Notes in 08 General

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Published 02/10/2024 {{c2::Early}} signs of Hyperkalaemia{{c1::[1] (Peaked T waves) [2] Serum K > 5.5 mmol/l}}
Published 02/10/2024 {{c2::Middle}} signs of Hyperkalaemia{{c1::[1] (Widened P waves, Lengthened PR segment then disappearance of P waves) [2] Serum K > 7 mmol/l}}
Published 02/10/2024 {{c2::Late}} signs of Hyperkalaemia{{c1::[1] (Prolonged QRS interval with bizzare QRS morphology) [2] Serum K > 7 mmol/l}}
Published 02/10/2024 {{c2::Final}} signs of Hyperkalaemia{{c1::[1] Cardiac arrest (Asystole or Ventricular fibrillation)}}
Published 02/10/2024 Benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) can cause {{c1::Bladder outflow obstruction (BOO)}}
Published 02/10/2024 Most effective treatment to reduce progression of Benign prostatic enlargement (BPE)Combination therapy of {{c1::alpha blockers e.g. Tamsulosin}} and …
Published 02/10/2024 Target of Alpha blockers{{c1::Smooth muscle of bladder neck (i.e. intrinsic urethral sphincter) and prostate innervated by sympathetic alpha-adre…
Published 02/10/2024 Action of Alpha blockers{{c1::Smooth muscle relaxation and antagonise the ‘dynamic’ element to prostatic obstruction}}
Published 02/10/2024 Action of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors{{c1::5a-reductase converts Testosterone to Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), so the drug inhibits this proce…
Published 02/10/2024 Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is characterised by {{c1::fibromuscular}} and {{c1::glandular hyperplasia}}
Published 02/10/2024 Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) predominantly affects McNeal's {{c1::transition}} zone
Published 02/10/2024 Progressive Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) may result in {{c1::Bladder Outflow Obstruction (BOO)}}
Published 02/10/2024 Treatment of Uncomplicated Benign prostatic obstruction (BPO)[1] {{c1::Watchful waiting and monitoring}}[2] {{c1::Medical (alpha blockers, 5-alpha red…
Published 02/10/2024 Main treatment of Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to Benign prostatic obstruction (BPO){{c1::Alpha blockers}}
Published 02/10/2024 Bladder outflow obstruction (BOO) can occur secondary to {{c1::kidney stones}} or {{c1::prostate enlargement}}
Published 02/10/2024 Complications of Bladder Outflow Obstruction (BOO)  {{c1::Progression of LUTS}} {{c1::Acute urinary retention (painful)}} {{c1::Chronic urin…
Published 02/10/2024 Treatment of Complicated Bladder Outflow Obstruction (BOO) {{c1::Surgical treatment (cystolitholapaxy and TURP) for patients with BPO and bladder ston…
Published 02/10/2024 Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) ‒ Voiding (Obstructive) symptoms {{c1::Hesitancy}} {{c1::Poor stream}} {{c1::Terminal dribbling}} {{c1::Incom…
Published 02/10/2024 Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) ‒ Storage (Irritative) symptoms {{c1::Frequency}} {{c1::Nocturia}} {{c1::Urgency +/- urge incontinence}}
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