Notes in 02_Alcohol Abuse

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Published	02/10/2024	Alcohol Mortality throughout the Life Course (16-34) is due to:{{c1::accidents/trauma}}{{c1::self-harm and suicide}}{{c1::alcohol intoxication}}
Published	02/10/2024	Alcohol Mortality throughout the Life Course (34-64) is due to {{c1::Alcohol related liver disease}}
Published	02/10/2024	Alcohol Mortality throughout the Life Course (64+) is due to {{c1::Alcohol related cancers e.g. Breast, oesophagus, colon, mouth and upper aerodi…
Published	02/10/2024	Low Dosage Effects of Alcohol {{c1::Euphoria}} {{c1::Reduced anxiety}} {{c1::Relaxation}} {{c1::Sociability}}
Published	02/10/2024	High Dosage Effects of Alcohol {{c1::Intoxication}} {{c1::Impaired attention and judgement}} {{c1::Unsteadiness}} {{c1::Flushing}} {{c1::Nystagmus}} {…
Published	02/10/2024	Presentation of {{c2::Delirium Tremens}} Onset: {{c1::48-72}} hours after stopping alcohol {{c1::Profound confusion}} {{c1::Tremor}} {{c1::Seizures}} …
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Thiamine (Vitamin B1)}} Deficiency in Alcoholism Leads to {{c1::Wernicke’s Encephalopathy}} and {{c1::Korsakoff’s Psychosis}}
Published	02/10/2024	Presentation of {{c2::Wernicke’s Encephalopathy}} {{c1::Confusion}} {{c1::Gait Ataxia}} {{c1::Opthalmoplegia (paralysis of extraocular muscles; C…
Published	02/10/2024	Presentation of {{c2::Korsakoff’s Psychosis}} {{c1::Prominent impairment of recent and remote memory (retrograde and anterograde)}} {{c1::Confabulatio…
Published	02/10/2024	Order of WKS Syndrome due to Thiamine (Vitamin B1) Deficiency because of Alcoholism {{c1::Wernicke’s}} comes first then {{c1::Korsakoff’s}}{{c1::…
Published	02/10/2024	Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis involves {{c1::inflammation of the liver due to alcoholic consumption >8 units/day for a prolonged period of time}}
Published	02/10/2024	Alcoholic Ketoacidosis involves {{c1::build-up of ketones (Mostly beta-hydroxybutyrate, Acetoacetate, Acetone) secondary to high numbers of free …
Published	02/10/2024	Pathophysiology of Alcoholic Ketoacidosis {{c1::Increased lipolysis leads to a high number of free fatty acids because of increased levels of cortisol…
Published	02/10/2024	Pathophysiology of Thiamine (Vitamin B1) Deficiency in Alcoholism {{c1::Thiamine (vitamin B1) is used at multiple points as a cofactor in Krebs Cycle}…
Published	02/10/2024	Diagnosis of Alcoholism: Stages of Alcohol Usage{{c1::Acute Intoxication (High Dosage Effects)}}{{c1::Harmful Use}}{{c1::Dependence}}{{c1::Withdrawal …
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Harmful Use}} Stage of Alcoholism involves: {{c1::Pattern of use causing damage to physical or mental health.}} {{c1::Use >1 month or repeate…
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Dependence}} Stage of Alcoholism involves: {{c1::3 or more of the following for >1 month or repeatedly over 12 months}}: {{c1::Cravings/comp…
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Withdrawal State}} Stage of Alcoholism involves: {{c1::Group of symptoms of variable clustering and severity on complete/relative withdrawal of …
Published	02/10/2024	Screening Tools for Alcohol Dependence{{c1::CAGE (2 or more = likely alcohol problem)}}{{c1::AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test)}}{{c1::…
Published	02/10/2024	CAGE (2 or more = likely alcohol problem) C – {{c1::CUT DOWN? Ever thought you should?}} A – {{c1::ANNOYED? Do you get annoyed at others commenting on…
Published	02/10/2024	Diagnosis of Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis{{c1::Jaundice with Bilirubin > 80mg/dl with no other known aetiology}}
Published	02/10/2024	LFT Picture in Fatty Liver (Alcoholic Steatosis) {{c1::Subclinical hyperbilirubinaemia}} {{c1::Mild elevation of AST/ALT}} {{c1::Elevated Bilirubin}}
Published	02/10/2024	LFT Picture in Alcoholic Hepatitis {{c1::Raised MCV}} {{c1::AST/ALT ratio reversed (AST:ALT >2)}} {{c1::Markedly High GGT}} {{c1::Elevated bilirubi…
Published	02/10/2024	Combating Alcohol Withdrawal and Prevention of Delirium TremensFirst-line: {{c1::Chlordiazepoxide (Benzodiazepine)}}Others: {{c1::Benzodiazepines…
Published	02/10/2024	Prevention of {{c2::Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome}} is via {{c1::IV Vitamin B1 Thiamine (Pabrinex)}}
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Aversion/Deterrent}} Medication for Chronic Alcoholism is via {{c1::Disulfiram (Antabuse)}}
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Anti-Craving}} Medication for Chronic Alcoholism is via  {{c1::Acamprosate}} {{c1::Naltrexone}} {{c1::Nalmefene}} {{c1::Baclofen}}
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