? What determines the collagen fiber orientation? (maturation phase)
Published	11/02/2023	How quickly dos 50% of healing occur
Published	11/02/2023	How quickly does 80% of healing occur
Published	11/02/2023	How quickly does 100% of healing occur
Published	11/02/2023	High vs Moderate vs Low reactivity (irritability) of condition- when is pain felt relative to restriction?
Published	11/02/2023	Choice of manual technique based on reactivity (irritability) of condition
Published	11/02/2023	Factors affecting degree of contracture formation (6)
Published	11/02/2023	Factors affecting collagen remodeling (5)
Published	11/02/2023	Effects of exercise on wound healing (7)
Published	11/02/2023	Are joint capsules vascular or avascular?
Published	11/02/2023	Consequences of hard passive stretching of a joint capsule (3)
Published	11/02/2023	How does cryotherapy affect healing? (5)
Published	11/02/2023	How do compression and elevation affect healing? (2)
Published	11/02/2023	How do steroids affect healing?
Published	11/02/2023	How quickly does clot formation begin in wound healing?
Published	11/02/2023	How fast does capillary budding begin in wound healing?
Published	11/02/2023	How fast does fibroblast formation begin in wound healing?
Published	11/02/2023	How fast does wound closure of muscle/skin complete?
Published	11/02/2023	How fast does would closure of tendons/ligaments complete?
Published	11/02/2023	How long does scar tissue remain stretchable for?
Published	11/02/2023	How long does it take for scar tissue shrinkage to complete?
Published	11/02/2023	What part of your body is best to detect temperature changes in the patient's skin?
Published	11/02/2023	What could give false positives when palpating for tenderness? (2)
Published	11/02/2023	When should you perform palpation for condition as part of your clinical exam?
Published	11/02/2023	When should you perform palpation for pain/positional faults as part of your clinical exam? Why?
Published	11/02/2023	Signs to watch for when palpating skin (6)
Published	11/02/2023	Signs to watch for when palpating subcutaneous tissue (1)
Published	11/02/2023	Signs to watch for when palpating muscle (3)
Published	11/02/2023	Signs to watch for when palpating joints
Published	11/02/2023	How the temperature in the trunk generally varies
Published	11/02/2023	What might a sudden warm or cold area of skin indicate?
Published	11/02/2023	What is the greatest interest in noting temperature changes in the skin?
Published	11/02/2023	What might a sudden change in moisture over skin indicate?
Published	11/02/2023	How to perform the skin scratch test
Published	11/02/2023	How to evaluate the scratch test
Published	11/02/2023	How do mechanoreceptors protect the joint from injury? (3)
Published	11/02/2023	What is the name of type 1 mechanoreceptors?
Published	11/02/2023	Myelination of Ruffini endings
Published	11/02/2023	Conduction velocity of Ruffini endings
Published	11/02/2023	Where are Ruffini endings located?
Published	11/02/2023	What is the static discharge at rest of Ruffini endings? Why?
Published	11/02/2023	Fucntion of Ruffini endings (2)
Published	11/02/2023	At what range of the joint are Ruffini endings most active?
Published	11/02/2023	What is the name of type 2 mechanoreceptors?
Published	11/02/2023	Where are pacinian corpuscles found?
Published	11/02/2023	What is the function of pacinian corpuscles? (1)
Published	11/02/2023	During what range of movement are pacinian corpuscles not active?
Published	11/02/2023	What is the name of Type 3 mechanoreceptors?
Published	11/02/2023	Location of GTO-like endings?
Published	11/02/2023	What ligaments are GTO-like endings not found in?
Published	11/02/2023	Function of GTO-like endings? (2)
Published	11/02/2023	When do GTO-like endings discharge? (3)
Published	11/02/2023	What is the name of Type 4 Mechanoreceptors
Published	11/02/2023	Myelination of free-nerve endings
Published	11/02/2023	Conduction velocity of free-nerve endings
Published	11/02/2023	Where are free-nerve endings located? (6)
Published	11/02/2023	Where are free-nerve endings not found? (3)
Published	11/02/2023	What stimulates free-nerve endings? (6)
Published	11/02/2023	Threshold for firing of free-nerve endings
Published	11/02/2023	Do free-nerve endings adapt?
Published	11/02/2023	Factors causing mechanoreceptor death (5)
Published	11/02/2023	How do we regenerate mechanoreceptors?
Published	11/02/2023	6 things a PT should be good at
Published	11/02/2023	Steps of the Examination (14)
Published	11/02/2023	Type of Lesion: Strong and painful
Published	11/02/2023	Type of Lesion: Weak and painless
Published	11/02/2023	Type of Lesion: Weak and painful
Published	11/02/2023	Type of Lesion: Everything is painful
Published	11/02/2023	Type of Lesion: Painful on repetition
Published	11/02/2023	Type of Lesion: Strong and painfree
Published	11/02/2023	Muscle testing: 2 steps to single out a single muscle as best as possible
Published	11/02/2023	Limitations in muscle testing (3)
Published	11/02/2023	Selective tissue tensioning interpretation: AROM and PROM are equal and painful in the same direction
Published	11/02/2023	Selective tissue tensioning interpretation: AROM is >5d limited compared to passive
Published	11/02/2023	Selective tissue tensioning interpretation: AROM and PROM are painful in opposite directions
Published	11/02/2023	Normal End Feels- Cyriax (3)
Published	11/02/2023	Abnormal End Feels- Cyriax (5)
Published	11/02/2023	Abnormal Within Range Quality Feel- Paris (6)
Published	11/02/2023	Muscle Impairments (6)
Published	11/02/2023	Plumb line landmarks for postural assessment (8)
Status	Last Update	Fields