Notes in 05 Gastrointestinal

To Subscribe, use this Key

Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: Gastrointestinal{{c1::Tc-99m Sulfur colloid::radiotracer}} is mainly taken up by {{c2::reticuloendothelial}} cells, which are fo…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m Sulfur colloid is also taken up by {{c1::Kupffer cells::not reticuloendothelial cells}} in the liver…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: Gastrointestinal{{c1::80-90}}% of Tc-99m Sulfur colloid particles are taken up by the {{c2::liver::liver/spleen/b…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: Gastrointestinal{{c1::10-20}}% of Tc-99m Sulfur colloid particles are taken up by the {{c2::spleen::liver/spleen/…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: Gastrointestinal{{c1::<5}}% of Tc-99m Sulfur colloid particles are taken up by the {{c2::bone marrow::liver/sp…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalThe bone marrow {{c1::is NOT::is/is not}} normally seen at typical windowing levels after administration of Tc-9…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m sulfur colloid has a biological t1/2 (half-life) of {{c1::2-3 minutes}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m sulfur colloid administration:The {{c1::liver::liver/spleen}} shows higher uptake than the {{c1…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalThe most common cause of a photopenic defect (complete absence of radiotracer) in a Tc-99m sulfur colloid&n…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalIt can be difficult to distinguish a focal decreased uptake from a photopenic defect in a Tc-99m sulfu…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalMost hepatic masses cause focal {{c1::decreased::increased/decreased}} uptake in a Tc-9…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalA hepatic abscess would cause focal {{c1::decreased}} uptake in a Tc-99m sulfur co…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalFocal {{c1::decreased::increased/decreased}} uptake in the liver in a Tc-99m sulfur colloid …
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalFocal nodular hyperplasia may {{c1::hyperconcentrate}} radiocolloid.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalA regenerative nodule in a cirrhotic liver may cause focal {{c1::increased}} radiocolloid uptake.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalBudd-Chiari syndrome and hepatic vein thrombosis will cause focal {{c1::increased}} radiocolloid uptake in …
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: Gastrointestinal{{c1::Colloid shift}} is increased sulfur colloid accumulation within the {{c2::spleen}} and {{c2::bone mar…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalColloid shift is suggestive of {{c1::liver dysfunction, most commonly cirrhosis}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalDiffuse pulmonary uptake on a Tc-99m sulfur colloid scan is nonspecific, but can be seen in:-{{c1::Cirrhosi…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalFocal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) will most commonly appear {{c1::indistinguishable from background live…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalFocal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) may contain {{c1::Kupffer cells}} and will most commonly appear indistingui…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalFocal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) may appear with increased uptake on a sulfur colloid scan due to hyper…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalFocal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) can appear with decreased uptake on 1/3 of sulfur colloid scans due to…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: Gastrointestinal{{c2::Hepatic adenoma::Hepatic adenoma / Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH)}} appears photopenic sulfur colloi…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalAn adjunct/alternative to a sulfur colloid scan for focal nodular hyperplasia is a(n) {{c1::HIDA scan}…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalFocal Nodular Hyperplasia {{c1::should::should/should NOT}} demonstrate uptake on a HIDA scan.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalFocal Nodular Hyperplasia will demonstrate uptake on a HIDA scan because it contains {{c1::biliary ductules}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalThe presence of an intrapancreatic splenule can be confirmed by a(n) {{c1::sulfur colloid scan (will show i…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalCase: Patient with history of a splenectomy. Sulfur colloid scanDiagnosis: {{c1::splenosis}}
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalEsophageal motility is assessed in nuclear imaging with {{c1::sulfur colloid::radiotracer}} or {{c1::D…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalEsophageal Transit Study:Requires a {{c1::6}}hr overnight fast.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalEsophageal Transit Study:Patient is positioned {{c1::supine}}. Swallows 10mL of water with sulfur colloid/DTPA
