Notes in OG1.5 Abnormal Labour

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Published	10/04/2024	Prolonged labour is often defined as {{c1::> 12 hours}} from onset of labour until delivery in a primigravid
Published	10/04/2024	Causes of prolonged labour (3 Ps):The P{{c1::owers}}The P{{c1::assages}}The P{{c1::assenger}}
Published	10/04/2024	Efficient uterine contractions last {{c1::60 - 80::range}} seconds have have a frequency of up to {{c1::7}} in 15 minutes
Published	10/04/2024	Most common cause of failure to progress is {{c1::inefficient uterine action}}
Published	10/04/2024	Treatment for inefficient uterine action → {{c1::IV oxytocin}} until a frequency of 7 contractions in 15 minutes is reached.
Published	10/04/2024	Must monitor {{c1::fetal heart rate}} when using oxytocin
Published	10/04/2024	Rule out {{c1::malposition}} or {{c1::malpresentation}} in multigravid women with failure to progress, as use of oxytocin in these circumsta…
Published	10/04/2024	Indications for C-section: Know these cold.Maternal indications:1. {{c1::Repeat C-section}}2. {{c1::Lower obstructive lesions}}3. {{c1:…
Published	10/04/2024	Diagnosis in labour of occipitoposterior position is on vaginal examination when {{c1::the anterior fontanelle is felt behind the pubic symphysis…
Published	10/04/2024	T/F. Occipitoposterior position usually rotates by itself.{{c1::T }}
Published	10/04/2024	Occipitoposterior position can cause a prolonged first stage of labour, which is delt with using {{c1::oxytocin}}
Published	10/04/2024	{{c1::Deep transverse arrest}} is caused by incomplete rotation from OP to OA position
Published	10/04/2024	Deep transverse arrest of the head management → {{c1::C-section}} or {{c1::rotational instrumental delivery}}
Published	10/04/2024	Most face presentations are mento{{c1::anterior}}
Published	10/04/2024	Face presentations in the mentoanterior position are delivered {{c1::vaginally}}
Published	10/04/2024	Delivery of brow presentation → {{c1::c-section}}
Published	10/04/2024	2b2b1d2b02244529a479edb1c37032af-oa-1
Published	10/04/2024	Cause of early decelerations → {{c1::compression of the fetal head during a contraction}}
Published	10/04/2024	Cause of variable decelerations → {{c1::transient compression of the umbilical cord}}
Published	10/04/2024	Cause of late decelerations → {{c1::chemoreceptor}}-mediated response to {{c1::fetal hypoxaemia/acidosis}}
Published	10/04/2024	Normal fetal pH is {{c1::7.25-7.35}}
Published	10/04/2024	fetal pH 7.2 - 7.25 → {{c1::borderline result, repeat test in 30 min or deliver if rapid fall::what do you do?}}
Published	10/04/2024	fetal pH ≤ 7.2 → {{c1::emergent delivery::management}}
Published	10/04/2024	Fetal blood sampling is contraindicated if {{c1::HIV}}, {{c1::HBV}}, {{c1::HCV}} or {{c1::fetal bleeding disorder}} or <{{c1::3…
Published	10/04/2024	If meconium is noted → {{c1::continuous fetal heart rate monitoring::what do you do?}}
Published	10/04/2024	Indications of C-section in prolonged labour:– {{c1::Suspected Fetal compromise}} – {{c1::Arrest in cervical dilatation despite good contractions (wit…
Published	10/04/2024	Fetal blood sampling procedureconsent, explain procedurelie patient on {{c1::left side with right leg abducted}}{{c1::amnioscope}} inserted into vagin…
Published	10/04/2024	Methods of fetal monitoring{{c1::Pinard stethoscope}}{{c1::Hand-held Doppler auscultation}}{{c1::CTG}}{{c1::Fetal blood sampling}}
Published	10/04/2024	General procedure of C-sectionspinal anesthesia so patient awake, can feel {{c1::touch and pressure but nothing sharp}}{{c1::10}} cm incision into ski…
Published	10/04/2024	risks of C-section{{c1::hemorrhage}}injury to {{c1::bowel, bladder, ureters}}injury to {{c1::baby (facial lacerations)}}{{c1::infection (endometritis,…
Published	10/04/2024	{{c1::60-80::range}}% chance of successful VBAC but depends on prior indication for C section (ex: failure to progress vs breech)risk of {{c1::uterine…
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