Notes in OG4.5 Infectious Diseases in Pregnancy

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Published	10/04/2024	Soft cheese → risk of {{c1::listeria}} infection
Published	10/04/2024	Raw eggs → risk of {{c1::salmonella}} infection
Published	10/04/2024	Meat or pate → risk of {{c1::toxoplasma}} or {{c1::listeria }} infection
Published	10/04/2024	Unwashed fruit → risk of {{c1::salmonella}} or {{c1::toxoplasma }} infection
Published	10/04/2024	IgM in fetus or early neonates → {{c1::fetal infection}}
Published	10/04/2024	{{c1::20}}% of women who are infected with rubella in the first trimester develop congenital rubella syndrome
Published	10/04/2024	Rubella diagnosis → {{c1::paired serology specimens::sample}}
Published	10/04/2024	Rubella can be cultured from {{c1::nasopharyngeal}} secretions
Published	10/04/2024	Fetal rubella infection can be confirmed by {{c1::cordocentesis}}
Published	10/04/2024	If a woman of reproductive age is not immune to rubella → {{c1::Vaccinate and don't conceive for 3 months::management}}
Published	10/04/2024	Most common cause of congenital infection → {{c1::CMV}}
Published	10/04/2024	Principle means of CMV transmission → {{c1::contact with young children's urine}}
Published	10/04/2024	How to diagnose maternal CMV? → {{c1::Culture of virus from urine}}, {{c1::Paired serology }}, {{c1::IgG avidity testing }}
Published	10/04/2024	Diagnosis of fetal CMV → {{c1::IgM via cordocentesis at weeks 21 - 23 }},{{c1::amniocentesis and PCR }}, {{c1::Features of co…
Published	10/04/2024	Neonatal chorioretinitis due to CMV → {{c1::ganciclovir::treatment}}
Published	10/04/2024	{{c1::33}}% of infants who's mothers get toxoplasmosis during pregnancy will be infected
Published	10/04/2024	↑ risk of congenital toxoplasmosis if the mother develops the illness during {{c1::3rd }} trimester
Published	10/04/2024	↑ severity of congenital toxoplasmosis if the mother develops the illness during {{c1::1st }} trimester
Published	10/04/2024	Congenital toxoplasmosis triad:- {{c1::Intracerebral calcifications }}- {{c1::Chorioretinitis }}- {{c1::Hydrocephalus }}
Published	10/04/2024	Maternal toxoplasmosis diagnosis → {{c1::serology}}
Published	10/04/2024	Diagnosis of fetal toxoplasmosis → {{c1::ultrasound }}, {{c1::PCR of amniotic fluid }}, and {{c1::fetal blood analysis v…
Published	10/04/2024	Materal toxoplasmosis seroconversion → prolonged course of {{c1::spiramycin::RX}}
Published	10/04/2024	To prevent toxoplasmosis → avoid {{c1::cats}} and {{c1::undercooked meat }}
Published	10/04/2024	Maternal history of parvovirus exposure → {{c1::IgG assay::next best step}}
Published	10/04/2024	Maternal history of parvovirus B19 and IgG + → {{c1::Reassurance}}
Published	10/04/2024	What happens if Period of parvovirus B19 exposure is unknown?{{c1::Baseline IgG level obtained, then repeated in 4 weeks}}
Published	10/04/2024	Maternal parvovirus infection confirmed → {{c1::sonographic fetal surveillance::next best step}}
Published	10/04/2024	VZV is infectious {{c1::48}}h before the rash starts
Published	10/04/2024	VZV has no risks between {{c1::20 - 36}} weeks gestation
Published	10/04/2024	Risk of VZV if infected at less than 20 weeks → {{c1::fetal varicella syndrome::dx}}
Published	10/04/2024	Varicella infection > 36 weeks → {{c1::varicella of the newborn::dx}}
Published	10/04/2024	How to diagnose VZV in fetus?:- {{c1::Ultrasound findings = limb deformity, microcephaly, hydrocephalus, soft tissue calcification, IUGR}}- …
Published	10/04/2024	Non immune mother gives history of significant vzv exposure → {{c1::VZIG::next best step}}
Published	10/04/2024	Oral aciclovir reduces the duration of VZV if given within {{c1::24 hours}}
Published	10/04/2024	Next best step if mother develops varicella at term → {{c1::delay delivery for 5 days}}
Published	10/04/2024	In mothers with HIV, offer {{c1::planned C-section::mode of delivery}} if viral load is > {{c2::400}}
Published	10/04/2024	In mothers with HIV, consider {{c1::planned C-section::mode of delivery}} if viral load is {{c2::50 - 399}}
Published	10/04/2024	For a woman with a CD4 count ≤ 200 → {{c1::HAART::next best step}}
Published	10/04/2024	For a woman with a CD4 count ≥ 300 → {{c1::HAART from 26 weeks to delivery::next best step}}
Published	10/04/2024	HAART drugs in pregnancy → {{c1::Zidovudine + Lamivudine (combivir) + nelfinavir}}
Published	10/04/2024	Indications for vaginal delivery in a patient with HIV:- {{c1::HAART for at least 4 weeks prior to delivery}}- {{c1::Viral load undetectable…
Published	10/04/2024	Zidovudine infusion is started {{c1::at the onset of labour}} if performing vaginal delivery
Published	10/04/2024	Zidovudin infusion is started {{c1::4 hours before}} if performing C-section delivery
Published	10/04/2024	HIV PCR positive within 72 hours of birth → {{c1::intrauterine infection::meaning}}
Published	10/04/2024	HIV PCR is taken from infants at {{c1::day 1}} and {{c1::week 2 }}
Published	10/04/2024	HIV PCR can diagnose HIV in neonates by {{c1::6 weeks old::age}}
Published	10/04/2024	Breast feeding {{c1::is not::is/is not}} contraindicated with HBV
Published	10/04/2024	Factors that increase risk of HBV transmission:- {{c1::↑ titre of HBsAG }}- {{c1::HBeAg + }}
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Published	10/04/2024	Neonates born to mothers with HBV recieve the first vaccine {{c1::at birth}}, the second at {{c1::1 month}} and the third at&…
Published	10/04/2024	Follow up after 3rd HBV vaccine → Measure {{c1::anti-HBs and anti-HBsAg::2}}
Published	10/04/2024	Treatment to prevent HCV vertical transmission → {{c1::None :)}}
Published	10/04/2024	Breast feeding {{c1::is not::is/is not}} contraindicated in women with HCV
Published	10/04/2024	Syphilis diagnosed during pregnancy → {{c1::Penicillin G IM x3 within 1 week::RX}}
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