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalEsophageal Transit Study:Normal esophageal transit time for water is {{c1::5-11}} seconds, with more than 90% cl…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalScintigraphy for gastroesophageal reflux is most commonly performed in {{c1::neonates::patient populat…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalThe radiotracer of choice for scintigraphy for gastroesophageal reflux in neonates is {{c1::sulfu…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalA {{c1::salivagram::salivagram/reflux scintigraphy}} is {{c2::more::more/less}} sensitive for detecting asp…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalGastric Emptying Scintigraphy:Up to {{c1::1}}mCi of Tc-99m {{c1::sulfur colloid::radiotracer}} is given in a bre…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalGastric Emptying Scintigraphy:Images are acquired every 60 minutes up to {{c1::4}} hrs.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalGastric Emptying Scintigraphy:Normal residual activity in the stomach at 4 hours is <{{c1::10}}%
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalGastric Emptying Scintigraphy:The alternative to sulfur colloid egg whites is a liquid phase scan utilizing Tc-9…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m {{c1::pertechnetate}} is used in imaging for a Meckel diverticulum as it localizes to the gastric mu…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalA {{c2::Meckel diverticulum}} is a remnant of the embrylogical {{c1::omphalomesenteric duct}}
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalA Meckel diverticulum is most commonly located in the {{c1::distal ileum}}
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalApproximately {{c2::10-60}}% of Meckel diverticulum contain ectopic {{c1::gastric mucosa}} which …
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalA positive Meckel diverticulum nuclear scan demonstrates a focal area of increased radiotracer uptake in th…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalA {{c1::lateral}} view is often useful to visualize a Meckel diverticulum nuclear scan to ensure the a…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalA Meckel diverticulum nuclear scan can visualize {{c1::appendicitis}} or {{c2::intussusception}} …
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalThe sensitivity of a Meckel diverticulum nuclear scan can be increased by using {{c1::pentagastri…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalThe sensitivity of a Meckel diverticulum nuclear scan can be increased by using {{c1::H2 blockers…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalThe sensitivity of a Meckel diverticulum nuclear scan can be increased by using {{c1::glucagon}},…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalNuclear imaging for a GI bleed is done using Tc-99m labeled {{c1::red blood cells}}
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m labeled red blood cells are prepared by mixing anticoagulated blood with {{c1::stannous chlorid…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m labeled red blood cells take about {{c1::20 minutes}} to make.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m labeled red blood cells are prepared in-{{c1::vitro::vivo/vitro}}
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m {{c1::sulfur colloid}} is an alternative to Tc-99m labeled red blood cells when performing…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m sulfur colloid is less preferential when assessing for a GI bleed because it {{c1::has rap…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m red blood cell studies can be used to identify patients who may be candidates for {{c1::angiogr…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m red blood cell studies can detect bleeding rates as low as {{c1::0.05-0.1}}mL/min versus 1mL/mi…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalA positive Tc-99m red blood cell GI bleed study shows radiotracer uptake that {{c1::changes in sh…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalCase: Tc-99m red blood cell GI bleed studyYellow arrows: {{c1::Radiotracer uptake in the superior…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalCase: Superior mesenteric artery angiogramYellow arrow: {{c1::Extravasation in a distal ileocolic branch}}Diagno…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m-{{c1::iminodiacetic acid (IDA)}} analogs are used to image the biliary system.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m-{{c1::disofenin}} allows visualization of the biliary system with bilirubin levels as high as {{c2::…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m-{{c1::mebrofenin}} allows visualization of the biliary system with bilirubin levels as high as {{c2:…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m-{{c1::disofenin and mebrofenin::disofenin/mebrofenin}} is/are {{c2::actively::actively/passively}} t…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalTc-99m-disofenin and mebrofenin {{c1::are NOT::are/are NOT}} conjugated in hepatocytes.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalHIDA protocolThe patient should be NPO for 6 hours prior, but must have eaten within {{c1::24}} hrs.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalHIDA protocolIf the patient has been NPO for >24 hrs, {{c1::cholecystokinin (CCK)}} is administered as a slow…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalHIDA protocolDynamic imaging begins immediately after injection of {{c1::5}}mCi of Tc-99m IDA (iminodiacetic aci…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalHIDA protocolAs soon as {{c1::the gallbladder}} is visualized, {{c2::acute cholecystitis}} is {{c3::ruled o…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalHIDA protocolIf the gallbladder is not visualized by {{c1::1}} hr(s), {{c2::morphine}} ({{c2::0.04}}mg/kg) …
