Notes in Repro Week 3

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Testicle Anatomy Under Microscope

Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	08/12/2024	Genetic variation can be achieved by mixing up genes of two individuals. This creates variability and increases adaptive capabilities
Published	08/12/2024	-Producing sperm-Producing androgens
Published	08/12/2024	They are produced in the seminiferous tubules-> They move from the seminiferous tubules to the rete testis-> They move from the rete testis to the eff…
Published	08/12/2024	Produce androgens (testosterone)
Published	08/12/2024	Contract to move sperm and fluid through seminiferous tubules
Published	08/12/2024	Support spermatogenesis
Published	08/12/2024	Form sperm
Published	08/12/2024	caput (head), corpus (body), cauda (tail)
Published	08/12/2024	6m (approx.)
Published	08/12/2024	pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia (similar to microvilli in function)
Published	08/12/2024	Smooth muscle contraction (surroudning epididymis)
Published	08/12/2024	So that when maternal and paternal genes are mixed, the new cell has the right amount of genetic material rather than being polyploid
Published	08/12/2024	64-72 days
Published	08/12/2024	spermiogenesis
Published	08/12/2024	Cap phase -> acrosome phase -> maturation phase.Golgi apparatus becomes acorsomal vesicle,acrosomal vesicle spreads over nucleus and distal centriole …
Published	08/12/2024	Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH),Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),Leutinizing homrone (LH),Testosterone,Inhibin,(Androgen-binding Protein (ABP)…
Published	08/12/2024	Source: HypothalamusRole: stimulating FSH and LH secretion from anterior pituitary
Published	08/12/2024	Source: anterior pituitary gland/adenohypophysisrole: Support Sertoli cell function to help sustain sperm formation
Published	08/12/2024	Source: anterior pituitary glandRole: Stimulates secretion of testosterone from Leydig/interstitial cells
Published	08/12/2024	Source: TestesRole: Essential for initiation of spermatogenesis,stimulates primary and secondary sex characteristics
Published	08/12/2024	Inhibits FSH to regulate sperm production around 20,000,000/mL
Published	08/12/2024	seminal vesicles,prostate,bulbourethral glands
Published	08/12/2024	-yellow viscous alkaline fluid containingfructose, ascorbic acid, coagulating enzymes &prostaglandins (enhance sperm motility/fertilization)- approx. …
Published	08/12/2024	- milky acidic fluid containing citrate, severalenzymes & prostate specific antigen (activates sperm)- up to 30% of semen volume
Published	08/12/2024	- thick clear alkaline mucus(neutralises traces of acidic urine in urethra prior to ejaculation)
Published	08/12/2024	stimulate contraction in female tract(facilitates sperm uptake)
Published	08/12/2024	enhances sperm motility
Published	08/12/2024	promote semen coagulation (help sperm stick to female reproductive tract)
Published	08/12/2024	Mixture of sperm, testicular fluid & accessory glandsecretions
Published	08/12/2024	- transport medium for sperm- provides nutrients & chemicals that protect & activate sperm- facilitate sperm movement
Published	08/12/2024	2-5ml containing 15-150 000 000 spermatozoa for each millilitre.
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