Notes in MP.S1.L01 Intro to Microbiology / Cell Structure and Host-Pathogen Relationship

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Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Microbiology}}study concerned with the microorganism or the microscopic forms of life
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Prokaryotes::Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes}}Lack of nucleus
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Prokaryotes::Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes}}No membrane enclosed structures
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Eukaryotes::Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes}}With nucleus
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Eukaryotes::Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes}}With membrane enclosed structures
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Eukaryotes::Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes}}Genetic materialFound in paired chromosomes
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Eukaryotes::Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes}}NucleolusPresent
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Eukaryotes::Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes}}HistonesPresent
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Eukaryotes::Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes}}Extrachromosmal DNAin {{c2::mitochondria::where}} and {{c3::plasmid::where}}
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Prokaryotes::Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes}}Genetic Materialusually found in single circular chromosome
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Prokaryotes::Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes}}Location of genetic material{{c2::nuclear region (nucleoid)}}
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Eukaryotes::Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes}}Location of genetic materialmembrane enclosed nucleus
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Prokaryotes::Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes}}Nucleolusabsent
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Prokaryotes::Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes}}Histonesabsent
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Prokaryotes::Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes}}Extrachromosmal DNAin {{c2::plasmids::where}}
Published	10/21/2024	Prokaryotic cells have internal membranes ONLY in {{c1::photosynthetic}} organism
Published	10/21/2024	Prokaryotic cells have their respiration (ATP) at {{c1::cell membrane}}
Published	10/21/2024	Prokaryotic cells' ribosomes{{c1::70}} S
Published	10/21/2024	Eukaryotic cells' ribosomes{{c1::70}} S in {{c2::mitochondria}}
Published	10/21/2024	Eukaryotic cells' ribosomes{{c1::80}} S in {{c2::cytoplasm}} and {{c3::endoplasmic reticulum}}
Published	10/21/2024	Eukaryotic cells have their respiration (ATP) in {{c1::mitochondria}}
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Eukaryotic::Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic}} cells have internal membranes at:numerous membrane-enclosed organelles
Published	10/21/2024	What is ABSENT in prokaryotic cell extracellular structures?{{c1::Cilia}}
Published	10/21/2024	What is PRESENT in prokaryotic cell extracellular structures?{{c1::Pili}}{{c1::Flagella}}
Published	10/21/2024	What is always ABSENT in eukaryotic cell extracellular structures?{{c1::Pili}}
Published	10/21/2024	What extracellular structure of eukaryotic cells are present in certain cell types?{{c1::Cilia}}{{c1::Flagella}}
Published	10/21/2024	What extracellular structures are NOT present in most eukaryotic cells?{{c1::Cell wall}}{{c1::External layer}}
Published	10/21/2024	Eukaryotic cell wall of fungal cells{{c1::chitin}}
Published	10/21/2024	Eukaryotic external layer of certain parasites{{c1::pellicle or shell}}
Published	10/21/2024	Prokaryotic cell external layer {{c1::capsule}} or {{c2::slime layer}}
Published	10/21/2024	Prokaryotic cell wall{{c1::peptidoglycan}}{{c1::LPS}}{{c1::teichoic acid}}
Published	10/21/2024	Prokaryotic cellsCell division{{c1::Binary fission}}
Published	10/21/2024	Prokaryotic cellsReproduction mode{{c1::Asexual}}
Published	10/21/2024	{{c2::Eukaryotic}} cellsReproduction mode{{c1::can be sexual or asexual}}
Published	10/21/2024	{{c2::Eukaryotic}} cellsCell divisions{{c1::mitosis or meiosis}}
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Plasma membrane}}outer layer of eukaryotic cellsmade up of {{c2::phopholipid bilayer}}
Published	10/21/2024	How do virus gain entry into the cell?{{c1::virus attach to specific receptors in host cell}}
Published	10/21/2024	To gain entry to the host cell:{{c1::Influenza}} virus binds to receptors called {{c2::ICAM-1}} receptors
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Cytoplasm}}is all the volume that is inside the plasma membrane but otuside the nucleus
Published	10/21/2024	Cytoplasmmade up of:{{c1::Cytosol}}, a semi fluid material consisting of water plus a variety of dissolved substances{{c2::Organelles}}, membrane encl…
Published	10/21/2024	What organelle is the manufacturing and assembly site for viral particles?{{c1::Cytoplasm}}
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Cytoskeleton}}gives the cell structural integrity
Published	10/21/2024	{{c2::Shigella}} bacteriauses {{c3::cytoskeleton}} as part of the infectious processdestroys the lining of the {{c1::intestinal tract}}move laterally …
Published	10/21/2024	Cytoskeleton also has an integral role in {{c1::phagocytosis::what process}}, which is one of the most important host defense mechanism.
