Notes in LE032 WBCs

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Published	10/29/2024	Basophiliabasophil = {{c1::most}} rare type of immune cell absolute basophil count > {{c1::100}}/mcLbasophils release {{c1::histamine}} and {{…
Published	10/29/2024
Published	10/29/2024	{{c1::Lymphocytosis}}most commonly caused by viral infectionpresence of atypical lymphocytes (large cells w/scalloped edges touching RBCs, characteris…
Published	10/29/2024	what does this blood smear suggest?
Published	10/29/2024
Published	10/29/2024	is indicative of what disease? (ANC <1500/mcL or low WBC)
Published	10/29/2024	60-70% of agranulocytosis (a severe form of neutropenia) is due to {{c1::medications}}
Published	10/29/2024	2 types of BM pathologies:{{c1::promyelocyte-myelocyte maturation arrest - ANC recovery in 1 weekcomplete absence of WBC precursors - ANC recovery in …
Published	10/29/2024	3 classes of infections can cause neutropenia:{{c1::viral, bacterial, fungal infections}}
Published	10/29/2024	benign ethnic neutropenia (BEN)associated with absence of {{c1::RBC Duffy antigen (which may be protective against malaria)}} among individuals of Afr…
Published	10/29/2024	A patient who has had low WBC/ANC since birth and recurrent infections across their lifespan may have what phenotype regarding RBC antigen presentatio…
Published	10/29/2024	{{c1::Genetic}} conditions can cause neutropenia
Published	10/29/2024	This blood smear indicates which nutritional deficiency and WBC disorder? What are the morphological hallmarks?
Published	10/29/2024	This blood smear indicates which nutritional deficiency and WBC disorder? What are the morphological hallmarks?
Published	10/29/2024	This blood smear indicates which nutritional deficiency and WBC disorder?
Published	10/29/2024	What does blood smear indicate and what are morphological hallmarks?
Published	10/29/2024	Normal distribution of granular lymphocytes:{{c1::10-15}}% lymphocytes are granular as:majorly - {{c1::NK cells (CD3-CD8+)}}minorly - {{c1::gamma delt…
Published	10/29/2024	Which disease is indicated from these symptoms?
Published	10/29/2024	both types need {{c1::bone marrow}} biopsy to diagnose{{c1::Primary autoimmune neutropenia}}:-pediatric disease, occurs in 1st year of life-occurs in …
Published	10/29/2024	treatment of neutropenia due to:medication/drug --> {{c1::stop offending agent}}infection --> {{c1::treat infection}}duffy null status --> {{…
Published	10/29/2024
Published	10/29/2024	Lymphopenia (absolute lymphocyte count < 1000/mcL) can be caused by (x3):{{c1::viral infectionautoimmune diseaseimmunodeficiency}}
Published	10/29/2024
Published	10/29/2024	{{c1::Leukocytosis}}: WBC > 13,000 > mcL (eosinophils, neutrophils, basophils, lymphocytes)
Published	10/29/2024	{{c1::Primary}} neutrophilia- problem {{c2::in}} the BMmyeloproliferative neoplasms: e.g., CML, chronic neutrophilic leukemia, primary myelofibrosis, …
Published	10/29/2024	{{c1::neutrophilia}} if ANC > 7,700/mcL
Published	10/29/2024	neutrophil differentition (x6):{{c1::blast > promyelocyte > myelocyte > metamyelocyte > band > segmented neutrophil }}
Published	10/29/2024	the most common cause of neutrophilia is {{c1::bacterial infection}} as evident in the following blood smears; identify hallmark morphology:
Published	10/29/2024	{{c1::Steroids}} and {{c1::beta-agonists}} can cause {{c1::demarginationof neutrophils so they move from tissue into bloodstream and increase ANC}}&nb…
Published	10/29/2024	{{c1::lithium}} can cause {{c2::neutrophilia}} via increasing {{c1::G-CSF production}}
Published	10/29/2024	{{c1::leukemoid reaction}} = profound, secondary neutrophilic leukocytosis caused by (x4):{{c2::G-CSF use (often after chemo to replace neutrophils)se…
Published	10/29/2024
Published	10/29/2024	eosinophilia: AEC > 500/mcLmost often caused by {{c1::allergies, involving eosinophil peroxidase + histamines}}
Published	10/29/2024	{{c1::hypereosinophilia}}: AEC > 1500/mcL (2 occasions, 1 mo apart){{c2::hypereosinophilic syndrome}}: HE + tissue damage
Published	10/29/2024	{{c1::eosinophilia}} can be caused by:
Published	10/29/2024
Published	10/29/2024	{{c1::Mast}} cells mediate {{c2::acute allergic or anaphylactic reactions}} via:first exposure of allergen --> {{c3::IgE binds to mast cell}}2nd ex…
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