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Notes in 01 Nuclear cardiology

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Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyRadionuclide perfusion imaging evaluates the blood flow to the left ventricular myocardium. Decreased regional myoc…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyThe stress component of myocardial perfusion and viability imaging can be physical ({{c1::treadmill}}), pharmacolog…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyRadionuclide perfusion imaging can be performed with {{c1::SPECT}} (Tc-99m sestamibi, Tc-99m tetrofosmin, thallium-…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyPrior to a revascularization procedure (e.g., coronary artery bypass surgery, CABG or coronary angioplasty/stenting…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyViability imaging can be performed with rest-redistribution {{c1::thallium-201}} perfusion imaging or {{c2::F-18 FD…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::F-18 FDG PET}} evaluation of glucose metabolism is the gold standard for evaluation of myocardial viability, …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyMyocardial perfusion imaging is often the gatekeeper to further cardiac workup in patients where there is clinical …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyClinical applications of myocardial perfusion and viability imaging: Evaluation of acute {{c1::chest pain}}.
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyClinical applications of myocardial perfusion and viability imaging: Evaluation of {{c1::hemodynamic significa…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyClinical applications of myocardial perfusion and viability imaging: {{c1::Risk stratification}} after MI.
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyFindings in myocardial perfusion and viability imaging after MI that indicate high risk: Large and severe…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyWith nuclear myocardial perfusion and viability imaging, Ejection fraction (EF) is calculated as EF = {{c1::(E…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyClinical applications of myocardial perfusion and viability imaging: {{c1::Preoperative risk assessment}} for …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyThallium-201 is a {{c1::cyclotron}}-produced radionuclide with a half-life of {{c2::73 hours}}. It decays by {…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyThallium-201 demonstrates relatively {{c1::low energy}} characteristic X-raysm which {{c2::increase attenuation art…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyThallium-201 has a {{c1::long}} half-life, which requires fairly {{c1::low}} doses, with resultant lower count dens…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyPhysiologically, thallium acts like a {{c1::potassium}} analog, crossing into the cell via active transport through…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyMyocardial uptake of thallium is directly proportional to myocardial {{c1::perfusion}}.
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyA {{c1::50}}% stenosis will generally produce a perfusion defect with thallium upon maximal exercise.
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyThallium undergoes redistribution with simultaneous cellular washout and re-extraction of blood-pool radiotracer.&n…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Technetium-99m::cardiac nucleotide}} is {{c2::generator}}-produced, therefore more readily available. It…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyUnlike thallium, Tc-99m sestamibi (Cardiolite) does not undergo {{c1::redistribution}} and remains fixed in the myo…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyTechnetium-99m Sestamibi enters myocardium via {{c1::passive diffusion}} and binds to mitochondrial membrane protei…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Tc-99m tetrofosmin (Myoview)::cardiac perfusion agent}} is similar to Tc-99m sestamibi but has the advantage …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Rubidium-82}} is a {{c2::positron}}-emitting PET perfusion agent that is generated from strontium-82. A {{c3:…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyRubidium-82 acts as a {{c1::potassium}} analog, similar to thallium.
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyNitrogen-13 ammonia is a {{c1::positron}}-emitting PET perfusion agent (like rubidium-82) that has a half-life of {…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyNitrogen-13 ammonia (cardiac perfusion agent has excellent imaging characteristics. N-13 positrons have a {{c1::low…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyLike rubidium-82, {{c1::N-13 perfusion::cardiac perfusion agent}} is almost always coupled with a {{c2::pharmacolog…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG)}}, the same radiotracer used for oncologic imaging, is a {{c2::posi…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Viable}} myocardium uptakes FDG; {{c1::scar}} does not.
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac radionuclides: Compared to Thallium-201, Technetium-99m sestamibi {{c1::generator}}-produced…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac radionuclides: Compared to Thallium-201, Technetium-99m sestamibi has a {{c1::shorter (…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac radionuclides: Compared to Thallium-201, Technetium-99m sestamibi gives {{c1::superior}} image qu…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac radionuclides: Compared to Thallium-201, Technetium-99m sestamibi {{c1::does not::does/does not}}…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyThe stress component of a cardiac perfusion study can be {{c1::physical}} or {{c1::pharmacologic}}.
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGeneral exercise protocol:Prior to undergoing a myocardial perfusion study with exercise stress, the patient should…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGeneral exercise protocol:In patients without known coronary artery disease, {{c1::calcium channel blockers}} and {…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGeneral exercise protocol:Long-acting {{c1::nitrates}} may mask ischemia and should also be held when possible.
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGeneral exercise protocol:Exercise is performed with a multistage treadmill (Bruce or modified Bruce) protocol. The…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGeneral exercise protocol:The maximal calculated heart rate is {{c1::220 bpm minus age}}.