Published	10/21/2024	Ciliafound only in {{c1::eukaryotic::prokaryotic or eukaryotic}} cells
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Cilia}}are made up of microtubules arrayed in an arrangement in which {{c2::nine}} groups of microtubules form a ring encircling {{c2::two}} cen…
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Cilia}}present in the {{c2::lower::upper or lower}} respiratory tractwork together with mucus-producing cells to move trapped particles upward a…
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Pertussis}} and {{c1::Diptheria}}these pathogens attach to host {{c2::ciliated}} cells as initial part of the infection.
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Cilia::extracellular structure}}prevents the {{c2::staying in}} requirement for successful infection
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Flagella}}responsible for cell motility
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Ribosomes}}responsible for production of proteins
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Ribosomes::what structure}}all protein components of new viral particles are made here
Published	10/21/2024	Are ribosomes involved directly in the bacterial infectious process?{{c1::NO, they have a role only in the treatment process because bacterial ribosom…
Published	10/21/2024	What is the role of ribosomes in the treatment of bacterial infections?{{c1::Ribosomes is one the the targets attacked by certain antibiotics}}
Published	10/21/2024	Cytoplasmic Structure enclosed by a Membrane{{c1::organelles}}
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Mitochondria}}energy-producing elements of the eukaryotic cellorganelle where most ATP is produced
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Endoplasmic Reticulum}}is the site where various cellular components are synthesizedsometime associated with {{c2::ribosomes}}
Published	10/21/2024	Smooth or Rough ER?{{c1::Rough ER}}attached with ribosomes
Published	10/21/2024	Smooth or Rough ER?{{c1::Rough ER}}where proteins are produced
Published	10/21/2024	Smooth or Rough ER?{{c1::Smooth ER}}No ribosomes
Published	10/21/2024	Smooth or Rough ER?{{c1::Smooth ER}}where {{c2::lipids}} and other {{c2::nonprotein}} componets are produced
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Golgi apparatus::organelle}}modifying and packaging products that come from the ERrenewing the plasma membraneproducing lysosomes
Published	10/21/2024	In viral infections, the {{c1::ER}} is the site of the biosynthesis and assembly of viruses
Published	10/21/2024	The {{c2::ER}} is also associated with the {{c1::adaptive}} immune response, a major host defense against infection.
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Lysosomes}}responsible for destroying invading organism and any other foreign materials tha get inside the cell
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Lysosomes}}produced by the {{c2::Golgi apparatus}} and bud off as vesicles containing powerful enzymes that destroys invader
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Lysosomes}}responsible for recycling any host-cell components that are no longer needed or are no longer functioning properly. The enzymes in th…
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Proteasomes::organelle}}composed of {{c2::ring}} structures stacked togetherfunction in {{c3::degradation of proteins}}
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Proteasomes::organelle}}degrade proteins associated with pathogens and move them into the {{c2::endoplasmic reticulum}}the degraded proteins tri…
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Peroxiomes::organelle}}responsible for the breakdown of {{c2::fatty acids}} in the eukaroytic cell
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Peroxiomes::organelle}}get rid of the poisonous by-products of fatty acid breakdown
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Nucleus::organelle}}where the DNA of eukaryotic cell is located
