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Chapter_19:_Head_and_Neck
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Published
07/07/2024
The borders of the anterior neck triangle are the {{c3::sternocleidomastoid muscle}}, the {{c2::sternal notch}}, and the {{c1::digastric muscle}}
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The borders of the posterior neck triangle are the {{c3::sternocleidomastoid muscle}}, the {{c2::trapezius muscle}}, and the {{c1:…
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The carotid sheath is contained in the {{c1::anterior}} neck triangle
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The accessory nerve is contained in the {{c1::posterior}} neck triangle
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The brachial plexus is contained in the {{c1::posterior}} neck triangle
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The {{c1::parotid}} salivary glands secrete mostly serous fluid
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The {{c1::sublingual}} salivary glands secrete mostly mucinous fluid
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The {{c1::submandibular}} salivary glands secrete 50/50 serous/mucinous fluid
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The false vocal cords are {{c1::superior}} to the true vocal cords(superior or inferior)
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The trachea has U-shaped cartilage rings where the {{c1::posterior}} portion is membranous(anterior or posterior)
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Between the internal jugular vein and carotid artery lies the {{c1::vagus nerve}}
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The phrenic nerve runs on top of the {{c1::anterior}} scalene muscle
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The long thoracic nerve runs posterior to the {{c1::middle}} scalene muscle
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The {{c1::marginal mandibular}} nerve comes off cranial nerve 7 and gives fibers to the corner of the mouth
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The stylopharyngeus muscle is innervated by the {{c1::glossopharyngeal}} nerve
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The tongue deviates {{c1::towards}} the side of the defect in hypoglossal nerve injury(towards or away from)
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The cricothyroid muscle is innervated by the {{c1::superior laryngeal}} nerve
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Injury of the auriculotemporal nerve that cross-innervates with sympthatic sweat gland fibers is called {{c1::Frey's}} syndrome
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The branches of the thyrocervical trunk can be remembered with STAT{{c1::Suprascapular}} artery{{c2::Transverse cervical}} artery{{c3::Ascending …
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The vascular pedicle for a trapezius flap is derived from the {{c1::transverse cervical}} artery
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The vascular pedicle for a pectoralis major flap is derived from either the {{c1::thoracoacromial}} artery or {{c2::inte…
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A congenital bony mass on the upper palate of the mouth is known as {{c1::torus palatinus}}
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A congenital bony mass on the lingual surface of the mandible is known as {{c1::torus mandibularis}}
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The muscle removed during a modified radical neck dissection (MRND) is the {{c1::omohyoid}} muscle
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The salivary gland removed during a modified radical neck dissection (MRND) is the {{c1::submandibular}} gland
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A modified radical neck dissection (MRND) involves removal of the sensory nerves {{c1::C2}}-{{c1::C5}}
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A modified radical neck dissection (MRND) involves removal of the {{c1::cervical branch}} of the facial nerve
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A modified radical neck dissection (MRND) involves removal of the ipsilateral {{c1::thyroid}} lobe
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A radical neck dissection (RND) additionally involves removal of the {{c1::accessory}} nerve
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A radical neck dissection (RND) additionally involves removal of the {{c1::sternocleidomastoid}} muscle
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A radical neck dissection (RND) additionally involves removal of the {{c1::internal jugular}} vein
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The most morbidity that occurs during a radical neck dissection (RND) is due to the {{c1::accessory nerve}} resection
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Chemotherapy for ENT cancers is typically {{c2::5-fluorouracil}} and {{c1::cisplatin}}
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Submental and submandibular lymph nodes in the neck are level {{c1::1}}
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The upper internal jugular (deep cervical) chain lymph nodes in the neck are level {{c1::2}}
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The middle internal jugular (deep cervical) chain lymph nodes in the neck are level {{c1::3}}
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The lower internal jugular (deep cervical) chain lymph nodes in the neck are level {{c1::4}}
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The posterior triangle lymph nodes in the neck are level {{c1::5}}
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The central (anterior) compartment lymph nodes in the neck are level {{c1::6}}
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The superior mediastinal lymph nodes in the neck are level {{c1::7}}
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Both radical and modified radical neck dissections remove neck lymph node levels {{c1::1}}-{{c1::5}}
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The most common type of cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx is {{c1::squamous cell carcinoma}}
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Erythroplakia ia considered {{c1::more}} premalignant than leukoplakia(more or less)
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The most common site for oral cavity cancer is the {{c1::lower lip}}
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The oral cavity cancer with the lowest survival rate is tumors on the {{c1::hard palate}}
