Notes in WEEK 109 LOs: Urinary system - Renal colic

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New Card	11/17/2024	The glomerular membrane is made up of three layers: the {{c1::capillary endothelial cells}}, the {{c1::glomerular basement membrane}} (GBM) and the {{…
New Card	11/17/2024	Glomerular capillary pores are {{c1::100nm}} in diameter.
New Card	11/17/2024	Inner podocyte filtration slits are {{c1::8nm}} in diameter.
New Card	11/17/2024	The basement membrane is {{c1::negatively}} charged (by glycoproteins and collagen) to prevent the filtration of proteins that are {{c1::negatively}} …
New Card	11/17/2024	The glomerular capillary wall is made up of {{c1::endothelial cells}} with pores, allowing all solutes to pass.
New Card	11/17/2024	The narrow filtration slits allow fluid to leave the {{c1::glomerular capillaries}} and enter the lumen of the {{c1::Bowman’s capsule}} as glomerular …
New Card	11/17/2024	The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is influenced by three physical forces; the {{c1::glomerular capillary}} blood pressure, the {{c1::plasma-colloid…
New Card	11/17/2024	Glomerular hydrostatic pressure (blood) ıs approximately {{c1::55}} mm/Hg, which is influenced by the {{c1::arterial blood}} pressure and {{c1::vascul…
New Card	11/17/2024	Blood colloid osmotic pressure is approximately {{c1::30}} mm/Hg. As plasma proteins cannot cross glomerular membrane, they remain in capillaries.&nbs…
New Card	11/17/2024	Bowman’s capsule hydrostatic pressure is approximately {{c1::15}} mm/Hg, which is the force exerted by the fluid in the capsule.
New Card	11/17/2024	The hydrostatic pressure is {{c1::higher}} than other capillaries due to the afferent arteriole having a {{c1::larger}} diameter of compared to the ef…
New Card	11/17/2024	As the afferent arteriole has a {{c1::larger}} diameter of compared to the efferent arteriole, more blood can enter through the afferent arteriole tha…
New Card	11/17/2024	Solute osmolarity in the capillary and filtrate is {{c1::290}} mosmol/L.
New Card	11/17/2024	Net filtration pressure (NFP): Hydrostatic pressure (55mmHg) - Blood oncotic pressure (30mmHg) - Bowman’s capsule pressure (15mmHg) = Net NFP {{c1::10…
New Card	11/17/2024	Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure is be regulated to maintain a constant GFR of approximately {{c1::120}} ml/min
New Card	11/17/2024	Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure of ~120 ml/min can be regulated by {{c1::autoregulation}}, hormonal regulation by the {{c1::kidneys}} and au…
New Card	11/17/2024	Mean arterial pressure (MAP) of {{c1::60}} mmHg or greater is required to maintain adequate tissue perfusion.
New Card	11/17/2024	Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is the {{c1::diastolic pressure}} (DP) + 1/3 {{c1::pulse pressure}} (PP).
New Card	11/17/2024	Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) autoregulation includes the granular cells that secrete {{c1::renin}}, the macular densa cells that detect {{c1::sodi…
New Card	11/17/2024	In GFR autoregulation, a decreased mean arterial pressure (MAP) results in decreased GFR. Decreased GFR is detected by {{c1::macula densa}} cells, tha…
New Card	11/17/2024	GFR is hormonally regulated by the renin-{{c1::angiotensin}}-aldosterone system (RAAS)
New Card	11/17/2024	in GFR Hormal regulation, a decreased mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreases glomerular capillary pressure, resulting in decreased GFR. This is detect…
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