Published	10/21/2024	Role of Nucleus in Infection{{c1::Viral DNA must enter the host nucleus}}
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Bacteria}}product of about 3 billion years of natural selection an have emerged as immensely diverse and very succesful organism that colonize a…
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures{{c1::Glycocalyx}}referred to all polysaccharide-containing substances found to external to the cell wall
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures{{c1::Capsule}}{{c2::adherent::diffuse or adherent}}{{c3::thick::thick or thin}}{{c4::tightly bound::tightly or loosel…
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures{{c1::Slime Layer}}{{c2::diffuse::diffuse or adherent}}{{c3::thin::thick or thin}}{{c4::less tightly bound::tightly, l…
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures{{c1::Slime Layer}}traps nutrient near the cell and adherent to objectsforms {{c2::biofilms}}
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures{{c1::Flagella}}slender, whip-like structuresorgan for {{c2::locomotion}}lashing motion, forward and rotatory movement
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures{{c1::Flagellin}}identical subunits of protein make up the flagellum ({{c2::H}} antigen)
Published	10/21/2024	Three Basic Parts of Flagella{{c1::Filament}}portion extending to the exterior environment
Published	10/21/2024	Three Basic Parts of Flagella{{c1::Hook}}curve structure connecting the filament to the cell structure
Published	10/21/2024	Three Basic Parts of Flagella{{c1::Basal Body}}anchors the flagellum to the cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane
Published	10/21/2024	TYpes of Flagellar Arrangement{{c1::Monotrichous}}single polar flagellum
Published	10/21/2024	TYpes of Flagellar Arrangement{{c1::Lopotrichous}}a tuft of flagella at one end or both ends
Published	10/21/2024	TYpes of Flagellar Arrangement{{c1::Amphitrichous}}a polar flagellum at each end
Published	10/21/2024	TYpes of Flagellar Arrangement{{c1::Peritrichous}}flagella distributed over the entire surface
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures{{c1::Pili}}rigid appendages shorter, thinner cylindrical with hollow core
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures{{c1::Pilins}}structural subunit of Pili
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope StructuresPili{{c1::Adhesins}}minor protein at the tips of pilifor {{c2::attachment}}
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures2 Kinds of Pili{{c1::Ordinary}} or {{c1::Short attachment}} Pili or {{c1::Fimbriae}}adherence to surfaces{{c2::pathoge…
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures2 Kinds of Pili{{c1::Ordinary}} or {{c1::Short attachment}} Pili or {{c1::Fimbriae}}enhance {{c2::colonization}}serve …
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures2 Kinds of Pili{{c1::Ordinary}} or {{c1::Short attachment}} Pili or {{c1::Fimbriae}}example: {{c2::Neisseria gonorrhea…
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures2 Kinds of Pili{{c1::Sex}} Pili or {{c1::Long conjugation}} Pili or {{c1::F-Pili}}found only in certain bacteria
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures2 Kinds of Pili{{c1::Sex}} Pili or {{c1::Long conjugation}} Pili or {{c1::F-Pili}}pathway for transfer of genetic mate…
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures2 Kinds of Pili{{c1::Sex}} Pili or {{c1::Long conjugation}} Pili or {{c1::F-Pili}}associated with {{c2::antibiotic}} r…
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures2 Kinds of Pili{{c1::Sex}} Pili or {{c1::Long conjugation}} Pili or {{c1::F-Pili}}Examples: {{c2::E. Coli}}
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures{{c1::Pili}}solid mediaplay a role in movement but NO rotation and NO basal body
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures{{c1::Pili}}{{c2::twitching}} motilityshort jerky movements
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures{{c1::Pili}}{{c2::gliding}} motilitysmooth gliding movements
