Notes in 09MaleReproductiveTissue

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Published	07/30/2024	3 layers of the testicular capsule (also identify the most superficial and deepest layers){{c1::1. Tunica Vaginalis (superficial)2. Tunica Albuginea3.…
Published	07/30/2024	The thickest layer of the testicular capsule is the {{c1::Tunica albuginea}} and the {{c1::Tunica vasculosa}} is the thinnest
Published	07/30/2024	The Tunica {{c1::albuginea}} sends out {{c1::septa}} which divide the testes into compartments called {{c2::testicular lobules}} which are made u…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Primary spermatogonial stem cells (from PCGs)}} are the immature cells in the most {{c2::bas::bas/apic}}al layer. After puberty, they undergo {{…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Primary spermatogonium B}} -{{c2::mitosis}}-> {{c2::Primary spermatocytes}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Primary spermatocytes}} -{{c2::first meiotic division}}-> {{c2::Secondary spermatocytes}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Secondary spermatocytes}} -{{c2::second meiotic division}}-> {{c2::Spermatids}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Spermatids}} -{{c2::Spermiogenesis}}-> {{c2::Mature spermatozoa}}
Published	07/30/2024	Sertoli cells aka {{c1::sustentacular cells of Sertoli}}
Published	07/30/2024	Sertoli cells are made of {{c1::tall columnar}} cells
Published	07/30/2024	spermatogenic and maturing sperm cells adhere on the irregular surface of {{c1::sertoli}} cells
Published	07/30/2024	a sertoli cell is attached to another sertoli cell via {{c1::tight junctions}}
Published	07/30/2024	a {{c1::sertoli}} cell has {{c2::Charcot-Bottcher}} crystals
Published	07/30/2024	What cell has the following functions:○ mechanical support and protection of developing sperm cells○ release of mature sperm cells at the lumen○ phago…
Published	07/30/2024	[sertoli cell layer compartment]{{c1::adluminal}} compartment - nourished by sertoli cells{{c1::basal}} compartment - nourished by blood supply
Published	07/30/2024	[sertoli cell layer compartment]{{c1::adluminal}} compartment - others (cells that are becoming haploid){{c1::basal}} compartment - spermatogonia (dip…
Published	07/30/2024	If there is no Blood-testis Permeability Barrier, the immune cells in the blood will attack the {{c1::spermatocytes (haploid)::cell}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Leutenizing Hormone}} binds to Leydig cells to produce {{c1::testosterone}}READ EXTRA
Published	07/30/2024	testosterone and dihydrotestosterone are supplied to spermatogenic cells via {{c1::Sertoli}} cells
Published	07/30/2024	[Leydig cell features]Nucleus: {{c1::rounded}}Staining nature: {{c1::acidophilic}}ER: {{c1::well developed and smooth}}Presence of Reinke crystals: {{…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Type A spermatogonia::spermatogenic cell}} present only before pubertyREAD EXTRA
Published	07/30/2024	[Spermiogenesis]From {{c1::golgi apparatus}}, there is production of the {{c2::acrosomal vesicle}} that forms the {{c3::acrosomal cap}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Spermiogenesis]Nucleus goes to the {{c1::head}} portionCentrioles migrate {{c2::posteriorly (caudally)::direction}}, to become the {{c3::flagellum}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Spermiogenesis]The rest of the cytoplasm migrates toward the are of flagellum wherein the mitochondria becomes concentrated in the {{c1::middle piece…
Published	07/30/2024	[Part of mature spermatozoa]contains the nucleus{{c1::Head}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Part of mature spermatozoa]contains the acrosomal cap{{c1::Head}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Part of mature spermatozoa]junction connecting the head with the rest of the tail{{c1::Neck}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Part of mature spermatozoa]contains the mitochondria at the periphery, the energy supply{{c1::Middle piece}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Part of mature spermatozoa]contains axoneme{{c1::Middle piece}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Part of mature spermatozoa]axoneme is also present but the arrangement is different to allow powerstroke{{c1::Principal piece}}
Published	07/30/2024	The acrosomal cap occupies the {{c1::anterior 2/3}} of the head
Published	07/30/2024	Acrosomes contain {{c1::hyaluronidase enzyme}} needed to penetrate the corona radiata and zona pellucida of the oocytes
Published	07/30/2024	What makes up the axoneme{{c1::9 doublets with a central doublet surrounded by 9 rings (radial spokes).}}
Published	07/30/2024	After coming from the seminiferous tubules, the morphologically mature spermatozoa go towards the excretory ductal system.Sequence of travel:1. {{c1::…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Tubuli recti}}: lined by {{c2::Sertoli}} cells, serves as passageway of spermatozoa
