Notes in Pathology

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Published 11/05/2024 Diffuse pulmonary disease is either {{c1::obstructive lung disease}} or {{c1::Restrictive lung disease}}
Published 11/05/2024 characteristic features of obstructive lung diease
Published 11/05/2024 characteristic features of restrictive lung disease
Published 11/05/2024 in {{c1::obstructive lung}} disease there is diminished maximal airflow rate during forced expiration
Published 11/05/2024 chronic obstructive lung disease is either {{c1::chronic bronchitis}} or {{c1::empysema}}
Published 11/05/2024 causes of obstructive lung disease
Published 11/05/2024 causes of restrictive lung diseases
Published 11/05/2024 example of acute interstitial lung diseases
Published 11/05/2024 example of chronic interstitial lung diseases
Published 11/05/2024 example of extrapulmonary disorders that cause restrictive lung disease
Published 11/05/2024 chronic bronchitis and emphysema can coexist to be called {{c1::chronic obstricitve pulmonary disease (COPD)}}
Published 11/05/2024 Define Chronic bronchitis
Published 11/05/2024 irritants that cause Chronic bronchitis 
Published 11/05/2024 pathogenesis of Chronic bronchitis 
Published 11/05/2024 cause of Mucus hypersecretion in Chronic bronchitis 
Published 11/05/2024 how smoking effects Mucus hypersecretion in Chronic bronchitis 
Published 11/05/2024 Mucus hypersecretion in Chronic bronchitis predisposes to {{c1::infection}}
Published 11/05/2024 cause of inflammation of chronic bronchitis
Published 11/05/2024 inflammation in chronic bronchitis occurs in {{c1::small (small bronchi & bronchioles))}} (size&type) airways
Published 11/05/2024 infiltrate in inflammation of chronic bronchitis
Published 11/05/2024 cause of infection in chronic bronchitis
Published 11/05/2024 gross morphology of chronic bronchitis
Published 11/05/2024 microscopic morphology of chronic bronchitis
Published 11/05/2024 how is mucus glands hyperplasia in submucosal assessed?
Published 11/05/2024 normal reid index
Published 11/05/2024 define reid index
Published 11/05/2024 chronic bronchiolitis (small airway disease) is characterized by {{c1::goblet cell metaplasia}}, {{c1::mucus plugging}}, {{c1::inflammation}}, {{c1::f…
Published 11/05/2024 {{c1::submucosal fibrosis}} in chronic bronchilitis is leads to luminal narrowing
Published 11/05/2024 {{c1::emphysema}} and chronic bronchilitis can coexist
Published 11/05/2024 clinical features of chronic bronchitis
Published 11/05/2024 define empysema
Published 11/05/2024 define respiratory acinus
Published 11/05/2024 define lung lobule
Published 11/05/2024 emphysema occurs in the {{c1::respiratory acinus}} (unit of the lung) are affected
Published 11/05/2024 types of emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 site of respiratory acinus affected in centriacinar emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 site of respiratory acinus affected in panacinar emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 site of respiratory acinus affected in paraseptal emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 site of respiratory acinus affected in irregular emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 common lobe affected in centriacinar emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 common lobe affected in panacinar emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 common lobe affected in paraseptal emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 associated conditions to centriacinar emphysema 
Published 11/05/2024 associated conditions to panacinar emphysema 
Published 11/05/2024 associated conditions to paraseptal emphysema 
Published 11/05/2024 associated conditions to irregular emphysema 
Published 11/05/2024 pathogenesis of emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 in emphysema, {{c1::epithelial cells}} and {{c1::macrophages}} released inflammatory mediators
Published 11/05/2024 in emphysema, {{c1::neutrophils}} and {{c1::lymphocytes}} are attracted by inflammatory mediators
Published 11/05/2024 in emphysema, inflammatory cells release {{c1::cytokines}} and {{c1::elastases}} that cause destruction of {{c2::intersitial connective tissue}}
Published 11/05/2024 how smoking increases effect of elastase in emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 causes of oxidative stress in in emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 why there is lack of repair in emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 expiration in emphysema results in {{c1::collapse of respiratory bronchioles}}
Published 11/05/2024 diagnosis of emphysema depends largely on {{c1::macroscopic appearance of the lung}}
Published 11/05/2024 gross morphology of panacinar emphysema 
Published 11/05/2024 gross morphology of centriacinar emphysema 
Published 11/05/2024 microscopic morphology of emphysema 
Published 11/05/2024 clinical features of emphysema patient 
Published 11/05/2024 emphysema patient are called "{{c1::pink puffers}}"
Published 11/05/2024 chronic bronchitis patient are called "{{c1::blue bloaters}}"
Published 11/05/2024 how does chronic bronchitis cause secondary pulmonary hypertension
Published 11/05/2024 how does emphysema cause secondary pulmonary hypertension
Published 11/05/2024 conditions related to emphysema but NOT emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 define compensatory emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 define obstructive over-inflation
Published 11/05/2024 define bullous emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 define mediatinal (interstitial) emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 cause of mediatinal (interstitial) emphysema
Published 11/05/2024 define bronchiestasis
Published 11/05/2024 bronchiestasis is associated with or results from {{c1::chronic necrotizing infection}}
Published 11/05/2024 is bronchoictasis a primary or a secondary disease? and why?
Published 11/05/2024 features of chronic interstitial lung diseases
Published 11/05/2024 common radiological findings in chronic interstitial lung diseases
Published 11/05/2024 advanced causes of chronic interstitial lung diseases develop {{c1::honey comb}} lung
Published 11/05/2024 chronic interstitial lung diseases can progress to {{c1::respiratory failure}}, {{c1::pulmonary hypertension}} and {{c1::cor pulmonale}}
Published 11/05/2024 define pneumoconiosis
Published 11/05/2024 types of pneumoconiosis
Published 11/05/2024 caner risk due to asbestos is either {{c1::occupational}} or {{c1::familial}} (risk factors)
Published 11/05/2024 lung reaction in pneumoconiosis depends on {{c1::size}} and {{c1::reactivity}} of particle
Published 11/05/2024 substances causing pneumoconniosis, {{c1::coal}} is inert while {{c1::silica}} and {{c1::asbestos}} are more reactive
Published 11/05/2024 large particles larger than {{c1::5}} to {{c1::10}} microns will not reach distal airspaces of lung
Published 11/05/2024 small particles {{c1::0.5}} microns will diffuse as gas through airsapces in lung
Published 11/05/2024 intermediate particles {{c1::1}} to {{c1::5}} microns will be entrapped in distal airspaces
Published 11/05/2024 pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis
Published 11/05/2024 diseases caused by coal inhalation
Published 11/05/2024 diseases caused by silica inhalation
Published 11/05/2024 diseases caused by asbestos inhalation
Published 11/05/2024 how are patients exposed to silica
Published 11/05/2024 how are patients exposed to asbestos
Published 11/05/2024 simple coal worker pneumoconiosis occurs in {{c1::upper}} lobes and {{c1::upper zone of lower}} lobes
Published 11/05/2024 appearance of simple coal worker pneumoconiosis in upper zone of lower lobes
Published 11/05/2024 effect on pulmonary function by simple coal worker pneumoconiosis 
Published 11/05/2024 define caplan syndrome
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