Notes in 1. Upper Limb

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c2::anterior}} wall of axilla is formed by {{c1::pectoralis (major & minor)}} muscle and {{c1::subclavius}} muscle
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c2::posterior}} wall of the axilla is formed by 3 muscles {{c1::subscapularis}}, {{c1::teres major}} and {{c1::latissimus dorsi}}
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c2::medial}} wall of the axilla is formed by the {{c1::thoracic wall}} and {{c1::serratus anterior}} muscle
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c2::lateral}} wall of the axilla is formed by the {{c1::intertubercular groove}} of the humerus
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Published	02/10/2024	At what anatomical point does the axillary artery begin? {{c1::Outer border of the first rib}}
Published	02/10/2024	At what anatomical point does the brachial artery begin? {{c1::Inferior border of teres major tendon}}
Published	02/10/2024	Brachial plexus is formed by the ventral rami of {{c1::C5}} to {{c1::T1}}
Published	02/10/2024	Injury to upper trunk of Brachial plexus causes {{c1::Erb’s}} Palsy, this results in a characteristic ‘waiter’s tip’ appearance of the upper limb…
Published	02/10/2024	Injury to the lower trunk of Brachial plexus causes {{c1::Klumpke’s}} Palsy   This mainly affects the intrinsic muscles of the hand (typical…
Published	02/10/2024	The Brachial Plexus1.  {{c1::radial}} nerve and {{c1::axillary}} nerve from the {{c2::posterior}} cord 2.  {{c1::musculocutaneous}} ner…
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Published	02/10/2024	The {{c1::cephalic}} vein arises at the {{c2::lateral}} end of the dorsal venous arch and {{c1::basilic}} vein arises at the {{c2::medial}} end of the…
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c1::median cubital}} vein is a large communicating vein which shunts blood from the {{c2::cephalic}} vein to the {{c2::basilic}} vein&…
Published	02/10/2024	Following an injury to a spinal root a sensory loss (paraesthesia) will be mapped on the skin corresponding to that specific {{c1::dermatome}}.  …
Published	02/10/2024	All lymphatic vessels from the upper limb drain into {{c1::axillary}} nodes 1.     Anterior or pectoral group 2. &n…
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Published	02/10/2024	The {{c1::lateral}} aspect of a clavicle is flatter than the {{c1::medial}} aspect
Published	02/10/2024	The muscles attached to the {{c2::greater}} tuberosity of the humerus are:{{c1::Supraspinatus}}, {{c1::Infraspinatus}}, {{c1::Teres Minor}}
Published	02/10/2024	The muscle attached to the {{c2::lesser}} tuberosity of the humerus is:{{c1::Subscapularis}}
Published	02/10/2024	The main stabilizing force of the {{c2::elbow}} is the {{c1::ulnar collateral}} ligament
Published	02/10/2024	Which part of the clavicle is weakest and commonly breaks (fractures) during a fall? {{c1::The junction of lateral and middle thirds}}
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Published	02/10/2024	dc760e81b57042f2b87cd1763c8951aa-ao-13
Published	02/10/2024	The acromioclavicular (AC) joint is a {{c1::plane synovial::Type}} joint
Published	02/10/2024	The sternoclavicular (SC) joint is a {{c1::synovial saddle::Type}} joint
Published	02/10/2024	Muscles involved in {{c2::elevation}} of the scapula are the {{c1::upper trapezius}} and {{c1::levator scapulae}}
Published	02/10/2024	Muscle involved in {{c2::depression}} of the scapula is the {{c1::lower trapezius}}
Published	02/10/2024	Muscle involved in {{c2::protraction/abduction}} of the scapula is the {{c1::serratus anterior}}
Published	02/10/2024	Muscles involved in {{c2::retraction/adduction}} of the scapula are the {{c1::Middle trapezius}} and {{c1::Rhomboid major/minor}}
Published	02/10/2024	Muscle involved in {{c2::upward (Lateral) rotation}} of the scapula is the {{c1::trapezius}}
Published	02/10/2024	Muscles involved in {{c2::downward (medial) rotation}} of the scapula are the {{c1::Levator scapulae}}, {{c1::Rhomboids}}, {{c1::Pectoralis minor}} an…
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Published	02/10/2024	The 2 main bursa in the shoulder are the {{c1::subacromial}} bursa and the {{c1::subscapular}} bursa.
