Notes in 8.26

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Neurons}} consist of {{c2::cell body, dendrites, and axon}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Synapses}} form {{c2::connections between neurons}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Neuron polarity}} is important as it enables the {{c2::building of circuits that have a flow of information}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Glia}} form {{c2::myelin}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Schwann cells}} are present in the {{c2::PNS}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Oligodendrocytes}} are present in the {{c2::CNS}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Myelin}} is a mix of {{c2::fats, water, and protein}}
Published	09/04/2024	Four functional neuron components: {{c1::input component, integrative, conductile, and presynaptic terminal}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Extracellular}} space has high {{c2::Na+ and Cl-}} concentrations
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Intracellular}} space has {{c2::high K+ and organic anion}} concentrations
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::At rest}}, only {{c2::K+}} can move across the membrane
Published	09/04/2024	The resting membrane potential is due to {{c1::concentration and electrical gradients}} and {{c1::an active Na+/K+ ATPase pump}}
Published	09/04/2024	A {{c1::slight}} change in the membrane voltage opens {{c2::Na+ channels}}
Published	09/04/2024	During {{c1::an action potential}}, {{c2::Na+ enters through voltage gated Na+ channels}} then {{c2::K+ rushes out}}
Published	09/04/2024	Release of neurotransmitter occurs through {{c1::exocytosis}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Ionotropic}} – {{c2::direct and fast}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Metabatropic}} – {{c2::indirect and slow}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Nuclei}}: {{c2::groups of functionally related cells usually recognized by a cluster of cell bodies in CNS}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Layer (lamina)}}: {{c2::groups of functionally related cells forming layers}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Tract (fasciculus)}}: {{c2::bundle of axons in CNS}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Funiculus (“cable”)}}: {{c2::groups of tracts}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Ganglion}}: {{c2::group of nerve cell bodies in PNS}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Monosynaptic Reflex Arcs}}: {{c2::connection between two neurons}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Reflexes}} are {{c2::involuntary motor responses to sensory stimuli}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Parallel Processing}}: there are {{c2::distinct parallel pathways for each sub-modality}}
Published	09/04/2024	The {{c1::molecular structure}} of a channel limits {{c2::which ions fir through the pore}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::S4 subunit}} reacts to {{c2::transmembrane electric field and opens/closes in response}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Na+ and Ca2+}} are {{c2::excitatory}} ions
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::K+ and Cl-}} are {{c2::inhibitory}} ions
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Increased axonal fiber diameter}} and {{c1::myelination}} increase {{c2::axonal conduction velocity}}
Published	09/04/2024	{{c1::Myelin}} reduces {{c2::membrane capacitance}} and increases {{c2::membrane resistance}} by {{c2::increasing membrane thickness}}
Published	09/04/2024	The {{c1::axon hillock}} is the {{c2::common site}} of {{c2::integration from many dendrites}}
Status	Last Update	Fields