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Invaders and Defenders Intro inflamm and innate
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11/16/2023
Classical pathway activated by ____
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Lectin pathway activated by _____
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Alternative pathway can be activated...
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2 Important major roles of complement:
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Innate immune recognition distinguishes between self and non-self using ______ and ______.
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_____ are required to stimulate adaptive immune responses to infection and vaccination
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What do NOD-like receptors (NLRs) do?
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NLRs signal through “___________” which activate caspases -----> Generate mature IL-1b
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NLRs signal through “inflammasomes” which activate ______ -----> Generate mature IL-1b
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Secreted IL-1b causes...
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______ is the alarm
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_____ is a transcription factor!– Leads to increased expression of proteins involved in acute inflammation (Cytokines, Adhesion molecules, Costimulato…
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Secretion of type I IFNs causes an _______ state.
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What triggers Interferon Regulatory Factor?
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What do IFNs do?
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Major Inflammatory Cytokines include:1.2.3.
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Local effect of inflammatory cytokines...
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Systemic effects of inflammatory cytokines...
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What is cachexia?
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Cytokine storm is caused by _____ or Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (____).
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__________ is characterized by toxic shock, and large-scale lymphocyte activation.
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These are symptoms of what?Vascular collapse, Disseminated intravascular coagulation, Severe metabolic disturbances
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Prostaglandins and leukotrienes are what?
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11/16/2023
Cyclooxygenase pathway makes...
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What lipid inflammatory mediator causes these symptoms?Vasodilation/vascular permeability; Inflammatory pain; Hyperalgesia; Fever
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Lipoxygenase pathway makes...
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_____ are lipid inflammatory mediators of allergic rx & inflammation
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Chemokines == ______ Cytokines
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_____ are turned on by PRR activation and by inflammatory cytokines. They also form chemotactic gradients, lead immune cells & WBCs to sites of in…
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11/16/2023
What are the two chemokines you need to know and what do they do?
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IL-8
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Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein -
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What tools do macrophages use to kill bacteria?
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________ repair damaged tissues by stimulating angiogenesis & fibrosis
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Production of antimicrobial peptides - Human Neutrophil Peptides (HNPs)/α-defensins
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Neutrophils, monocytes --> macrophases, NK cells, eosinophils, basophils
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Kill infected cells and activate macrophages to destroy phagocytosed microbes
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___ express Perforin to make holes in target cell membrane
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NK Cells express ____ to stimulate Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC)
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•Specialized to fight parasitic infections •Active in allergic responses
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Infiltrate sites of allergic inflammation, release mediators & cytokines
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PMNs == ________
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