Notes in 01QuantiMethandVariables

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Published	07/30/2024	In clinical research, the {{c1::exposure}} and {{c2::outcome}} variables are investigated.
Published	07/30/2024	The exposure variable is termed as the {{c1::independent}} variable.
Published	07/30/2024	The outcome variable is termed as the {{c1::dependent}} variable.
Published	07/30/2024	The {{c1::independent}} variable theoretically exerts an effect or has influence over the variable/event/phenomena under investigation.
Published	07/30/2024	The {{c1::dependent}} variable is theoretically affected by the independent variable.
Published	07/30/2024	The label of independent and dependent variables and the nature of their relationship are theoretical. The distinction is only based on the hypothesis…
Published	07/30/2024	Characteristics of clinical research:{{c1::Empirical::Results must be observable and documented}}{{c1::Critical::Each component is thoroughly evaluate…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Categorical::Type of measure}} or {{c1::Qualitative::term}} data have no numerical sense and cannot be subjected to mathematical …
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Nomial scale::scale}} contains the least amount of information because they only provide categories or classifications of each observation.
Published	07/30/2024	Labels for identification in a {{c1::nominal scale::scale}} must be {{c2::mutually exclusive::characteristic}}. Meaning, no object or person can be as…
Published	07/30/2024	Oldest classification for research methods (which often act as shorthand describe the types of data collected):1. {{c1::Qualitative}} type2. {{c1::Qua…
Published	07/30/2024	Rules for classifying a set of characteristics in a {{c1::nominal scale::scale}} are {{c2::exhaustive:: characteristic}}. Meaning, every subject …
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Qualitative::Quantitative/Qualitative}} research methods are more focused on data ascribing {{c2::quality}} to provide you the answer to the que…
Published	07/30/2024	For {{c1::nominal scales::scale}}, the only permissible mathematical operation for nominal scales is {{c2::counting the number of subje…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Quantitative::Quantitative/Qualitative}} research methods ascribe {{c2::numerical values}} that summarize an effect and state percentages or rat…
Published	07/30/2024	A/n {{c1::ordinal scale::scale}} allows one to put classifications in a sequence or order.
Published	07/30/2024	Quantitative research methods are a more valid approach than qualitative research methods.{{c1::F::T/F}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1:: Ordinal scales::scale}} do not represent quantity, but only the relative position within a distribution. Categories are ranked based on a …
Published	07/30/2024	Researchers still classify research methods into qualitative and quantitative types up to this day.{{c1::F::T/F}}
Published	07/30/2024	Ordinal scales are used for descriptive analyses only. {{c1::T::T/F}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Dichotomous scale}} is a type of nominal scale with only two categories.
Published	07/30/2024	Quantitative research often ascribes {{c1::deductive::deductive/inductive}} type of reasoning, as it starts with a theory or hypothesis of certain mec…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Continuous::Type of measure}} or ({{c1::Quantitative::term}}) data collected have numerical sense and can be directly used for ma…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Interval scales::scale}} have no true zero value. Wherein the zero reading {{c2::does not::does/does not}} imply an absence of measure…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Inductive}} reasoning starts from a specific observations to draw a general conclusion.
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Deductive}} reasoning starts from thinking of the bigger (general) concepts, then applying them to a specific observation to test whether t…
Published	07/30/2024	The actual values within any two interval scales are equivalent, therefore one can be directly transformed to another.  {{c1::F::T/F}}
Published	07/30/2024	The interpretation of data in qualitative research is {{c1::subjective::subjective/objective}} as they focus on how they weigh qualities from one…
Published	07/30/2024	The interpretation of data in quantitative research is {{c1::objective::subjective/objective}} as mathematical methods such as summation or averaging …
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Ratio scale::scale}} has a true zero value or an {{c2::empirical zero::characteristic}}, indicating that the thing observed is no…
Published	07/30/2024	Results of {{c1::qualitative::qualitative/quantitative}} research cannot stand alone by themselves. They must be interpreted based on the {{c2::contex…
Published	07/30/2024	Results of {{c1::quantitative::qualitative/quantitative}} research can be generalized. Because of the objective nature of the measures, the resul…
Published	07/30/2024	In a ratio scale negative values are impossible. {{c1::T::T/F}}
Published	07/30/2024	In ratio scales, all mathematical and statistical operations are permissible and data can be directly transformed from one scale to another.…
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Purposes{{c1::Qualitative::Qualitative/Quantitative}} research generates theory from observations, and is therefore orient…
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Purposes{{c1::Quantitative::Qualitative/Quantitative}} research tests theory through observations, and is oriented to…
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Procedures{{c1::Quantitative::Qualitative/Quantitative}} research uses predetermined research designs.
