Notes in Asynch: Cystic Kidney Disease

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Published	11/13/2023	What adverse effect may -vaptans (tolvaptan, conivaptan) have on sodium levels?{{c1::Hypernatremia}}
Published	11/13/2023	In polycystic kidney disease, cysts are usually {{c1::bi}}-lateral
Published	11/13/2023	Is polycystic kidney disease heritable? {{c1::Yes}}
Published	11/13/2023	Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is characterized by cysts in the renal {{c1::cortex}} and {{c1::medulla}}
Published	11/13/2023	Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease is characterized by cystic dilation of the renal {{c1::collecting ducts}}
Published	11/13/2023	The {{c2::autosomal recessive}} form of polycystic kidney disease typically presents in {{c1::infants}}
Published	11/13/2023	Autosomal recessive PKD presents in infants as worsening renal failure and {{c1::hypertension::BP}}
Published	11/13/2023	Which form of PKD (autosomal dominant or recessive) is associated with hepatic cysts? {{c1::Both :)}}
Published	11/13/2023	Autosomal {{c3::recessive}} PKD is associated with congenital {{c1::hepatic fibrosis}} which may lead to {{c2::portal}} hypertension
Published	11/13/2023	Autosomal dominant PKD may present in young adults with {{c1::hypertension}} due to increased {{c2::renin}}
Published	11/13/2023	Autosomal dominant PKD may present in young adults with {{c1::flank}} pain and urinary infection
Published	11/13/2023	Autosomal dominant PKD may present in young adults as worsening renal failure and {{c1::hemat}}-uria
Published	11/13/2023	What % of patients with autosomal dominant PKD experience progressive renal failure? {{c1::50%}}
Published	11/13/2023	85% of autosomal dominant PKD is due to a(n) {{c1::PKD1}} mutation on chromosome {{c2::16}}
Published	11/13/2023	15% of autosomal dominant PKD is due to a(n) {{c1::PKD2}} mutation on chromosome {{c2::4}}
Published	11/13/2023	Autosomal dominant PKD is associated with {{c1::berry aneurysm}}, which is an important cause of death
Published	11/13/2023	Autosomal dominant and recessive PKD are associated with {{c1::hepatic}} cysts in addition to renal cysts (benign)
Published	11/13/2023	What is the most common extrarenal manifestation of autosomal dominant PKD?{{c1::Hepatic cysts}}
Published	11/13/2023	What neurological complication is associated with autosomal dominant PKD?{{c1::Berry aneurysms}}
Published	11/13/2023	ADPKD = {{c1::ultrasound::imaging modality}}
Published	11/13/2023	The {{c2::autosomal dominant}} form of polycystic kidney disease typically presents in {{c1::young adults}}
Published	11/13/2023	{{c1::ARPKD::renal condition}} has ↑ risk of hepatic fibrosis
Published	11/13/2023	Why does hypertension ocur in ADPKD?{{c1::Cyst expansion → localized renal ischemia → increased renin release}}
Published	11/13/2023	Cysts of the pancreas and liver may be present in {{c1::autosomal dominant}} polycystic kidney disease
Published	11/13/2023	{{c2::Autosomal recessive}} polycystic kidney disease is due to a(n) {{c1::PKHD1}} gene mutation, which codes for fibroc…
Published	11/13/2023	Polycystic kidney disease may compress the renal parenchyma and cause irreversible damage leading to {{c1::chronic kidney disease::rena…
Published	11/13/2023	Congential polycystic kidney disease has an {{c1::autosomal recessive::inheritance pattern}} form that presents in early childhood and an {{…
Published	11/13/2023	What drug slows the progression of ADPKD?{{c1::Tolvaptan}}
Published	11/13/2023	The {{c3::Bosniak}} scoring system is used to classify {{c1::cystic renal}} lesions on {{c2::CT}}
Published	11/13/2023	What is the most common extrarenal manifestation of polycystic kidney disease?{{c1::Hepatic cysts}}
Published	11/13/2023	What 2 sytemic diseases also cause Renal Cysts?
Published	11/13/2023	ARPKD is associated with {{c1::Oligohydramnios}} which leads to {{c2::Potter Sequence}}
Published	11/13/2023	Tolvaptan is used for patients who are {{c1::at high risk for progressing rapidly}}
Published	11/13/2023	ADPKD is normally treated by {{c1::low sodium intake, high water intake, BP control, and protein restriction::4 actions}}
Published	11/13/2023	Bosniak class I is a {{c1::simple cyst::feature}} with a {{c1::0%}} risk of malignancy
Published	11/13/2023	Bosniak class II is a {{c1::Nonenhancing, fine septum::feature}} with a {{c1::minimal}} risk of malignancy
Published	11/13/2023	Bosniak class IIf is a {{c1::Hyperdense, multiple septa, wall nodules::feature}} with a {{c1::5-15%}} risk of malignancy
Published	11/13/2023	Bosniak class III is a {{c1::Enhancing nodule or septa::feature}} with a {{c1::50%}} risk of malignancy
Published	11/13/2023	Bosniak class IV is a {{c1::Enhancing soft tissue component::feature}} with a {{c1::90%}} risk of malignancy
Published	11/14/2023	ADPKD is a {{c1::autosomal dominant::inheritance pattern}} multi-system disease that presents with {{c2::no symptoms OR flank pain, hematuria, nephrol…
Published	11/14/2023	ADPKD may be diagnosed via genetic analysis, looking at the genes {{c1::PKD1 and PKD 2}}. Diagnosis can also be made via {{c2::ultrasound}} and {…
Published	11/14/2023	ARPKD often presents in {{c1::infants::population}}. It involves mutation of the {{c2::PKHD1}} gene, and causes dilation of {{c3::collecting duct…
Published	11/14/2023	Treatment of ADPKD includes:1. {{c1:: Low sodium intake (<2g a day)}}2. {{c1:: High water intake (>3L a day)}}3. {{c1:: BP control}}4. {{c1:: Pr…
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