Notes in 04 Subarachnoid hemorrhage and aneurysms

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Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsWhat is the most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage?{{c1::trauma}}
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsWhat is the most common cause of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage?{{c1::aneurysm rupture…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsThe etiology of subarachnoid hemorrhage is {{c1::idiopathic}} in up to 22% of cases…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsClinically, non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage presents with {{c1::thunderclap headache}} …
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsThe initial imaging modality in suspected subarachnoid hemorrhage is {{c1::noncontrast C…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsWhat is the differential for high attenuation material on CT or increased FLAIR signal on MRI…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsNoncontrast CT is >95% sensitive for detecting subarachnoid hemorrhage within the first {{…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsIf clinical suspicion for subarachnoid hemorrhage is high with a negative CT scan, the s…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsIf subarachnoid hemorrhage is present on imaging or lumbar puncture shows xanthochromia, {{c1…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsOn MRI, acute subarachnoid hemorrhage appears {{c1::hyperintense}} on FLAIR and demonstrates …
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsLeft Image: high {{c3::attenuation}} in the basal cisternsRight Image: small {{c2::saccular a…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsThe pattern of subarachnoid hemorrhage may provide a clue to the ruptured aneurysm's loc…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsRarely, posterior communicating artery aneurysm rupture can result in isolated {{c1::subdural…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsHemorrhage in the {{c2::anterior interhemispheric}} fissure suggests an {{c1::anterior commun…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsHemorrhage in the {{c2::suprasellar}} cistern suggests a {{c1::posterior communicating artery…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsHemorrhage in the {{c2::Sylvian}} fissure suggests a {{c1::middle cerebral artery}} aneurysm
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsHemorrhage in the {{c3::perimesencephalic}} cistern suggests either a {{c1::basilar tip}} ane…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysms{{c1::Hunt and Hess score}} is the clinical grading scale for aneurysmal subarachno…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsHunt and Hess Score of aneurysmal SAH:Grade I: lowest grade → {{c1::mild headache::symptom}}G…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysms{{c1::Modified Fischer scale}} is the imaging (CT) grading scale of aneurysmal subarachn…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsModified Fischer scale for SAH:Grade 1: {{c1::Thin (<1mm)::thickness}} SAH {{c1::with…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsWhat is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in patients who survive the initial …
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsThe peak incidence of vasospasm after SAH occurs most frequently {{c1::7–10}} days after aneu…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsWhat is the consequence of vasospam after subarachnoid hemorrhage?{{c1::delayed cerebral isch…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsWhat is the gold standard for diagnosing and concurrently treating post-SAH vasospam?{{c1::di…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsLeft image: severe {{c1::narrowing}} of the basilar artery, left AICA, and distal vertebral a…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsCompared to digital subtraction angiography, less invasive imaging methods for detection/moni…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsWhat is used as prophylaxis for delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorr…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsConventional medical treatment of vasospasm includes triple H therapy, describing the use of …
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsIn cases of severe or medically refractory vasospasm, treatment can include endovascular ther…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsManagement of complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage:Acute hydrocephalus (15-87%) managemen…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsWhat condition is caused by iron overload of pial membranes due to chronic or repeated s…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsClinically, patients with superficial siderosis present with {{c1::sensorineural deafness}} a…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsSuperficial siderosis shows {{c1::hypo}}-intensity on T{{c2::2}}-weighted images outlini…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsArrows: Thin hypo-intense (T2-weighted) interface at the junction of the sulcal surfaces…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysms{{c1::Perimesencephalic}} subarachnoid hemorrhage is a pattern of non-traumatic SAH of likely…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsTo predict the absence of an {{c1::aneurysm}} in a perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage …
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsDo patients with a perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage generally have residual neurolog…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsWhat is a cause of nontraumatic, nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and ischemia? {{c…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsReversible cerbral vasoconstriction syndrome presents with {{c1::thunderclap headache}} and i…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsArrow: subarachnoid blood limited to the {{c2::prepontine cistern::structure}}. This patient …
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsYellow arrow: {{c1::saccular aneurysm::finding}}Red arrow: {{c2::ostium}} of the ophthalmic a…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysms{{c1::Saccular (also called berry) aneurysms}} are focal outpouchings of the arterial wall, m…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsSaccular aneurysms are caused by a combination of {{c1::hemodynamic}} stress and acquire…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsSaccular aneurysms can be classified as {{c1::small (<1 cm)}}, {{c2::medium (>1 cm and …
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsGiant aneurysms often present with {{c1::mass}} effect, can mimic a {{c2::mass}}, and can cau…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysmsmost common cranial nerve palsy due to giant aneurysm →  {{c2::oculomotor}} nerve palsy …