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Patients with Plummer-Vinson syndrome have a(n) {{c1::increased}} risk of oral cavity cancer(increased or decreased)
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A modified radical neck dissection (MRND) is required for oral cavity cancers that are greater than {{c1::4}} cm in size
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Lip cancers along the {{c1::commissure}} tend to be the most aggressive
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Tongue cancer with jaw invasion can be operated on with the {{c1::commando}} procedure
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A type of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma that can be found on the cheek is known as a(n) {{c1::verrucous}} ulcer
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Are verrucous ulcers on the cheek treated with lymph node dissection?{{c1::No}}
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Cancer of the maxillary sinus is treated with {{c1::maxillectomy}}
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The best way to biopsy tonsillar carcinoma is to perform {{c1::tonsillectomy}}
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Nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma tends to go to {{c1::posterior}} cervical neck nodes(anterior or posterior)
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The treatment for nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is {{c1::XRT}}
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The number 1 tumor of the nasopharynx in children is {{c1::lymphoma}}
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The most common benign neoplasm of the nose and paranasal sinuses is {{c1::papilloma}}
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Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma tends to go to {{c1::posterior}} cervical neck nodes(anterior or posterior)
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Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is treated with XRT if less than {{c1::4}} cm in size
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Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma tends to go to {{c1::anterior}} cervical neck nodes(anterior or posterior)
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Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is treated with XRT if less than {{c1::4}} cm in size
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The treatment of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is angioembolization of the {{c1::internal maxillary}} artery, followed by resection
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The treatment for laryngeal cancer is {{c1::XRT}} if only the vocal cord is involved
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The treatment for laryngeal cancer is {{c1::chemo-XRT}} if beyond the vocal cord
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In treating laryngeal cancer, try to preserve the {{c1::larynx}}
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The most common benign lesion of the larynx is a(n) {{c1::papilloma}}
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A mass in a large salivary gland is more likely to be {{c1::benign}}(benign or malignant)
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A mass in a small salivary gland is more likely to be {{c1::malignant}}(benign or malignant)
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The most frequent site for a malignant salivary gland tumor is the {{c1::parotid}} gland
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Pre-auricular masses are suspicious for {{c1::parotid}} tumors
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Pre-auricular masses are diagnosed with {{c1::superficial parotidectomy}}
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Malignant salivary gland tumors tend to metastasize to the {{c1::lung}}
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The most common malignant tumor of the salivary glands is {{c1::mucoepidermoid carcinoma}}
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The second most common malignant tumor of the salivary glands is {{c1::adenoid cystic carcinoma}}
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Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands has the propensity to invade {{c1::nerve roots}}
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The treatment for mucoepidermoid and adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands involves {{c1::resection}} of involved gland, prophylactic {…
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During parotidectomy, try to preserve the {{c1::facial}} nerve
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The most common benign tumor of the salivary glands is {{c1::pleomorphic adenoma}}
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The second most common benign tumor of the salivary glands is {{c1::Warthin's tumor}}
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The treatment for pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin's tumor is {{c1::superficial parotidectomy}}
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Warthin's tumor is more common in {{c1::males::gender}}
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The most commonly injured nerve with parotid surgery is the {{c1::greater auricular}} nerve
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The most commonly injured nerve with submandibular gland resection is the {{c1::marginal mandibular}} nerve
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The most common salivary gland tumor in children is a(n) {{c1::hemangioma}}
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Pinna lacerations of the ear require suture repair of the skin and {{c1::cartilage}}
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Outer ear infections require early antibiotic treatment to avoid cartilage {{c1::necrosis}}
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Cauliflower ear is due to undrained {{c1::hematomas}} that organize and calcify
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An epidermal inclusion cyst of the ear is also known as a(n) {{c1::cholesteatoma}}
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A vascular tumor (paraganglioma) that arises from chemoreceptor tissue is a(n) {{c1::chemodectoma}}
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Acoustic neuromas arise from cranial nerve {{c1::8}}
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20% of ear squamous cell carcinoma metastasizes to the {{c1::parotid gland}}