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalHIDA protocol{{c1::Morphine}} can be given to {{c2::contract}} the {{c3::sphincter of Oddi}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalHIDA protocolMorphine should only be given if the tracer is visualized in the {{c1::small bowel}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalHIDA protocolIf the patient has a morphine allergy, the alternative to morphine administration at 1 hr of nonvisualiz…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalIn a normal HIDA scan, the {{c1::liver}} is visible by {{c2::5}} minutes.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalIn a normal HIDA scan, the {{c1::galbladder}} is visible by {{c2::15}} minutes.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalIn a normal HIDA scan, radiotracer should be visualized in the {{c1::small bowel}} to ensure a patent commo…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalIn a HIDA scan, bile reflux into the stomach is a(n) {{c1::normal::normal/abnormal}} finding.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalCase: HIDA scanYellow arrow: {{c1::gallbladder}}Diagnosis: {{c1::Normal HIDA}}
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalAlmost all patients with acute cholecystitis have obstruction of the {{c1::cystic duct}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalHIDA scanNonvisualization of the gallbladder after {{c1::90}} minutes of imaging and morphine augmentation is&nb…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalHIDA scanFalse positive rate of ~{{c1::6}}%, most commonly due to {{c2::pancreatitis}} and {{c3::biliary st…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalHIDA scanThe {{c1::rim}} sign describes {{c2::increased hepatic activity around the gallbladder f…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalHIDA scanThe rim sign is an ancillary finding of {{c1::acute cholecystitis}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalHIDA scanThe {{c1::cystic duct}} sign describes a(n) {{c2::small focus of activity in the cystic duct}…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalCase: HIDA scanDiagnosis: {{c1::Acute cholecystitis, the gallbladder is never visualized (4 hr images not d…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalEating <{{c1::4}}hrs or not eating for >{{c1::24}}hrs can lead to a false positive result on a HIDA scan.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalAdministration of {{c1::cholecystokinin (CCK)::drug}} immediately prior to the exam can lead to a false positive…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalA patient being administered {{c1::total parental nutrition (TPN)}} while hospitalized can lead to a false posit…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalSeverely ill, including patients with {{c1::pancreatitis}} or chronic {{c1::cholecystitis}} can lead to a false&…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: Gastrointestinal{{c1::Cholangiocarcinoma::malignancy}} of the cystic duct can lead to a false positive result on a HIDA scan.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: Gastrointestinal{{c1::Acalculous::Not chronic}} cholecystitis with a patent {{c1::cystic duct}} can lead to a false {{c2::n…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalA duodenal {{c1::diverticulum}} can lead to a false {{c2::negative}} result on a HIDA scan if not…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalA choledochal {{c1::cyst (simulating a gallbladder)}} can lead to a false {{c2::negative}} result on a…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalA right sided {{c1::extrarenal pelvis (simulating a gallbladder)::renal}} in jaundiced patients with increa…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: Gastrointestinal{{c1::Chronic cholecystitis}} is long-standing gallbladder inflammation causing loss of normal gallbladder function, …
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalChronic cholecystitis is on the differential for chronic, recurrent {{c1::abdominal}} pain.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalMost cases of chronic cholecystitis appear as {{c1::normal}} on HIDA scan.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalA gallbladder ejection fraction of <{{c1::35}}% is thought to be suggestive of {{c3::chronic cholecystitis}} …
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalAcute, high-grade obstruction of the {{c1::common bile duct}} can result in the {{c2::liver scan}} sign, wh…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalLiver scan sign, which describes radiotracer uptake in the liver, but no visualization of the biliary tree/…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalDelayed clearance of activity from the common bile duct suggests {{c1::partial obstruction}}
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalSevere hepatic dysfunction will cause {{c1::poor}} uptake and {{c1::delayed}} blood pool clearance of IDA&n…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalHIDA scanA hepatic mass will appear as a(n) {{c1::photopenic defect}}, because {{c2::hepatocytes are n…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalCase: HIDA scanYellow arrows: {{c1::large photopenic defect}}Diagnosis: {{c1::cholangiocarcinoma}}
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalA {{c1::HIDA scan::nuclear imaging}} is an accurate method to assess for the presence of a biliary leak. Imaging…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: GastrointestinalCase: HIDA scan done POST-CHOLECYSTECTOMYBlue arrow: {{c1::radiotracer pooling int he paracolic gutter}}Yel…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: Gastrointestinal Tc-99m sulfur colloidCirrhosis can cause a nonspecific, diffuse uptake in the {{c1::lungs}}
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear Imaging: Gastrointestinal Tc-99m sulfur colloidElevated serum aluminum can cause a nonspecific, diffuse uptake in the {{c1…
Status	Last Update	Fields