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGeneral exercise protocol:Contraindications for exercise stress include {{c1::acute myocardial infarction (within 4…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyPharmacologic stress is an alternative to excercise stress in patients who cannot exercise physically or in those w…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Dipyridamole}} is an {{c2::adenosine deaminase}} inhibitor that allows endogenous adenosine to accumulate.&nb…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyAfter administration of dypyridamole, the microcirculation fed by a critical coronary artery stenosis {{c1::cannot …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyDipyridamole stress {{c1::does not::does/does not}} increase cardiac work or O2 demand.
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Caffeine}} and {{c1::theophylline}} competitively inhibit vasodilation from {{c2::dipyridamole}} and must be …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologySide effects of dipyridamole include nausea, dizziness, headache, flushing, and {{c1::chest}} pain, {{c1::wheezing}…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyThe antidote for dipyridamole is {{c1::aminophylline (100–200 mg)::& dose}}, which has a shorter half-life than…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Adenosine}} has identical physiologic effects as dipyridamole used in pharmacologic stress tests, but has a m…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyWhat is the adenosine reversal agent? {{c1::Because adenosine has an extremely short half-life (<10 seconds), a …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Regadenoson}} is a selective A2A (adenosine) receptor agonist with a {{c2::2–3 minute}} half-life.It is easie…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Dobutamine}} is a β 1agonist that {{c2::increases}} myocardial oxygen demand. It is used when a {{c3::va…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyTc-99m sestamibi or tetrofosmin perfusion SPECT is most commonly performed as a single day study. Rest images are f…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyTc-99m sestamibi or tetrofosmin perfusion SPECT is most commonly performed as a single day study. Rest images are f…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyTc-99m sestamibi or tetrofosmin perfusion SPECT Imaging is performed 45–90 minutes post-injection for resting studi…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGated SPECT images show wall motion at time of {{c1::imaging}}, while perfusion images show perfusion at time of {{…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGated SPECT images show wall motion at time of imaging, while perfusion images show perfusion at time of injection.…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyWhat is the benefit of a two-day Tc-99m sestamibi/tetrofosmin perfusion SPECT protocol? {{c1::By performing th…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyWhat type of patients is a two-day Tc-99m sestamibi/tetrofosmin perfusion SPECT protocol used for? {{c1::This …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyWith a two-day Tc-99m sestamibi/tetrofosmin perfusion SPECT protocol, if the stress study is performed first a…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyThallium stress-redistribution (rest) SPECT: Because thallium undergoes {{c1::redistribution}}, imaging is per…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyThallium is not often used for myocardial perfusion imaging because of its {{c1::long 73-hour half-life}} and high …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyFor evaluation of myocardial viability prior to revascularization therapy, a {{c1::rest-rest}} or {{c1::restredistr…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::PET}} rest-stress myocardial perfusion has greater sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosis of co…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Rubidium-82}} and {{c1::N-13 ammonia}} are perfusion agents and are imaged on a PET system using coincidence …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::F-18 FDG PET}} is preferred over thallium for evaluation of myocardial viability.
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyIn a patient undergoing F-18 FDG PET for myocardial viability, glucose metabolism is induced over fatty acids by th…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyPET myocardial viability study: FDG uptake is seen in both {{c1::normal}} myocardium and {{c2::ischemic but vi…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Attenuation}}-correction CT improves diagnostic accuracy of nuclear myocardial studies by eliminating attenua…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Quality control: Is it a good study?For instance, in a single-day rest-str…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Quality control: Is it a good study?Is there {{c1::misregistration}} betwe…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Quality control: Is it a good study?Yellow arrows: {{c1::horizontal b…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Quality control: Is it a good study?Is there attenuation artifact from the…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Quality control: Is it a good study?Is there abnormal extracardiac uptake?…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Is there pulmonary uptake on exercise thallium-201 or Tc-99m sestamibi/tet…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Tc-99m sestamibi scan.Images demonstrate {{c1::increased lung uptake …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Evaluation of the rest and stress SPECT or PET perfusion images is the cor…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Evaluation of the rest and stress SPECT or PET perfusion images is the cor…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Evaluation of the rest and stress SPECT or PET perfusion images is the cor…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Evaluation of the rest and stress SPECT or PET perfusion images is the cor…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Evaluation of the rest and stress SPECT or PET perfusion images is the cor…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Evaluation of the rest and stress SPECT or PET perfusion images is the cor…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Evaluation of the rest and stress SPECT or PET perfusion images is the cor…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Evaluation of the rest and stress SPECT or PET perfusion images is the cor…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac Perfusion Imaging Approach: Evaluation of the rest and stress SPECT or PET perfusion images is the cor…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGated SPECT (GSPECT) uses ECG gating of a standard myocardial perfusion SPECT acquisition for the quantitative asse…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyStatic SPECT images from a pure perfusion exam cannot distinguish between {{c1::scar}} or {{c1::hibernating}} myoca…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyMyocardial {{c1::scar}} is fibrosis resulting from prior myocardial necrosis (infarction).{{c2::Hibernating}} myoca…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyFunctional data from cardiac GSPECT can distinguish attenuation artifacts from true perfusion defects; but GSPECT c…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyFunctional data from cardiac GSPECT can distinguish attenuation artifacts from true perfusion defects; but GSPECT c…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::F-18 FDG PET::NM}} is the gold standard for evaluating myocardial viability and hibernation.