Published	02/10/2024	The rotator cuff muscles (SITS) are {{c1::Supraspinatus}}, {{c1::Infraspinatus}}, {{c1::Teres minor}}, {{c1::Subscapularis}}
Published	02/10/2024	Muscles involved in {{c2::abduction}} of the humerus are 0-15 {{c1::Supraspinatus}} 15-90 {{c1::Middle deltoid}}> 90 {{c1::Trapezius }}> 10…
Published	02/10/2024	Muscles involved in {{c2::adduction}} of the humerus are {{c1::Pectoralis major}} and {{c1::Latissimus dorsi}}
Published	02/10/2024	Muscles involved in {{c2::flexion}} of the humerus are {{c1::Anterior deltoid}}, {{c1::Biceps brachii}}, and {{c1::Coracobrachialis}}
Published	02/10/2024	Muscles involved in {{c2::extension}} of the humerus are {{c1::posterior deltoid}} and {{c1::latissimus dorsi}}
Published	02/10/2024	Muscles involved in {{c2::internal/medial rotation}} of the humerus are {{c1::Subscapularis}}, {{c1::Anterior deltoid}}, {{c1::Pectoralis major}} and …
Published	02/10/2024	Muscles involved in {{c2::external/lateral rotation}} of the humerus are {{c1::Infraspinatus}}, {{c1::Teres minor}} and {{c1::Posterior deltoid}}
Published	02/10/2024	Rotator cuff injuries are an important cause of sport injury caused by {{c1::repetitive overhead motions}}
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Anterior}} fibres of deltoid -- {{c1::flexion}} and {{c1::medial rotation}} at the shoulder joint
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Middle}} fibres of deltoid -- {{c1::abduction}} at the shoulder joint
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Posterior}} fibres of deltoid -- {{c1::extension}} and {{c1::lateral rotation}} at the shoulder joint
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Pectoralis major}} -- {{c1::adduction}} and {{c1::internal/medial rotation}} at the shoulder joint
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Winged scapula}} is a complication that may occur due to damage of {{c1::thoracic nerve (C5-C7)}}during axillary lymphadenectomy
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Published	02/10/2024	The {{c1::superior}} fibres of trapezius {{c2::elevate}} the scapula
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c1::middle}} fibres of trapezius {{c2::retract/adduct}} the scapula
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c1::inferior}} fibres of trapezius {{c2::depress}} the scapula
Published	02/10/2024	Innervation of Trapezius & Route of nerve{{c1::Accessory nerve (CN XI)}} and passes through {{c1::Jugular foramen}}
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Published	02/10/2024	The {{c1::short}} head of the biceps muscle originates from the {{c2::coracoid process}} of the scapula.
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c1::long}} head of the biceps muscle originates from the {{c2::supraglenoid tubercle}} of the scapula.
Published	02/10/2024	Action of {{c2::Biceps Brachii}} and {{c2::Coracobrachialis}} is {{c1::flexion}} of the shoulder and elbow joint.
Published	02/10/2024	Action of Biceps Brachii is {{c1::supination}} of the superior radio-ulnar joint
Published	02/10/2024	Sensory & Motor Supply of {{c2::Musculocutaneous}} nerveSensory: {{c1::Cutaneous innervation of the lateral forearm}}Motor: {{c1::Muscles in …
Published	02/10/2024	Root value of {{c1::Musculocutaneous}} nerve is {{c2::C5-C7}}
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Published	02/10/2024	The {{c2::brachial}} artery is a direct continuation of the {{c1::axillary}} artery.
Published	02/10/2024	Both the {{c1::radial}} nerve and {{c1::median}} nerve root is {{c2::C5-T1}}
Published	02/10/2024	Both the {{c1::ulnar}} nerve root is {{c2::C7-T1}}
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c2::long}} head of the triceps attaches onto the {{c1::infraglenoid tubercle}} of the scapula
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c1::triceps}} and {{c1::anconeus}} are the extensors of the elbow
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c1::radial}} nerve innervates all the extensor muscles of the elbow and wrist including a flexor which is {{c2::brachioradialis}}i.e. posterior …
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c1::radial}} nerve is injured due to a fracture at the {{c2::radial/spiral groove}} of the humerus
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c1::ulnar}} nerve is injured due to a fracture at the {{c2::medial epicondyle}} of the humerus
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c1::axillary}} nerve is injured due to a fracture at the {{c2::surgical neck}} of the humerus
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Published	02/10/2024	Which vein lies anterior to the roof of the antecubital fossa? {{c1::Median cubital}} vein
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c1::cephalic}} vein lies over the lateral aspect, while the {{c1::basilic}} artery lies over the medial aspect of the antecubital fossa
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Published	02/10/2024	Which muscles cause {{c2::flexion}} of the elbow joint:{{c1::Biceps brachii}} ‒ {{c1::Brachialis}} ‒ {{c1::Brachioradialis}}