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures{{c1::Cell wall}}also known as {{c2::Murein Sacculus}}also known as {{c3::Mucopeptide}}
Published	10/21/2024	External and Envelope Structures{{c1::Cell wall}}site of major antigenic determinants
Published	10/21/2024	Gram {{c1::positive::+ or -}} cell wallteichoic acid is only seen here
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Protoplasts}}Gram (+) bacteria with digested cell wall
Published	10/21/2024	Gram positive cell wall{{c1::Peptidoglycan}}for cell wall rigidity
Published	10/21/2024	Gram negative cell wall{{c1::Peptidoglycan}}thin layer or monolayer
Published	10/21/2024	Gram negative cell wall{{c1::Periplasm}}gel-like fluid region between cytoplasmic and outer membrane
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Spheroplast}}Gram {{c2::negative::- or +}} with digested cell wall
Published	10/21/2024	Gram negative cell wall{{c1::L-forms}}Gram (-) and gram (+) with residual cell walls persist to grow and divide
Published	10/21/2024	Gram negative cell wall{{c1::Outer membrane}}ASA {{c2::inner membrane}}ASA {{c3::Lipopolysaccharide Layer}}
Published	10/21/2024	Gram positive cell wall{{c1::Teichoic Acid}}ASA {{c2::Lipoteichoic acid}}
Published	10/21/2024	Gram negative cell wallParts of LPS layer{{c1::Lipid A}}toxic property
Published	10/21/2024	Gram negative cell wallParts of LPS layer{{c1::O-specific polysaccharide}}identification of speecies
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Acid Fast}} Bacteriahas {{c2::thick::thick or thin}} cell wall{{c3::60}}% {{c4::asymetric::symmetric or asymmetric}} lipid bilayer{{c5::less::mo…
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Acid Fast}} Bacteria{{c2::Mycolic Acid}}{{c3::hydrophobic::hydrophilic or hydrophobic}} structure makes it resistant to chemicals
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Wall-Deficient}} Bacterialack rigid {{c2::cell wall}}, instead a {{c3::stronger cytoplasmic membrane}}.
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Wall-Deficient}} BacteriaExample: {{c2::Mycoplasma}}
Published	10/21/2024	Intracellular StructuresCytoplasmic in Location{{c1::Bacterial Nucleus / Nucleoid}}gel-like region contains DNANO true nucleus
Published	10/21/2024	Intracellular StructuresCytoplasmic in Location{{c1::Ribosomes}}involved in protein synthesis
Published	10/21/2024	Intracellular StructuresCytoplasmic in Location{{c1::Spore}}dormant viable cells produced by sporulation
Published	10/21/2024	Intracellular StructuresCytoplasmic in Location{{c1::Storage granules for Inclusion Bodies}}densely compacted materials{{c2::glycogen}}{{c2::PO4}}{{c2…
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of Bacteria{{c1::Size}}used for identification of bacteria
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Bacteria}}smallest living organisms
Published	10/21/2024	Small bacteria examples{{c1::Rickettsia}}{{c1::Chlamydia}}{{c1::Mycoplasma}}
Published	10/21/2024	Big bacteria example{{c1::Bacillus anthracis}}
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaShape{{c1::Cocci}}spherical or ovoid
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaShape{{c1::Bacilli}}rod
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaShape{{c1::Coccobacilli}}very short rodscan be mistaken as cocci
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaShape{{c1::Fusiform Bacilli}}rod-shaped bacteria with TAPERED end
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaShape{{c1::Spirilla}}spiral bacteria (RIGID)
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaShape{{c1::Spirochete}}spiral (FLEXIBLE)
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of Bacteria{{c1::Multicell Arrangement}}degree of stickiness of the organisms
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaMulticell Arrangement{{c1::Diplococci}}two-cell arrangement
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaMulticell Arrangement{{c1::Streptococci}}chains
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaMulticell Arrangement{{c1::Staphylococci}}clusters