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Rete testis}}: lined by {{c2::cuboidal}} cells, serves as passageway of spermatozoa
Published	07/30/2024	[Part of excretory ductal system]Lined by tall columnar cells with cilia and motile cilia{{c1::Efferent ducts or ductuli efferentes}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Part of excretory ductal system]Is the only part of the male reproductive system with motile cilia{{c1::Efferent ducts or ductuli efferentes}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Part of excretory ductal system]Has smooth muscle{{c1::Efferent ducts or ductuli efferentes}}
Published	07/30/2024	A long convoluted tube with a head, body and tail located on posterior aspect of the testis{{c1::Epididymis}}
Published	07/30/2024	The epididymis is lined by {{c1::pseudostratified columnar epithelium with long microvilli/stereocilia}}
Published	07/30/2024	The epididymis has a {{c1::smooth::smooth/rough}} lumen
Published	07/30/2024	The epididymal wall contains {{c1::smooth muscles}} that increase in thickness from the body to the tail of the epididymis (proximo-distally)
Published	07/30/2024	[Part of excretory ductal system]accumulation, storage, and maturation of the spermatozoa{{c1::Epididymis}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Part of excretory ductal system]Where spermatozoa acquire motility{{c1::Epididymis}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Part of excretory ductal system]Very thick muscular layer{{c1::Vas deferens}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Part of excretory ductal system]Stellate lumen due to invaginations{{c1::Vas deferens}}
Published	07/30/2024	The Vas deferens is lined by {{c1::pseudostratified columnar epithelium with areas of simple columnar epithelium}}
Published	07/30/2024	3 layers of the vas deferens{{c1::→ inner and outer longitudinal layer→ middle circular layer}}
Published	07/30/2024	The {{c1::ejaculatory duct}} is formed as the {{c2::ampulla of vas deferens}} is joined by the {{c2::duct of the seminal vesicle}}
Published	07/30/2024	The ejaculatory duct then joins with the {{c1::prostatic}} urethra
Published	07/30/2024	● Contribute to the production of seminal fluid1. paired {{c1::Seminal vesicles}}2. unpaired {{c1::Prostate gland}}● Secrete mucus to lubricate the ur…
Published	07/30/2024	Seminal Vesicles EPITHELIUM: {{c1::pseudostratified columnar with areas of simple columnar}} epithelium
Published	07/30/2024	[Gland]DISTINGUISHING complicated mucosal folds{{c1::Seminal Vesicles}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Gland]contributes 50-70% of the seminal fluid. Thick, yellowish secretion{{c1::Seminal Vesicles}}
Published	07/30/2024	Prostate Gland EPITHELIUM: {{c1::simple columnar with basal cells at the basal portion}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Gland]Presence of mucosal foldings but not the distinguishing feature{{c1::Prostate Gland}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Gland]has a fibromuscular stroma{{c1::Prostate Gland}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Gland]contributes 30-50% of the seminal fluid. Thin, whitish secretion{{c1::Prostate Gland}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Gland]secretion is rich in vitamin C and fructose{{c1::Seminal Vesicles}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Gland]rich in citric acid and fibrinolysin{{c1::Prostate gland}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Gland]Presence of Corpora amylacea in elderly individuals{{c1::Prostate gland}}
Published	07/30/2024	Males in their {{c1::50}}s experience urinary incontinence or incomplete voiding
Published	07/30/2024	Cowper’s Glands EPITHELIUM: {{c1::tall columnar cells}}
Published	07/30/2024	3 bodies of the erectile tissues of the penis{{c1::1. Paired Corpora Cavernosa2. Unpaired Corpus Spongiosum}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Erectile body]contain collagen fibers{{c1::Paired Corpora Cavernosa}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Erectile body]important to free the sperm from the thick semen{{c1::Unpaired Corpus Spongiosum}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Erectile body]contains more elastic fibers to assure that despite erection, semen will still be released{{c1::Unpaired Corpus Spongiosum}}
Published	07/30/2024	The source of blood that would engorge the erectile tissues{{c1::Helicine Artery}}
Published	07/30/2024	The prostate hypertrophizes because of its {{c1::basal}} cells
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Peripheral}} zone of the prostate has a tendency to undergo malignancies{{c1::Transition}} zone of the prostate is the area around the urethra a…
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