Published	02/10/2024	Which muscles cause {{c2::extension}} of the elbow joint:{{c1::Triceps brachii}} ‒ {{c1::Anconeus}}
Published	02/10/2024	Which ligament holds the ulnar in place? {{c1::Ulnar collateral}} ligament
Published	02/10/2024	Which ligament holds the head of the radius? {{c1::Annnular}} ligament
Published	02/10/2024	Both the {{c1::proximal radio-ulnar}} and {{c1::distal radio-ulnar}} joints of the forearm are {{c2::pivot}} type synovial joints, allowing {{c3::supi…
Published	02/10/2024	Muscles involved in {{c1::Supination}} of the radio-ulnar joint are{{c2::Biceps brachii}} and {{c2::Supinator}}
Published	02/10/2024	Muscles involved in {{c1::Pronation}} of the radio-ulnar joint are{{c2::Pronator teres}} and {{c2::Pronator quadratus}}
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Published	02/10/2024	Action of {{c2::Flexor carpi ulnaris}} apart from flexion of the wrist is {{c1::adduction/ulnar deviation}}
Published	02/10/2024	Action of {{c2::Flexor carpi radialis}} apart from flexion of the wrist is {{c1::abduction/radial deviation}}
Published	02/10/2024	Innervation of the {{c2::Anterior}} compartment of the arm{{c1::Musculocutaneous (C5-C7)}} nerve
Published	02/10/2024	Innervation of the {{c2::Posterior}} compartment of the arm{{c1::Radial (C5-T1)}} nerve
Published	02/10/2024	Innervation of the {{c2::Anterior}} compartment of the forearm{{c1::Median (C5-T1)}} nerve except which muscles {{c3::FCU}} and {{c3::ulnar 1/2 o…
Published	02/10/2024	Innervation of the {{c2::Posterior}} compartment of the forearm{{c1::Radial (C5-T1)}} nerve
Published	02/10/2024	Innervation of the {{c2::Hand}} {{c1::Ulnar (C8-T1)}} nerve except the {{c3::thenar}} compartment* and the {{c3::1st and 2nd lumbricals}} which a…
Published	02/10/2024	Tendons of {{c2::FDS}} are attached to the {{c1::middle}} phalanges of the {{c1::2-5}} digits
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Published	02/10/2024	FDS cannot act on the {{c1::DIP}} joint only FDP can
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Published	02/10/2024	Which test is used to determine the patency of the arteries in the distal forearm?{{c1::Allen's test }}
Published	02/10/2024	Contents of the Carpal Tunnel{{c1::9 tendons (4 ‒ FDP, 4 ‒ FDS, 1 ‒ FPL)}} and {{c1::Median nerve}}
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Published	02/10/2024	Which muscle of the forearm (not found in everyone) is continuous with the fascia of the palm shown above? {{c1::Palmaris longus}}
Published	02/10/2024	Working from superficial to deep there are 5 compartments:1)      {{c1::Thenar}} compartment 2)     …
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Thenar}} Muscles include:●        {{c1::Abductor pollicis brevis (APB)}} ●     &nbsp…
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Hypothenar}} Muscles include:●        {{c1::Abductor digiti minimi}}●      &nbs…
Published	02/10/2024	Lumbricals of the HandOrigin: {{c1::Medial and lateral aspects of the FDP tendon, between 1st to 5th metacarpals.}}Action: {{c1::Flexion of the MCP jo…
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Published	02/10/2024	Action of Dorsal Interossei{{c1::DAB ‒ Dorsal ABduction}} of the fingers
Published	02/10/2024	Action of Palmar Interossei{{c1::PAD ‒ Palmar ADduction}} of the fingers
Published	02/10/2024	The main contributor of the {{c2::superficial}} palmar arch is the {{c1::ulnar}} artery
Published	02/10/2024	The main contributor of the {{c2::deep}} palmar arch is the {{c1::radial}} artery
Published	02/10/2024	Nerve: {{c1::Median}}Motor Test: {{c2::Move your thumb towards your nose (Abductor pollicis brevis)}}
Published	02/10/2024	Nerve: {{c1::Axillary}}Motor Test: {{c2::Abduct the Shoulders (Deltoid)}}
Published	02/10/2024	Nerve: {{c1::Musculocutaneous}}Motor Test: {{c2::Flex the Elbow (Biceps, Brachialis)}}
Published	02/10/2024	Nerve: {{c1::Radial}}Motor Test: {{c2::Extend your Wrist (Post. Compartment of Forearm)}}
Published	02/10/2024	Nerve: {{c1::Ulnar}}Motor Test: {{c2::Spread your Fingers (Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand}}
Published	02/10/2024	Nerve: {{c1::Median}}Sensory Test Location: {{c2::Radial 3.5 digits including thenar eminence}}
Published	02/10/2024	Nerve: {{c1::Axillary}}Sensory Test Location: {{c2::Lateral arm ‘’regimental badge area’’}}
Published	02/10/2024	Nerve: {{c1::Musculocutaneous}}Sensory Test Location: {{c2::Anterolateral aspect of the forearm}}
Published	02/10/2024	Nerve: {{c1::Radial}}Sensory Test Location: {{c2::1st dorsal web area}}
Published	02/10/2024	Nerve: {{c1::Ulnar}}Sensory Test Location: {{c2::Ulnar 1.5 digits including hypothenar eminence}}
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Published	02/10/2024	The radius articulates with the {{c1::scaphoid}} and {{c1::lunate}} (carpal bones)
Published	02/10/2024	The muscles in the posterior forearm are organized into 3 functional groups: 1) Muscles that {{c1::extend and abduct or adduct the hand at the wr…
Published	02/10/2024	Muscles that extend and abduct or adduct the hand at the wrist joint{{c1::Extensor carpi radialis longus}}{{c1::Extensor carpi radialis brevis}}{{c1::…
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