Notes in 03 Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	09/04/2024	Highest intercostal level where diaphragm rises{{c1::4th ICS during expiration}}
Published	09/04/2024	Sternal angle articulates with the {{c1::2nd::number}} rib
Published	09/04/2024	Thorax landmark for tracheal bifurcation{{c1::Sternal angle}}
Published	09/04/2024	Ribs {{c1::1-6::number}} are true ribs
Published	09/04/2024	QC. Insensitive to pain 1. Visceral pleura2. Parietal pleura{{c1::A}}
Published	09/04/2024	Surgical incisions (i.e. in thoracostomy) must be placed immediately at the {{c1::upper}} border of the rib
Published	09/04/2024	Patient with penetrating chest trauma can still have chest x-ray first if stable with at least systolic BP above {{c1::80}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Decreased urine output}} is first sign of poor circulation/shock
Published	09/04/2024	Additional management to open chest wound after placing chest tube for thoracentesis {{c1::pack with gauze/cloth/towel}}
Published	09/04/2024	Sudden blow to the chest with an expanded lung can lead to {{c1::laceration of the tracheobronchial tree}}
Published	09/04/2024	Definitive management of pneumothorax involves inserting {{c1::chest tube french 28}} at lateral border of {{c2::pectoralis major}} muscle one below a…
Published	09/04/2024	Definitive treatment for tension pneumothorax{{c1::Close tube thoracostomy}}
Published	09/04/2024	Management for open pneumothorax{{c1::Immediately drain the air by inserting a chest tube and by covering that open wound}}
Published	09/04/2024	Closed tube thoracostomy landmarks for hemothoraxMCL{{c2::6th or 7th intercostal space}}AAL{{c1::5th intercostal space}}
Published	09/04/2024	Complication from unevacuated blood clots in hemopneumothorax{{c1::Empyema}}
Published	09/04/2024	Management for pericardial tamponade secondary to hemothorax{{c1::Anterolateral thoracotomy, open the pericardium and repair the puncture wound}}
Published	09/04/2024	Consideration to perform thoracotomy after initial closed tube management {{c1::If the initial chest tube drainage is more than 1 liter (penetrat…
Published	09/04/2024	Contraindication for ER thoracotomy Penetrating trauma{{c1::CPR >15 min and no signs of life}}Blunt trauma{{c2::CPR >10 min and no signs of…
Published	09/04/2024	Definitive management of simple rib fracture secondary to blunt chest trauma {{c1::AnalgesicReassurance then send home Chest X-ray within 24…
Published	09/04/2024	Pulmonary contusion usually manifest after {{c1::12-24}} hours of inital chest trauma
Published	09/04/2024	Ventilatory support should be given to patients if pO2 <{{c1::60}} and pCO2 >{{c1::45}}
Published	09/04/2024	How is pulmonary contusion diagnosed?{{c1::Detected by follow-up chest x-rays}}
Published	09/04/2024	Management for pulmonary contusion{{c1::O2 inhalation Restric IVF to <2L / dayAnalgesicsDiuretics}}
Published	09/04/2024	Chest x-ray finding of pulmonary contusion {{c1::Diffuse rapid densities on the lung field}}
Published	09/04/2024	Possible cardiac injuries from penetrating trauma {{c1::Cardiac tamponadeForeign bodies in the heart}}
Published	09/04/2024	Possible cardiac injuries from blunt trauma {{c1::Cardiac contusion Rupture}}
Published	09/04/2024	Management for unstable patient on suspicion of cardiac injury following chest trauma {{c1::Pericardiocentesis}}
Published	09/04/2024	Definitive management for cardiac injury secondary to chest trauma {{c1::Pericardiostomy or pericardial window connected to underwater seal}}
Published	09/04/2024	Any stab wound on the chest that occurs at the {{c1::5th::level}} ICS and below should be suspected for penetrating injury of the diaphragm
Status	Last Update	Fields