Notes in OG3.7 Antepartum haemorrhage

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Published	10/04/2024	The most common cause of antepartum hemorrhage is {{c1::placenta previa}}
Published	10/04/2024	{{c1::Anterior::Anterior/posterior}} placenta is more likely to be accreta or percreta
Published	10/04/2024	Grade 1 placenta previa: {{c1::Leading edge of the placenta is within 2 cm of the internal cervical os}}
Published	10/04/2024	Grade 2 placenta previa: {{c1::Reaches the internal os}}
Published	10/04/2024	Grade 3 placenta previa: {{c1::Covers the os by asymmetrically situated}}
Published	10/04/2024	Grade 4 placenta previa: {{c1::Covers os centrally located}}
Published	10/04/2024	Risk factors for placenta previa:{{c1::Prior uterine surgery}}{{c1::Increased parity}}{{c1::Advanced maternal age}}{{c1::Multiple pregnancy}}{{c1::Smo…
Published	10/04/2024	Digital vaginal exam is {{c1::contraindicated}} in any pregnant patient with antepartum hemorrhage
Published	10/04/2024	1.Indicated in event of severe life-threatening maternal haemorrhage regardless of gestational age 2.Indicated if evidence of non-reassuring fetal tes…
Published	10/04/2024	If patient has received antenatal corticosteroids and has recurrent significant bleeds with placenta previa → deliver at {{c1::34 weeks}}
Published	10/04/2024	Patients with placenta previa {{c1::should::should/should not}} be admitted
Published	10/04/2024	If placenta previa is managed expectantly and < 36 weeks, give {{c1::steroids}} for lung maturty
Published	10/04/2024	Patients with placenta previa being managed expectantly must be managed {{c1::inpatient::inpatient/outpatient}} from 24 weeks
Published	10/04/2024	At 36 weeks in expectant management of placenta previa → {{c1::ultrasound::imaging}} to confirm
Published	10/04/2024	Delivery in placenta previa should be done at {{c1::37 weeks}}
Published	10/04/2024	Placenta {{c1::accreta::accreta/increta/percreta}} is most common
Published	10/04/2024	Counsel patients with suspected placenta accreta about {{c1::caesarean hysterectomy}}, {{c1::massive intrapartum haemorrhage}} and need for&…
Published	10/04/2024	Extremely hard, tender uterus in a pregnant woman at 37 weeks → {{c1::abruption}}
Published	10/04/2024	Role of ultrasound in placental abruption → {{c1::rule out placenta previa}}
Published	10/04/2024	Placental abruption and live baby → {{c1::C section::next best step}}
Published	10/04/2024	Placental abruption and dead baby → {{c1::vaginal delivery::next best step}}
Published	10/04/2024	Placental abruption may cause a coagulopathy, manifested by {{c1::↓}} fibrinogen, {{c1::↓}} platelets and {{c1::↑}} raised fibrin degra…
Published	10/04/2024	Placental abruption may cause {{c1::DIC}} secondary to release of thromboplastins
Published	10/04/2024	Vasa previa coexists with {{c1::velamentous insertion of the cord}}
Published	10/04/2024	Use the {{c1::Kleihauer}} test to determine how much RHOGAM to give
Published	10/04/2024	Blood group and antibody status determined at {{c1::booking}} and {{c1::28}} weeks
Published	10/04/2024	All non-sensitized Rh negative women should receive Anti-D as:- {{c1::routine antenatal prophylaxis}}- {{c1::Following any sensitizing event…
Published	10/04/2024	If a woman is sensitized to D antigen, observe anti-D titres every {{c1::4}} weeks until 28 weeks, and every {{c1::2}} weeks till birth
Published	10/04/2024	Refer a woman to fetal medicine once anti-D level > {{c1::4}} IU/mL
Published	10/04/2024	Fetal {{c1::middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocities}} should be performed weekly if a mother is sensitized to D antigen
Published	10/04/2024	In moms who are sensitized to anti D, delivery is to be done if > {{c1::34}} weeks, followed by {{c1::neonatal exchange transfusion}}
Published	10/04/2024	In moms who are sensitized to anti D, cord blood should be sent for {{c1::direct coombs test}}, {{c1::hemoglobin}} and {{c1::bilirubin}…
Published	10/04/2024	APH = bleeding from/into genital tract after {{c1::24}} weeks gestation, prior to delivery
Published	10/04/2024	Maternal risks of placenta previa{{c1::hemorrhage}}{{c1::co-existing abruption}}{{c1::placenta accreta (15% risk)}}{{c1::hysterectomy}}{{c1::death}}
Published	10/04/2024	Fetal risks of placenta previa{{c1::preterm birth}}{{c1::IUGR (15%)}}{{c1::death}}
Published	10/04/2024	placenta accreta risk factorshistory of {{c1::C-section, uterine instrumentation, fibroid surgery::3 surgeries}}prior {{c1::placenta previa}}
Published	10/04/2024	risk factors for placental abruption{{c1::chronic HTN, preeclampsia}}{{c1::abdominal trauma}}{{c1::cocaine use}}{{c1::smoking}}{{c1::PPROM, prolonged …
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