Notes in 001 Eddies M2 Lecture Decks::4A Renal::4 Na Balance

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Published	10/08/2024	Totoal Body Water:⇒ {{c1::2/3}} is {{c2::Intra}}Cellular Fluid⇒ {{c1::1/3}} is {{c2::Extra}}Cellular Fluid
Published	10/08/2024	the 1/3 ExtraeCellular Fluid can be subdivided⇒ {{c1::3/4}} interstital fluid⇒ {{c1::1/4}} Plasma
Published	10/08/2024	Electrolytes {{c1::can NOT::can vs cannot}} freely cross lipid bilayer seperating intra vs extra cellular water compartments
Published	10/08/2024	Loss of {{c2::Na+}} and Water through excess sweating can cause {{c1::Chronic::acute/chronic}} {{c1::Kidney}} Disease
Published	10/08/2024	Our body needs very {{c1::little::high/low}} Na+
Published	10/08/2024	Excess Na+ can cause {{c1::HTN}} which kills many people
Published	10/08/2024	US average Na+ intake is {{c1::2}}x the adequate intake
Published	10/08/2024	Weight gain matches a person's {{c1::Na+}} intake (has a 3-5 day delay)
Published	10/08/2024	Major trigger for {{c2::Na+}} excretion is changes in {{c1::ECF}} expansioni.e. {{c1::Volume}} Expansion
Published	10/08/2024	Excretion = {{c1::Filtration - Reabsorption + Secretion}}
Published	10/08/2024	Low GFR means {{c1::Decreased::inc/dec}} Na+ excretion
Published	10/08/2024	{{c2::FENa%}} is the fraction (%) of the {{c1::filtered}} Na+ that is {{c1::excreted}}
Published	10/08/2024	FENa% = {{c2::::eqn}}Healthy Kidney has FENa%  <{{c1::1}}%
Published	10/08/2024	Values of FENa {{c1::>2}}% may indicate {{c2::acute kidney injury (AKI)}}
Published	10/08/2024	{{c2::Pressure Naturesis}} ⇒ {{c1::Inc}} BP causes {{c1::inc}} Na+ excretion
Published	10/08/2024	Do Healthy ppl use Pressure Naturesis?{{c1::No}}
Published	10/08/2024	What inhibits Pressure Naturesis?{{c1::Nitric Oxide (NO)}}
Published	10/08/2024	“Salt-{{c1::insensitivity}}” = {{c2::blood pressure}} does NOT rise w/ increased salt {{c2::intake}}“Salt-{{c1::sensitivity}}” = {{c2::blood pres…
Published	10/08/2024	The {{c2::Sympathetic}} NS can directly affect the {{c1::PCT::nephron region}} by {{c2::increasing::inc/dec}} activity of the {{c1::Na/H Exchanger::tr…
Published	10/08/2024	The Sympathetic NS can stimulate {{c1::β1}}-receptors on the kidney to release {{c1::Renin}}
Published	10/08/2024	Sympathetic NS can vasoConstric {{c1::A}}fferent Arterioles of Kidney to {{c1::Dec}} GFR and lower Na+ excretion
Published	10/08/2024	The 3 mechanism of Na+ retention via {{c2::Sympathetic NS}} occur on a spectrum:Low Actiation → starts {{c1::Inc Na+ absorb @PCT}}Medium Activation → …
Published	10/08/2024	How is the RAAS system controlled?{{c1::via Renin release}}
Published	10/08/2024	Do tissues have their own RAAS or is it just sysmtemic?{{c1::YES → tissues angiotensinogen that can be activated independently of systemic}}
Published	10/08/2024	How does AT2 affect kidney arterioles?{{c1::Constricts both afferent and efferent → BUT efferent constricts more → inc GFR}}
Published	10/08/2024	AT2 causes inc Na+ reabsorb at teh PCT by directly stimulating Na/H ExchangeAlso causes {{c1::Aldosterone}} to inc Na+ reabsorb at {{c2::Collecting Du…
Published	10/08/2024	Macula Densa is located at the {{c1::Thick Ascending Limb (Loop of Henle)}} of the nephron
Published	10/08/2024	{{c2::Macula Densa}} senses Na+ via {{c1::intake}} which causes the MD to {{c1::swell}} → at {{c2::high}} Na+ tell afferent arteriole to constrict→ at…
Published	10/08/2024	At Low GFR the Macula Densa gets {{c1::less}} Na+
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::A}}fferent Arterioles can sense BP via {{c1::BaroRelfex}} to cause inc Renin at low perfusion
Published	10/08/2024	Whats the main regulator for Na+ Excretion?{{c1::Naturetic Peptides}}
Published	10/08/2024	Naturetic Peptides for Na+ Excretion:Circulating → {{c1::ANP}}IntraRenal → {{c1::Dopamine (DA)}} and {{c1::Nitric Oxide (NO)}}
Published	10/08/2024	ANP causes {{c1::inc}} GFR via constriction of {{c1::a}}fferent and dilation of {{c1::e}}fferent arteriole
Published	10/08/2024	finish ANP effect on cortical tubule {{c1::}}
Published	10/08/2024	Dopamine {{c2::Dec}} Na+ reaborb by {{c2::inhibitn}} {{c1::Na/H exchager}} at PCT and {{c2::inhibiting}} {{c1::Na/K exchanger}} at collecting duct
Published	10/09/2024	Dopamine causes {{c1::Increased}} Renal Blood Flow
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Low}} dose Dopamine → hits {{c2::DA-1}} receptors
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Medium}} dose Dopamine → hits {{c2::β1}} receptors
Published	10/08/2024	{{c2::High}} dose Dopamine → hits {{c1::α1}} receptors
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