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c2::Normal}} myocardium preferentially metabolizes {{c1::fatty acids}} during the fasting state. 
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Ischemic but viable}} myocardium has a diminished ability to metabolize fatty acids and must depend on {{c2::…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyOn F-18 FDG PET, {{c1::ischemic}} myocardium shows {{c2::increased}} uptake on FDG PET. 
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyOn F-18 FDG PET, myocardial {{c1::scar}} does not take up FDG.
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyIf the region of perfusion defect takes up FDG (a “mismatch” between FDG PET and perfusion imaging), it is {{c1::vi…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyA “matched” perfusion/metabolic defect on cardiac perfusion imaging and FDG PET is consistent with {{c1::non-viable…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyUptake of thallium-201 on delayed images due to redistribution also reflects {{c1::viability}}. 
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyRedistribution thallium SPECT is {{c1::inferior::superior/inferior}} to FDG PET 
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyWhen myocardium has delayed recovery of contractile function despite reperfusion after a transient ischemic insult,…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Stunned}} myocardium demonstrates {{c2::normal}} uptake on perfusion scan, which indicates viable cells, but …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyUnlike {{c1::hibernating myocardium}} which results from chronic ischemia, {{c2::myocardial stunning}} is an acute,…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology1.) {{c1::Normal}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology2.) {{c1::Decreased}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology3.) {{c1::Decreased}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology4.) {{c1::Decreased}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology5.) {{c1::Normal/Near normal}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology6.) {{c1::Normal}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology7.) {{c1::Normal}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology8.) {{c1::Decreased (Fixed Defect)}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology9.) {{c1::Decreased (Fixed Defect)}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology10.) {{c1::Normal}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology11.) {{c1::Normal}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology12.) {{c1::Increased}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology13.) {{c1::Decreased (Matched)}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology14.) {{c1::Increased (Mismatch)}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology15.) {{c1::Normal}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology16.) {{c1::None}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology17.) {{c1::Yes}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology18.) {{c1::No (Fixed Defect)}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology19.) {{c1::Yes}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology20.) {{c1::Yes}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology21.) {{c1::Normal}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology22.) {{c1::Normal/Decreased from stunning}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology23.) {{c1::Decreased}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology24.) {{c1::Decreased}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology25.) {{c1::Decreased}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology1.) {{c1::SA (Short axis)::View}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology2.) {{c1::VLA (Vertical Long axis)::View}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology3.) {{c1::HLA (Horizantal Long axis)::View}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology4.) {{c1::LAD}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology5.) {{c1::RCA}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology6.) {{c1::Cx}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology9.) {{c1::Cx}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology11.) {{c1::Cx}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology7.) {{c1::LAD}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology12.) {{c1::LAD}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology8.) {{c1::RCA}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology10.) {{c1::RCA}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology13.) {{c1::LAD}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology14.) {{c1::LAD}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology18.) {{c1::LAD}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology20.) {{c1::LAD}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology15.) {{c1::RCA}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology17.) {{c1::RCA}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology16.) {{c1::Cx}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology19.) {{c1::Cx}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyMyocardial Segments (SA): Blue vascular segments: {{c1::LAD}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyMyocardial Segments (SA): Yellow vascular segments: {{c1::RCA}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyMyocardial Segments (SA): Red vascular segments: {{c1::Cx}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyFor nuclear medicine myocardial studies, the heart is reconstructed into {{c1::short axis (SA)}} (the traditional “…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyFor evaluation of cardiac perfusion defect size, there are {{c1::17}} standard left ventricular segments, evaluated…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyTc-99m sestamibi scan.Findings: {{c1::The rest and stress images are identical}}Diagnosis? {{c1::Normal}}
