Notes in 02_ALD

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	02/10/2024	Stepwise Progression of Alcoholic Liver Disease[1] {{c1::Alcohol related fatty liver}}[2] {{c1::Alcoholic hepatitis}}[3] {{c1::Cirrhosi…
Published	02/10/2024	Recommended Alcohol Consumption: (Clinical Communication){{c1::CAGE}} Questions{{c1::AUDIT}} Questionnaire
Published	02/10/2024	The CAGE question can be used to quickly screen for harmful alcohol use: (Clinical Communication) {{c1::C – CUT DOWN?}} Ever thought you sh…
Published	02/10/2024	Complications of Alcohol Drinking: {{c1::Alcoholic Liver Disease}} {{c1::Cirrhosis}} and its complications including {{c1::hepatocellular carcinoma}} …
Published	02/10/2024	Signs of Liver Disease {{c1::Jaundice}} {{c1::Hepatomegaly}} {{c1::Spider Naevi}} {{c1::Palmar Erythema}} {{c1::Gynaecomastia}} {{c1::Bruising}} …
Published	02/10/2024	Presentation of {{c2::Alcohol Withdrawal}}6-12 hours:{{c1::tremor, sweating, headache, craving and anxiety}}12-24 hours:{{c1::hallucinations}}24-48 ho…
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Delirium tremens}} is a medical emergency associated with alcohol withdrawal with a mortality of 35% if left untreated.
Published	02/10/2024	Alcohol Mechanism of Action (i.e. receptor interaction)Alcohol stimulates {{c1::GABA}} receptors in the brain. → This leads to a {{c2::“relaxing”}} ef…
Published	02/10/2024	Pathophysiology of Delirium Tremens{{c1::When alcohol is removed from the system after chronic usage, GABA under-functions and Glutamate over-function…
Published	02/10/2024	Presentation of {{c2::Delirium Tremens}} {{c1::24-72 hours after stopping chronic alcohol}}{{c1::Acute confusion}} {{c1::Severe agitation}} {{c1::Delu…
Published	02/10/2024	Pathways of Ethanol Metabolism[1] {{c1::Ethanol}} → {{c1::Acetaldehyde}} → {{c1::Acetate}}[2] {{c1::Ethanol}} → {{c1::Acetaldehyde}}
Published	02/10/2024	An {{c1::ultrasound}} of the liver may show fatty changes early on and demonstrate changes related to cirrhosis if present
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Endoscopy}} can be used to assess for and treat oesophageal varices when portal hypertension is suspected secondary to Alcoholic Liver Disease.
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::ALT}}, {{c1::AST}}, {{c1::ALP}} and {{c1::GGT}} are markers of liver function used to distinguish between hepatocellular damage and cholestasis.
Published	02/10/2024	In terms of LFTs:{{c2::ALT}} is a useful marker of {{c1::hepatocellular injury}}.{{c2::ALP}} is a useful indirect marker of {{c1::cholestasis}}.
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Bilirubin}}, {{c1::albumin}} and {{c1::PT}} are markers used to assess the liver’s synthetic function.
Published	02/10/2024	Learn about LFTs {{c1::Alanine transaminase (ALT)}} → a useful marker of hepatocellular injury {{c1::Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)}} → as…
Published	02/10/2024	The AST/ALT ratio can be used to determine the likely cause of LFT derangement:{{c1::ALT}} > {{c1::AST}} is associated with {{c2::chronic liver dis…
Published	02/10/2024	First-line for managing Alcohol Withdrawal is {{c1::Chlordiazepoxide}} or Alternative {{c1::Diazepam}}
Published	02/10/2024	Intravenous high-dose {{c1::B vitamins}} followed by regular lower dose oral {{c1::thiamine}} are given to combat {{c2::Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndro…
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Thiamine}} is a B vitamin that is poorly absorbed in the presence of alcohol
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS)}} is a brain disorder caused due to thiamine deficiency during alcohol excess
Status	Last Update	Fields