Notes in A. HOW MICROORGANISMS CAUSE DISEASE

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Published	12/09/2024	{{c1::Vertical}} Transmission : Transmission from mother to fetus or newborn child
Published	12/09/2024	{{c1::Placental-fetal}} transmission → Most likely to occur when the mother becomes infected with a pathogen during pregnancy
Published	12/09/2024	{{c1::Rubella virus}} infection during the {{c2::first}} trimester can lead to heart malformations, intellectual disability, cataracts, or deafne…
Published	12/09/2024	{{c1::Rubella virus}} infection during the {{c2::third}} trimester has little effect
Published	12/09/2024	{{c1::Transmission during birth}} : caused by contact with infectious agents during passage through the birth canal
Published	12/09/2024	Examples of infections transmitted during birth (2): {{c1::Gonococcal}} and {{c1::Chlamydial conjunctivitis}}
Published	12/09/2024	Postnatal transmission in {{c1::maternal milk}} → Can transmit {{c2::cytomegalovirus (CMV)}}, {{c2::human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)}}, an…
Published	12/09/2024	Organisms that disseminate often travel through the {{c1::lymphatics}} to {{c1::regional lymph nodes}}, to reach the bloodstream
Published	12/09/2024	{{c1::Rabies virus}}, {{c1::poliovirus}}, and {{c1::varicella-zoster virus}} → Spread to the central nervous system (CNS) by infecting perip…
Published	12/09/2024	Most common and efficient mode of microbial dissemination? {{c1::Through the bloodstream}}
Published	12/09/2024	Release from the body and transmission of microbes Microbes use a variety of exit strategies to ensure their transmission Release may be accomplished …
Published	12/09/2024	{{c1::Saliva}} is responsible for transmitting viruses that replicate in the {{c2::salivary glands}} or the {{c2::oropharynx}} (e.g., {{c3::EBV}})
Published	12/09/2024	{{c1::Protozoa}} spread through {{c2::blood meals}} taken by {{c3::arthropod vectors (mosquitoes, ticks, mites)}}
Published	12/09/2024	{{c1::Zoonotic}} infections are those transmitted from animals to humans
Published	12/09/2024	T/FAll pathogenic organisms exhibit the same level of virulence. {{c1::False}}
Published	12/09/2024	T/FCommensal microbiota never cause infections. {{c1::False}}
Published	12/09/2024	T/FThe bloodstream is the most efficient way for microbes to spread throughout the body. {{c1::True}}
Published	12/09/2024	The ability of a pathogen to cause disease is called {{c1::virulence.}}
Published	12/09/2024	The spread of a disease from one person to another is called {{c1::transmission}}.
Published	12/09/2024	The most common source of human infections is {{c1::other people}}
Published	12/09/2024	Which of the following viruses spreads to the central nervous system (CNS) by infecting peripheral nerves and traveling along axons?A) HIVB) Influenza…
Published	12/09/2024	The most common and efficient mode of microbial dissemination is through: A) The respiratory tract B) The bloodstream C) The gastrointestinal tract D)…
Published	12/09/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.2065:top=.1015:width=.0974:height=.0345:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.3805:top=.1027:width=.2336:height=.031…
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