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyTc-99m sestamibi scan. Fixed defect seen on regadenoson sestamibi perfusion study previously performed.Finding…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyTc-99m sestamibi scan. Fixed defect seen on regadenoson sestamibi perfusion study previously performed.Finding…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyTc-99m sestamibi scan. Fixed defect seen on regadenoson sestamibi perfusion study previously performed.Finding…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyRegadenoson sestamibi perfusion study. Tc-99m sestamibi. Findings: {{c1::large-sized perfusion defec…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyTc-99m sestamibi SPECT rest perfusion imagesRest Imaging Findings: {{c1::large and severe perfusion defect in the e…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyTc-99m sestamibi SPECT stress and rest perfusion short axis images (left column) show: {{c1::a fixed anterior wall …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyAs described earlier in the chapter, GSPECT using Tc-99m-labeled perfusion agents (e.g., sestamibi) is most commonl…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGSPECT Cardiac Imaging: In {{c1::First-pass radionuclide angiography (FP-RNA)}}, Tc-99m-labeled red blood cell…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGSPECT Cardiac Imaging: In First-pass radionuclide angiography (FP-RNA), Tc-99m-labeled red blood cells (RBCs)…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGSPECT Cardiac Imaging: First-pass radionuclide angiography (FP-RNA) is {{c1::more::more/less}} accurate …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGSPECT Cardiac Imaging: First-pass radionuclide angiography (FP-RNA) is {{c1::not sensitive::is/is not}}&…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGSPECT Cardiac Imaging: With equilibrium radionuclide angiography (E-RNA; gated blood pool ventriculography or…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGSPECT Cardiac Imaging: Equilibrium radionuclide angiography (E-RNA) allows visual evaluation of cardiac …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGSPECT Cardiac Imaging: With Equilibrium radionuclide angiography (E-RNA),LVEF = (end {{c1::diastolic}} counts…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGSPECT Cardiac Imaging: With Equilibrium radionuclide angiography (E-RNA),The calculated LVEF can be falsely {…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGSPECT Cardiac Imaging: Equilibrium radionuclide angiography (E-RNA) is comparable to FP-RNA for measurem…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Sarcoidosis}} a systemic disease of noncaseating granulomas with cardiac manifestations of arrhythmias, left …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyF-18 FDG PET is a noninvasive method for diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis and monitoring treatment response.Prior t…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac sarcoidosis typically presents as {{c1::focal or patchy}} FDG uptake in the {{c2::myocardium}}.
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyPitfalls in FDG PET evaluation of sarcoidosis include {{c1::diffuse myocardial}} uptake due to {{c2::incompletely s…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyWhen evaluating for sarcoidosis with F-18 FDG PET, a mismatched pattern of perfusion defect with focal FDG uptake c…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyF-18 FDG PET and perfusion imaging can be combined to identify sarcoid-induced tissue damage. Perfusion {{c1::…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyF-18 FDG PET and perfusion imaging can be combined to identify sarcoid-induced tissue damage. However, perfusi…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyF-18 FDG PET.Tc-99m sestamibi myocardial perfusion scan. PET findings: {{c1::increased myocardial uptake …
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyF-18 FDG PET.Tc-99m sestamibi myocardial perfusion scan. Perfusion scan findings: {{c1::Regions of hypope…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyF-18 FDG PET.Tc-99m sestamibi myocardial perfusion scan. What is the likely diagnosis if CAD was excluded by a…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Amyloidosis}} is a systemic disease characterized by extracellular deposition of insoluble proteins; any orga…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyCardiac involvement by amyloidosis pertains a poor prognosis and can lead to angina, arrhythmias, {{c4::restrictive…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyWhile the gold standard for diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis is {{c1::tissue biopsy}}, cardiac imaging such as {{c2…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyRadiotracers most commonly used to image cardiac amyloidosis are {{c1::Tc-99m-labeled bisphosphonates}} 
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyTc-99m-labeled bisphosphonates are helpful in distinguishing between subtypes of cardiac amyloidosis, where {{c1::t…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyTc-99m-labeled bisphosphonate scan. Patient with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and increasing left…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyTc-99m-labeled bisphosphonate scan. Patient with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and increasing left…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyGrade {{c1::2}} ({{c2::myocardial uptake = rib uptake}}) or grade {{c1::3}} ({{c2::myocardial uptake > rib uptak…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c3::Amyloid}}-specific PET agents (such as {{c1::F-18 florbetapir}} and {{c2::C-11 PiB}}) are currently undergoin…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyF-18 FDG PET/CT can accurately diagnose {{c1::prosthetic valve::valve}} endocarditis and its systemic complications…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyFDG PET can be combined with {{c1::CT angiography}} (discussed later in the chapter) for increased sensitivity in d…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear Cardiology{{c1::Radiolabeled leukocyte}} scintigraphy with SPECT/CT is more specific than FDG PET/CT for evaluation of endoca…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyThe typical appearance of {{c1::endocarditis}} on FDG PET and leukocyte scintigraphy is a {{c2::focal valvular}} up…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyPt. with bicuspid aortic valve status post bioprosthetic valve replacement.Findings: {{c1::PET images (to…
Published 05/01/2023 Cardiac Imaging: Nuclear CardiologyPt. with bicuspid aortic valve status post bioprosthetic valve replacement.Dx: : {{c1::Endocarditis of th…
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