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Procedures{{c1::Quantitative::Qualitative/Quantitative}} research seperates data collection and analysis.
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Procedures{{c1::Qualitative::Qualitative/Quantitative}} research uses emergent research designs.
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Procedures{{c1::Qualitative::Qualitative/Quantitative}} research merges data collection and analysis.
Published	07/30/2024	NominalOrdinalIntervalRatio
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Purposes{{c1::Qualitative::Qualitative/Quantitative}} research emphasizes meanings and interpretation.
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Purposes{{c1::Qualitative::Qualitative/Quantitative}} research tries to understand others' perspectives.
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Purposes{{c1::Quantitative::Qualitative/Quantitative}} research results do not depend on beliefs.
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Purposes{{c1::Quantitative::Qualitative/Quantitative}} research emphasizes things that can be measured.
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:ProceduresResearchers doing {{c1::quantitative::qualitative/quantitative}} research are detached and distant from the data…
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:ProceduresResearchers doing {{c1::quantitative::qualitative/quantitative}} research are detached and distant from the data…
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:ProceduresThe {{c1::researcher}} is the research instrument in {{c2::qualitative::qualitative/quantitative}} research.
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Procedures{{c1::Quantitative::qualitative/quantitative}} research relies on standardized protocols.
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Procedures{{c1::Qualitative::Qualitative/Quantitative}} research uses a naturalistic approach.
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Procedures{{c1::Quantitative::Qualitative/Quantitative}} research uses experimental and statistical controls.
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Purposes{{c1::Qualitative::Qualitative/Quantitative}} research emphasizes specific depth and detail, while {{c1::quantitat…
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Purposes{{c1::Qualitative::Qualitative/Quantitative}} research analyzes holistic systems, while {{c1::quantitative::qualit…
Published	07/30/2024	Those that establish a relationship between variables (e.g. association, cause-effect)Those that evaluate the effect of one variable over another (e.g…
Published	07/30/2024	The two most important variables of concern in medical research are:1. {{c1::Exposures}}2. {{c1::Outcomes}}
Published	07/30/2024	The two types of {{c3::quantitative::quantitative/qualitative}} research approach are:1. {{c1::observational}} research2. {{c1::experimental}} researc…
Published	07/30/2024	The main difference between observational approach and experimental research is the {{c1::level of control of the investigator over one or more variab…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Observational::Observational/Experimental}} studies do not alter the exposure variable and makes use of exposures as they occur naturally, while…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Observational::Observational/Experimental}} studies can further be classified into:1. {{c2::Descriptive}} studies2. {{c2::Analytical}} studies
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Descriptive::Type of observational study}} studies aim to describe the occurrence of the exposure or the outcome.
Published	07/30/2024	Descriptive observational studies are the same with descriptive qualitative studies. {{c1::F::T/F}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Analytical}} design of observational study may also be referred as {{c1::quasi-experimental design}}.
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Randomized Control Trial}} is a study design under {{c2::experimental::type of observervational study}} studies.
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Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Experimental::Observational/Experimental}} studies control the levels of exposures and the whole environment where observation as to presence or…
Published	07/30/2024	Case reportCase seriesDescriptive cross-sectionalEcological
Published	07/30/2024	IntervalRatio
Published	07/30/2024	NominalOrdinal
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative research often ascribes {{c1::inductive::deductive/inductive}} type of reasoning, as it gathers information from key individuals and event…
Published	07/30/2024	Qualitative vs Quantitative:Procedures{{c1::Quantitative::Qualitative/Quantitative}} research works across a larger number of cases, while {{c1::quali…
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