Notes in Histology::Smooth and Cardiac Muscle

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	09/10/2024	Inherent contractility—{{c1::rhythmic, wave-like contractions independent ofneurological stimulation. Smooth Mm has this. Can respond to local changes…
Published	09/10/2024	Smooth Mm • Fiber size: {{c1::~2-5µm in diameter & 2-200 µm long;}}• Nucleus: {{c1::single, central nucleus}}smaller than {{c1::skeletal}} Mm
Published	09/10/2024	Smooth Mm fibers specialized for {{c1::prolonged contractions with low force::what kind of contraction}}
Published	09/10/2024	In smooth Mm, Actin & myosin filaments in {{c1::~15:1}} ratio, randomly {{c1::arranged::how are they arranged}}
Published	09/10/2024	In smooth Mm, myofilaments arranged into sarcomeres{{c1::False::True/False}}
Published	09/10/2024	wrt smooth Mm, Dense bodies: {{c1::intracytoplasmic structures functionally equivalent to Z-discs, provide attachment for actin}}
Published	09/10/2024	Smooth Mm relies on {{c1::diffusion of extracellular Ca}} for contraction for contraction
Published	09/10/2024	Smooth Mm utilizes {{c1::calmodulin}} to control myosin binding
Published	09/10/2024	Smooth Mm influenced by:{{c1::- Autonomic nervous system- Hormones- Local metabolites}}
Published	09/10/2024	Most smooth Mm has {{c1::dual sympathetic & parasympathetic}} innervation & is {{c1::involuntary::involuntary/voluntary}}
Published	09/10/2024	wrt gut smooth Mm:sympathetic stimulation → {{c1::inhibitory::excitatory/inhibitory}}parasympathetic stimulation → {{c1::excitatory::excitatory/i…
Published	09/10/2024	wrt smooth Mm,Single unit (= {{c1::tonic}} smooth Mm)—fibers contract {{c1::as a unit}}; e.g., {{c1::visceral sm Mm of gut; most common}}
Published	09/10/2024	wrt smooth Mm,Multi unit (= {{c1::phasic}} smooth Mm)—individual M fibers contract {{c1::independently}} e.g., {{c1::ciliary body of iris, erector pil…
Published	09/10/2024	Smooth Mm {{c1::retains::does not retain/retains}} ability to divide & repair itself following injury
Published	09/10/2024	Smooth Mm cells can develop from {{c1::- endothelial cells - pericytes of blood vessels- fibroblasts}}
Published	09/10/2024	pericardium: {{c1::fibrous connective tissue in sac-like form, surrounds heart}}
Published	09/10/2024	Pericardium layers:{{c1::outer fibrous, connective tissue layerinner serous layer (continuous with epicardium) containing mesothelial cells}}
Published	09/10/2024	Pericardium contains {{c1::pericardial fluid}} for lubrication
Published	09/10/2024	Heart itself contains {{c1::3::#}} layers: {{c1::epicardium, myocardium, & endocardium}}
Published	09/10/2024	Cardiac M itself thicker in {{c1::ventricles}} than {{c1::atria}}
Published	09/10/2024	Cardiac Mm intermediate between {{c1::skeletal & smooth Mm}} both {{c1::structurally & functionally}}
Published	09/10/2024	Cardiac myocytes have {{c1::one centrally located}} nucleus/nuclei
Published	09/10/2024	Cardiac Mm fibers {{c1::striated::not striated/striated}}, {{c1::involuntary(i.e., under autonomic control)::involuntary/voluntary }}
Published	09/10/2024	Cardiac Mm has {{c1::diad::diad/triad}}
Published	09/10/2024	wrt cardiac Mm, diad composed of: {{c1::one T-tubule & one cisterna of ER, located at Z-disc(skeletal Mm has a triad, 2 cisternae/ T-tubule)}}
Published	09/10/2024	inherent automaticity: {{c1::heart's ability to generate electrical impulses and contract rhythmically without external stimulation }}
Published	09/10/2024	intercalated discs: {{c1::enhance spread of contractile stimulus between cells & allow synchronous contractions}}
Published	09/10/2024	intercalated discs made up of {{c1::cell junctions:desmosomes (macula adherens)adherent junctions (fascia adherens)gap junctions::what and such as?}}
Published	09/10/2024	Cardiac conduction Conduction system of heart consists of: {{c1::• SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, & Purkinje fibers::nodes etc}}
Status	Last Update	Fields