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaMulticell Arrangement{{c1::Streptoococci}}Example: {{c2::Streptococcus pyogenes}}
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaMulticell Arrangement{{c1::Diplococci}}Example{{c2::Streptococcus pneumoniae}}{{c2::Neisseria gonorrhea}}
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of Bacteria{{c1::Staining}}caused by  dye molecules that bind to the microorganism and give them the color so that they are visibl…
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaStaining{{c1::basic::acidic or basic}} dyes are most commonly used in stains
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaMain Types of Staining{{c1::Simple}} Stainonly one dye
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaMain Types of Staining{{c1::Simple}} Stainused to identify the {{c2::shape}} and {{c2::multicell arrangement}} of bacteria
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaMain Types of Staining{{c1::Differential}} Stain2 or more dyes
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaMain Types of Staining{{c1::Differential}} Stainto distinguish either between two or more organisms or between different par…
Published	10/21/2024	Simple stain{{c2::Methylene Blue}}Result: Uniform {{c1::blue}}
Published	10/21/2024	Simple stain{{c2::Safranin}}Result: Uniform {{c1::red}}
Published	10/21/2024	Simple stain{{c2::Crystal violet}}Result: Uniform {{c1::purple}}
Published	10/21/2024	Differential stainGram{{c2::Gram-positive::Gram + or -}}Result: {{c1::purple}}
Published	10/21/2024	Differential stainGram{{c2::Gram-negative}}Result: {{c1::pink}}
Published	10/21/2024	Differential stainGram{{c2::Gram-variable}}Result: {{c1::intermediate or mixed colors}}
Published	10/21/2024	Differential stainGram{{c2::Gram-nonreactive}}Result: {{c1::stain poorly or not at all}}
Published	10/21/2024	Differential stain{{c1::Gram}}distinguishes gram positive from gram negative
Published	10/21/2024	Gram Stain StepsApplication of crystal violetResult: {{c1::all purple}}
Published	10/21/2024	Gram Stain StepsApplication of gram iodineResult: {{c1::all purple}}
Published	10/21/2024	Gram Stain StepsApplication of alcoholResult:Gram + are {{c1::purple}}Gram - are {{c1::colorless}}
Published	10/21/2024	Gram Stain StepsApplication of safraninResult:Gram + are {{c1::purple}}Gram - are {{c1::pink}}
Published	10/21/2024	Gram Stain Steps{{c1::Crystal Violet}}primary stain
Published	10/21/2024	Gram Stain Steps{{c1::Iodine}}mordant and to increase stain
Published	10/21/2024	Gram Stain Steps{{c1::Alcohol}}decolorizer
Published	10/21/2024	Gram Stain Steps{{c1::Safranin}}counterstain
Published	10/21/2024	Differential Stain{{c1::Ziel-Neelsen acid-fast}}Use:distinguishes members of genera {{c2::Mycobacterium}} and {{c2::Nocardia}}
Published	10/21/2024	Ziel-Neelsen acid-fast{{c2::Carbol Fuschin}}Result:Acid fast = {{c1::Red}}Nonacid fast = {{c1::Red}}
Published	10/21/2024	Ziel-Neelsen acid-fast{{c2::3% HCl acid in alcohol}}Result:Acid fast = {{c1::Red}}Nonacid fast = {{c1::Colorless}}
Published	10/21/2024	Ziel-Neelsen acid-fast{{c3::Malachite Green}} ({{c4::Kinyoun/Cold}} method)Result:Acid fast = {{c1::Red in green backgorund}}Nonacid fast = {{c2::Gree…
Published	10/21/2024	Ziel-Neelsen acid-fast{{c3::Loeffler's Alkaline methylene Blue}} ({{c4::Ziehl-Neelsen/Hot}} method)Result:Acid fast = {{c1::Red in blue backgorund}}No…
Published	10/21/2024	Differential Stain{{c1::Negative}} StainResult: stains {{c2::background}}Use: allows bacterial {{c3::capsules}} to be seen
Published	10/21/2024	Differential Stain{{c1::Negative}} Stainused for cells or structures that are difficult to stain directly
Published	10/21/2024	Differential Stain{{c1::Negative}} Stain{{c2::Nigrosin}} or {{c2::India}} inkused to darken background
Published	10/21/2024	Differential Stain{{c1::Negative}} StainExample: {{c2::Cryptoccoccus}}
Published	10/21/2024	Differential Stain{{c1::Flagella}} Staindyes or {{c2::silver}} used to build up layers on flagella
Published	10/21/2024	Differential Stain{{c1::Flagella}} StainUse: allows flagella to be seen
