Notes in Joints of Lower Limb

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Published	11/30/2024	{{c1::hip}} joint, also called {{c1::acetabulofemoral}} joint, is the articulation between {{c2::Acetabulum of hip}} and {{c2::Head of the femur}…
Published	11/30/2024	Hip (acetabulofemoral) joint movements include{{c1::Abduction and adduction}}{{c1::flexion and extension}}{{c1::medial and lateral rotation}}
Published	11/30/2024	acetabulofemoral (hip) joint is a {{c1::synovial}} {{c1::ball and socket}} joint
Published	11/30/2024	{{c1::transverse tarsal}} joint is the articulation between {{c2::talus}}, {{c2::calcaneus}}, {{c2::cuboid}}, and {{c2::navicular}}
Published	11/30/2024	{{c1::subtalar}} joint is the articulation between {{c2::talus}} and {{c2::calcaneus}}
Published	11/30/2024	{{c1::talocrural (ankle)}} joint is the articulation between {{c2::malleoli of tibia}}, {{c2::malleoli of fibula}}, and {{c2::trochlea of tarsus}}
Published	11/30/2024	{{c1::knee}} joint is the articulation between {{c2::femur}}, {{c2::patella}}, and {{c2::tibia}}
Published	11/30/2024	transverse tarsal joint is a {{c1::synovial}} {{c1::compound}} joint
Published	11/30/2024	subtalar joint is a {{c1::synovial}} {{c1::gliding}} joint
Published	11/30/2024	ankle joint is a {{c1::synovial}} {{c1::hinge}} joint
Published	11/30/2024	knee joint is a {{c1::synovial}} {{c1::modified hinge}} joint
Published	11/30/2024	transverse tarsal joint movements include- {{c1::primary site of rotation component of eversion/inversion}}
Published	11/30/2024	subtalar joint movements include- {{c1::Inversion/eversion}}
Published	11/30/2024	ankle joint movements include- {{c1::dorsiflexion/plantarflexion}}- {{c1::lateral and medial rotation}}- {{c1::inversion and eversion}}
Published	11/30/2024	knee joint movements include- {{c1::flexion/extension}}- {{c1::limited lateral and medial rotation}}
Published	11/30/2024	ankle joint ligaments include- {{c1::deltoid ligament}}- {{c1::anterior talofibular ligament}}- {{c1::calcaneofibular ligament}}- {{c1::posterior talo…
Published	11/30/2024	knee joint ligaments include- {{c1::patellar ligament}}- {{c1::posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)}}- {{c1::anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)}}…
Published	11/30/2024	Lateral meniscus is {{c1::smaller::larger/smaller}} than the medial meniscus in the knee joint
Published	11/30/2024	Deltoid ligament is an ankle joint ligament and attaches from {{c1::medial malleolus of tibia}} to {{c1::talus, calcaneus, and navicular}}. Purpose is…
Published	11/30/2024	Anterior talofibular ligament is an ankle joint ligament and attaches from {{c1::lateral malleolus of fibula}} to {{c1::neck of the talus}}. Purpose i…
Published	11/30/2024	Calcaneofibular ligament is an ankle joint ligament and attaches from {{c1::lateral malleolus of fibula}} to {{c1::lateral calcaneus}}. Purpose is to&…
Published	11/30/2024	Posterior talofibular ligament is an ankle joint ligament and attaches from {{c1::lateral malleolus of fibula}} to {{c1::posterolateral talus}}. …
Published	11/30/2024	Patellar ligament is a knee joint ligament and attaches from {{c1::inferior patella}} to {{c1::tibial tuberosity}}. Purpose is to {{c2::prov…
Published	11/30/2024	Medial tibial collateral ligament is a knee joint ligament and attaches from {{c1::medial epicondyle of femur}} to {{c1::medial surface of proxim…
Published	11/30/2024	Lateral (Fibular) collateral ligament ligament is a knee joint ligament and attaches from {{c1::lateral epicondyle of femur}} to {{c1::head of fi…
Published	11/30/2024	Anterior cruciate ligament is a knee joint ligament and attaches from {{c1::internal surface of lateral condyle of femur}} to {{c1::anterior inte…
Published	11/30/2024	Posterior cruciate ligament is a knee joint ligament and attaches from {{c1::internal surface of medial condyle of femur}} to {{c1::posterior int…
Published	11/30/2024	Hip joint socket is deepened by {{c1::fibrocartilaginous acetabular labrum}}
Published	11/30/2024	Hip joint ligaments primarily distally attach to {{c1::intertrochanteric line}}
Published	11/30/2024	Hip joint ligaments include- {{c1::Iliofemoral ligament}}- {{c1::Pubofemoral ligament}}- {{c1::Ischiofemoral ligament}}- {{c1::Lig…
Published	11/30/2024	Hip fracture most often involves {{c1::proximal femur}}
Published	11/30/2024	If hip fracture results in blood supply interruption, it can cause {{c1::avascular necrosis of femoral head}}
Published	11/30/2024	Iliofemoral ligament of hip joint purpose: {{c1::resist hyperextension}}
Published	11/30/2024	Pubofemoral ligament of hip joint purpose: {{c1::resist hyperabduction}}
Published	11/30/2024	Ischiofemoral ligament of hip joint purpose: {{c1::resist excessive medial rotation and adduction}}