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsNon-inherited risk factors for the development of saccular aneurysm include {{c1::hypert…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsInherited diseases that predispose to aneurysm formation include {{c1::connective tissue dise…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysmsaneurysm {{c1::neck::neck/body}} = opening which connects the aneurysm to the parent vessel a…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsWhat 2 features affect treatment options for a saccular aneurysm?{{c1::neck:body ra…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsAneurysms with {{c1::smaller::smaller/larger}} necks are generally {{c2::easier::easier/harde…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysms{{c1::Minute}} or "{{c2::Charcot-Bouchard}}" aneurysms occur as a result of ch…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsHemorrhage location of {{c5::anterior communicating}} artery aneurysm ruptures:{{c1::interhem…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsWhat is the most common location for aneurysm presenting with intracerebral hemorrhage?{{c1::…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysms{{c4::Cavernous}} internal carotid artery aneurysms are {{c1::extra::intra/extra}}-dural…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsCavernous internal carotid artery aneurysms typically present with CN {{c1::III}}, {{c1::IV}}…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsCavernous ICA aneurysm rupture can produce a {{c1::carotidcavernousfistula}} or {{c2::se…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysms{{c4::Paraclinoid}} ICA aneurysms are classically distal to the dural ring, {{c1::intra::intr…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysms{{c3::Supraclinoid}} ICA aneurysms include {{c1::posterior communicating}} artery and {{c2::a…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysms{{c2::Posterior communicating}} artery aneurysms arise just distal to the P-comm ostium …
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsCarotid bifurcation or carotid terminus aneurysms present with {{c1::subarachnoid}} hemo…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsMost middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms occur at the {{c1::M1 bifurcation::location}}
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsWhat is the second most common location for aneurysm presenting with intracerebral hemorrhage…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysms{{c1::Basilar tip}} aneurysms classically produce {{c3::subarachnoid}} hemorrhage center…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsWhich aneurysm can present with subarachnoid hemorrhage with localized head and neck ache, me…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsPresence of apparently isolated intraventricular hemorrhage in the {{c2::fourth}} ventricle i…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysms{{c2::Fusiform}} aneurysms are a type of intracranial aneurysm characterized by an elongated …
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsFusiform aneurysms are usually due to {{c1::atherosclerosis}}, but may also arise from {{c2::…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsFusiform aneurysms {{c1::do not::do/do not}} occur at branch points.
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsFusiform aneurysms affect the {{c1::vertebrobasilar system}} {{c2::more::more/less}} commonly…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsBetween fusiform and saccular aneurysms, which is more common?{{c1::saccular}}
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsBetween fusiform and saccular aneurysms, which is more difficult to treat?{{c1::fusiform; the…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsFusiform aneurysms of the vertebrobasilar system are difficult to treat because the {{c1::cri…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysms{{c2::Mycotic}} aneurysms account for {{c1::2–4}}% of all intracranial aneurysms and are…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsWhat is the most common embolic source for mycotic aneurysms?{{c1::Bacterial endocarditis}}
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsMycotic aneurysms are most commonly located in the {{c1::anterior::anterior/posterior}} circu…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsMycotic aneurysms tend to be {{c1::peripherally::centrally/peripherally}} located, {{c2::fusi…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsWhat is the gold standard for evaluation of mycotic aneurysms?{{c1::digital subtraction angio…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysms2 left images: small irregular {{c1::outpouching}} from M2 branch in the {{c1::Sylvian}} fiss…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysms{{c2::Oncotic}} aneurysms are caused by {{c1::neoplasm}}
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsA benign left atrial myxoma may peripherally embolize and cause a distal {{c1::oncotic}} aneu…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsAneurysms due to trauma are most commonly {{c1::pseudoaneurysms::true aneurysms/pseudoaneurys…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsUsually, vessels will exhibit abnormal luminal {{c1::narrowing::change}} {{c2::proximal::prox…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsVessels in {{c2::traumatic pseudoaneurysms}} and {{c3::mycotic}} aneurysms exh…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsArteries close to bony structures (eg, {{c1::basilar}} and {{c1::vertebral}} artery) are pron…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsThe anterior communicating artery accounts for {{c1::33}}% of intracranial aneurysm…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsThe posterior communicating artery accounts for {{c1::33}}% of intracranial aneurys…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsThe middle cerebral artery accounts for {{c1::20}}% of intracranial aneurysms
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsThe basilar artery (basilar tip) accounts for {{c1::5}}% of intracranial aneurysms
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsA basilar artery (basilar tip) aneurysm rupture has a relatively {{c1::high::high/low}} …
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsA nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage has a relatively {{c1::low::hi…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsThe Modified Fischer scale for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage correlates with risk of {{c…
Published	05/01/2023	Neuroimaging Brain: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and AneurysmsThe Hunt and Hess score for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is based solely on {{c1::sympt…
Published	05/01/2023	The {{c1::membrane of Liliequist}} separates the {{c2::prepontine}} cistern from the {{c3::suprasellar}} cistern
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