Published	10/21/2024	Differential Stain{{c1::Flagella}} Staintreats the cells with an unstable colloidal suspension because the structure that it stains is too fine to be …
Published	10/21/2024	Differential Stain{{c1::Endospore}} StainResult:Endospore: {{c2::retain malachite green color}}Cell counterstained: {{c3::red from safranin}}
Published	10/21/2024	Differential Stain{{c1::Spore}}are mostly simply observed as intracellular refractile bodies in unstained suspensions
Published	10/21/2024	Host-Pathogen Relationships{{c1::Pathogens}}organisms that cause disease in humans
Published	10/21/2024	Host-Pathogen Relationships{{c1::Infectious disease}}complex process that involves both pathogen and organism
Published	10/21/2024	Host-Pathogen RelationshipsClassification of Pathogens{{c1::Opportunistic}}causing disease if the host's defenses are compromised in some way
Published	10/21/2024	Host-Pathogen RelationshipsClassification of Pathogens{{c1::Primary}}causing disease even if the host's defenses are intact
Published	10/21/2024	Host-Pathogen RelationshipsNourishment Obtainment{{c1::Predation}}one animal attack the prey consuming it but not killing the prey
Published	10/21/2024	Host-Pathogen RelationshipsNourishment Obtainment{{c1::Scavengers}}animals deriving its nutrition from dead animals
Published	10/21/2024	Host-Pathogen RelationshipsNourishment Obtainment{{c1::Symbiosis}}two animals get food from one another meaning living together
Published	10/21/2024	Host-Pathogen RelationshipsNourishment Obtainment{{c1::Commensalism}}beneficial for both animal and prey
Published	10/21/2024	Course of Infectious Disease{{c1::Incubation period}}first encounter but no symptoms yet
Published	10/21/2024	Course of Infectious Disease{{c1::Prodrome}}period of disease onset
Published	10/21/2024	Course of Infectious Disease{{c1::Invasion period}}period of maximal illness
Published	10/21/2024	Course of Infectious Disease{{c1::Defervescence}}manifestations decline
Published	10/21/2024	Course of Infectious Disease{{c1::Convalescence}}regains full strength
Published	10/21/2024	What is ABSENT in prokaryotic cell genetic structures?{{c1::Nucleolus}}{{c1::Histone}}
Published	10/21/2024	What is ABSENT in prokaryotic cell intracellular structures?{{c1::Golgi}}{{c1::Peroxisomes}}{{c1::Sterol in plasma membrane}}{{c1::Lysosomes}}{{c1::En…
Published	10/21/2024	3 Major Categories of Cytoplasmic Structure that are NOT enclosed by any membrane{{c1::Cytoskeleton structures}}{{c1::Cilia}}{{c1::Ribosomes}}
Published	10/21/2024	Three Cytoskeletal Components{{c1::microfilaments}}{{c1::intermediate filaments}}{{c1::microtubules}}
Published	10/21/2024	Golgi apparatus functions{{c1::modifying and packaging products that come from the ER}}renewing the {{c1::plasma membrane}}producing {{c1::lysosomes}}
Published	10/21/2024	Three Basic Parts of Flagella{{c1::Filaments}}{{c1::Hook}}{{c1::Basal body}}
Published	10/21/2024	Types of Flagellar Arrangement{{c1::Monotrichous}}{{c1::Lopotrichous}}{{c1::Amphitrichous}}{{c1::Peritrichous}}
Published	10/21/2024	Components of gram positive cell wall{{c1::Peptidoglycan}}{{c1::Teichoic acid}}{{c1::Protoplasts}}
Published	10/21/2024	Components of gram negative cell wall{{c1::Peptidoglycan}}{{c1::Outer membrane}}{{c1::Periplasm}}{{c1::Spheroplast}}{{c1::L-Forms}}
Published	10/21/2024	Gram negative cell wallParts of LPS layer{{c1::Lipid A}}{{c1::O-specific polysaccharide}}
Published	10/21/2024	Cell envelope is comprised of:{{c1::capsule}}{{c1::cell wall}}{{c1::cytoplasmic membrane}}
Published	10/21/2024	Intracellular structuresCytoplasmic in location{{c1::Bacterial nucleus / Nucleoid}}{{c1::Ribosomes}}{{c1::Spore}}{{c1::Storage Granules for Inclusion …
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaMain Types of Staining{{c1::Simple stain}}{{c1::Differential stain}}
Published	10/21/2024	Identification of BacteriaMain Types of StainingSimple stainExamples{{c1::Methylene blue}}{{c1::Carbolfuschin}}{{c1::Safranin}}{{c1::Crystal violet}}
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