Published	11/30/2024	Iliofemoral ligament attaches from {{c1::between the anterior inferior iliac spine and the acetabular rim}} to {{c1::intertrochanteric line}…
Published	11/30/2024	Pubofemoral ligament attaches from {{c1::attaches to the iliopubic ramus, superior pubic ramus, obturator crest and obturator membrane}} to …
Published	11/30/2024	Ischiofemoral ligament attaches from {{c1::posterior surface of the acetabular rim and labrum}} to {{c1::intertrochanteric line}}
Published	11/30/2024	Ligament of the head of the femur purpose:- {{c1::Convey small branch of obturator artery into head of femur}}
Published	11/30/2024	The hip joint is least stable when it is {{c1::flexed::action}} because {{c1::extracapsular ligaments are slack}}
Published	11/30/2024	{{c1::Posterior}} dislocation is the most common hip dislocation
Published	11/30/2024	Posterior hip dislocation can effect: {{c1::sciatic}} nerve
Published	11/30/2024	Anterior dislocation of hip can impact {{c1::femoral neurovasculature}}
Published	11/30/2024	An impact on a flexed and abducted thigh is likely to result in an {{c1::anterior}} dislocation
Published	11/30/2024	An impact on flexed thigh through to the knee is likely to result in an {{c1::posterior}} dislocation of the hip
Published	11/30/2024	{{c1::fibrous::composition}} knee joint capsule is lined with {{c2::synovial membrane::structure}}
Published	11/30/2024	Femoral and tibial condyles separated by {{c1::fibrocartilage menisci}}
Published	11/30/2024	Patella articulates against both {{c1::femoral condyles::bony structure}} during {{c1::flexion/extension::action}}
Published	11/30/2024	{{c1::Medial meniscus}} sits on {{c2::medial condyle of tibia}}
Published	11/30/2024	{{c1::Lateral meniscus}} sits on {{c2::Lateral condyle of tibia}}.
Published	11/30/2024	Purpose of medial and lateral meniscus: {{c1::absorb force and prevent direct contact between femur and tibia}}
Published	11/30/2024	Shape of condyles directs femur to {{c1::rotate slightly medially::movement}} during {{c2::full extension::movement}} of knee
Published	11/30/2024	Most stable position of knee joint is {{c1::fully extended}}
Published	11/30/2024	{{c1::popliteus}} muscle must {{c2::laterally rotate femur on tibia initiating flexion}} in order to "unlock" knee
Published	11/30/2024	Knee joint bursae include- {{c1::Suprapatellar bursa}}- {{c1::Prepatellar bursa}}
Published	11/30/2024	Bursa inflamed by repeated trauma of the knee: {{c1::prepatellar bursa}}
Published	11/30/2024	Knee bursa from which infection can spread to rest of knee: {{c1::suprapatellar bursa}}
Published	11/30/2024	Knee bursa from which there is significantly reduced risk for infection to spread to rest of knee: {{c1::prepatellar bursa}}
Published	11/30/2024	The most commonly damaged ankle joint ligament is {{c1::anterior talofibular ligament}} because {{c1::there is a greater range of motion for…
Published	11/30/2024	Ligaments on {{c1::plantar}} foot support arches and resist transfer force during walking
Published	11/30/2024	Plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament attaches from {{c1::sustentaculum tali of calcaneus}} to {{c1::navicular}}. Purpose is to {…
Published	11/30/2024	{{c1::Plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) joint}} is the keystone of the {{c2::longitudinal}} arch
Published	11/30/2024	Long plantar ligament attaches from {{c1::calcaneus}} to {{c1::metatarsals II-V}}. Purpose is to {{c1::help support longitudinal arch}}
Published	11/30/2024	Short plantar (calcaneocuboid) ligament attaches from {{c1::calcaneus}} to {{c1::cuboid}}. Purpose is to {{c2::help support longit…
Published	11/30/2024	Arches of the foot:- {{c1::Medial longitudinal arch}}- {{c1::Lateral longitudinal arch}}- {{c1::Transverse arch}}
Published	11/30/2024	{{c2::Medial longitudinal}} arch occurs along {{c1::instep (medial) margin of foot}}
Published	11/30/2024	{{c2::Lateral longitudinal}} arch occurs along {{c1::lateral tarsal and metatarsals}}
Published	11/30/2024	{{c2::Transverse}} arch occurs along {{c1::the midfoot and forefoot}}
Published	11/30/2024	Medial and lateral longitudinal arches are supported by- {{c1::calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament}}- {{c1::long plantar ligament}}- {{…
Published	11/30/2024	Transverse arch is supported by:- {{c1::transverse head of adductor hallucis}}- {{c1::fibularis longus}}
Published	11/30/2024	Fallen arches are also called {{c1::flat feet}}
Published	11/30/2024	Flat feet sources:- {{c1::congenital}}- {{c1::acquired (mechanical failure of support structures)}}
Published	11/30/2024	{{c1::subtalar}} joint permits remainder of foot to invert/evert while talus is locked in ankle mortise
Published	11/30/2024	Ankle mortise components:- {{c1::articular facet of lateral malleolus}}- {{c1::inferior articulating surface of tibia}}- {{c1::articula…
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