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The most common childhood malignancy of the middle or external ear is {{c1::rhabdomyosarcoma}}
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Nasal fractures can be set after the {{c1::swelling}} decreases
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Septal hematomas require drainage to avoid septal infection and {{c1::necrosis}}
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CSF rhinorrhea is typically due to a fracture in the {{c1::cribriform plate}}
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An inflammatory cyst at the root of the teeth is known as a(n) {{c1::radicular}} cyst
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A slow-growing malignancy of odontogenic epithelium is known as a(n) {{c1::ameloblastoma}}
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Osteogenic sarcoma of the neck and jaw has a(n) {{c1::poor}} prognosis
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Most maxillary jaw fractures are treated with {{c1::wire fixation}}
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Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocations are treated with {{c1::closed reduction}}
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Lower lip numbness is typically due to damage to the {{c1::inferior alveolar}} nerve
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The duct of the parotid gland is also known as {{c1::Stensen's}} duct
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Stensen's duct laceration is treated with repair over {{c1::catheter stent}}
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The most common organism involved in suppurative parotitis is {{c1::Staphylococcus aureus}}
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Suppurative parotitis usually occurs in elderly patients and is typically due to {{c1::dehydration}}
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80% of the time, sialodenitis affects the {{c1::submandibular}} or {{c1::sublingual}} salivary glands
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Peritonsillar abscesses tend to occur in kids {{c1::older}} than 10 years of age(younger or older)
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Retropharyngeal abscesses tend to occur in kids {{c1::younger}} than 10 years of age(younger or older)
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Do peritonsillar abscesses usually obstruct the airway?{{c1::No}}
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Do retropharyngeal abscesses usually obstruct the airway?{{c1::Yes}}
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Retropharyngeal abscesses can occur in elderly patients who have {{c1::Pott}} disease
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Peritonsillar abscesses are treated with drainage through the {{c1::tonsillar bed}}
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Retropharyngeal abscesses are treated with drainage through the {{c1::posterior pharyngeal wall}}
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Parapharyngeal abscesses tend to occur following tonsillitis, pharyngitis, or {{c1::dental infections}}
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The major morbidity from parapharyngeal abscesses is due to vascular invasion and {{c1::mediastinal}} spread
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Parapharyngeal abscesses are treated with drainage through the {{c1::lateral neck}}
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An acute infection of the floor of the mouth involving the {{c2::mylohyoid}} muscle is known as {{c1::Ludwig's angina}}
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The most common cause of Ludwig's angina is {{c1::dental infection}}
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The best test for diagnosing asymptomatic head and neck masses is {{c1::fine needle aspiration}}
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If initial workup (FNA) is nondiagnostic for asymptomatic head and neck masses, {{c2::panendoscopy}} and {{c1::CT scan}} can be performed
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Posterior neck masses with no obvious epithelial tumor are highly suspicious for {{c1::lymphoma}}
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Malignant head and neck tumors most commonly metastasize to the {{c1::lung}}
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Finding epidermoid squamous cell carcinoma in a cervical node without known primary is evaluated with {{c1::panendoscopy}} (1st) and {{c2::CT sca…
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The most common location for an occult head/neck tumor is the {{c1::ipsilateral tonsil}}
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Most (95%) esophageal foreign bodies are found just below the {{c1::cricopharyngeus}}
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Esophageal foreign bodies are diagnosed and treated with {{c1::rigid EGD}}
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Fever and pain after an EGD for foreign body removal is evaluated with {{c1::swallow studies}}
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The last resort treatment for a laryngeal foreign body is {{c1::emergent cricothyroidotomy}}
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The best surgical solution for sleep apnea is {{c1::uvulopalatopharyngoplasty}}
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Prolonged intubation can lead to {{c1::subglottic}} stenosis
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Tracheostomy should be considered in patients who will require intubation for greater than {{c1::7}} days
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A smooth area on the central tongue due to atrophy of the filiform papillae is known as {{c1::median rhomboid glossitis}}
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Cleft lip is typically repaired at {{c1::10 weeks}} of age
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Cleft palate is typically repaired at {{c1::12 months}} of age
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The most common benign head and neck tumor in adults is {{c1::hemangioma}}
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Mastoiditis tends to be a serious, rare complication of {{c1::acute otitis media}}
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Mastoiditis may require emergent {{c1::mastoidectomy}}
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Thumbprint sign on lateral neck X-ray is characteristic of {{c1::epiglottitis}}
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