Notes in 8 Microcirculation, Lymphatic System

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Published	10/07/2024	What is the main function of capillaries in the microcirculation?A. Exchange gases and nutrientsB. Store bloodC. Pump blood to tissuesD. Remove waste …
Published	10/07/2024	Which structures regulate blood flow into the capillaries?A. Precapillary sphinctersB. ArteriolesC. MetarteriolesD. Venules
Published	10/07/2024	T/FThe interstitium consists of spaces between cells filled with a gel-like substance.Collagen fibers in the interstitium provide flexibility but not …
Published	10/07/2024	What happens if capillary hydrostatic pressure increases significantly?A. Fluid moves out of the capillaries into the interstitiumB. Fluid moves from …
Published	10/07/2024	What is the main force driving fluid into capillaries from the interstitial space?A. Capillary hydrostatic pressureB. Interstitial fluid hydrostatic p…
Published	10/07/2024	T/FInterstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure pulls fluid into the interstitium from the capillaries.Plasma colloid osmotic pressure pushes fluid out…
Published	10/07/2024	What would occur if plasma protein levels drop significantly?A. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure decreasesB. Capillary hydrostatic pressure increases
Published	10/07/2024	Which Starling forces influence fluid movement across the capillary wall?I. Capillary hydrostatic pressureII. Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressureI…
Published	10/07/2024	At which end of the capillary is fluid typically reabsorbed?A. Arterial endB. Venous endC. Middle of the capillaryD. Both ends equally
Published	10/07/2024	T/FStarling’s equilibrium occurs when the net movement of fluid into and out of the capillaries is balanced.Any imbalance between hydrostatic and osmo…
Published	10/07/2024	What happens to the fluid that is not reabsorbed by the capillaries at the venous end?A. It enters the lymphatic system B. It remains in the inte…
Published	10/07/2024	Which are key functions of the lymphatic system?I. Transport proteins and large particlesII. Remove fluid from tissuesIII. Regulate arterial pressureI…
Published	10/07/2024	What is the main route for removing large particles and proteins from the interstitial spaces?A. ArteriesB. Lymphatic capillariesC. VenulesD. Precapil…
Published	10/07/2024	T/FThe lymphatic system is responsible for preventing edema by draining excess fluid from tissues.Lymph flow decreases with higher interstitial fluid …
Published	10/07/2024	What happens if lymph flow is blocked, as in the case of elephantiasis?A. Edema occurs due to fluid accumulation in tissuesB. Capillary filtration inc…
Published	10/07/2024	What factors increase interstitial fluid pressure?I. Elevated capillary hydrostatic pressureII. Decreased plasma colloid osmotic pressureIII. Increase…
Published	10/07/2024	What happens when interstitial fluid pressure becomes greater than 0 mmHg?A. Lymph flow decreasesB. Lymph flow plateausC. Capillary filtration increas…
Published	10/07/2024	T/FLymphatic pumping occurs due to smooth muscle contraction in lymph vessels.External factors such as skeletal muscle contraction do not affect lymph…
Published	10/07/2024	What is the effect of skeletal muscle contractions on lymph flow?A. It increases lymph flow by compressing lymph vesselsB. It decreases lymph flow by …
Published	10/07/2024	Which mechanisms help increase lymph flow?I. Contraction of smooth muscles in lymph vesselsII. Skeletal muscle contractionsIII. Arterial pulsationIV. …
Published	10/07/2024	How much lymph typically flows through the thoracic duct per hour?A. 50 mL/hrB. 100 mL/hrC. 200 mL/hrD. 500 mL/hr
Published	10/07/2024	T/FLymph flow can increase up to 20-fold when interstitial fluid pressure rises from -6 mmHg to 0 mmHg.Once interstitial pressure exceeds 0 mmHg, lymp…
Published	10/07/2024	What is the impact of increased capillary permeability on lymph flow?A. More fluid and proteins enter the lymphatic systemB. Lymph flow decreases
Published	10/07/2024	Which conditions can cause extracellular edema?I. Increased capillary filtrationII. Lymphatic blockageIII. Decreased plasma proteinsIV. Increased sodi…
Published	10/07/2024	What causes intracellular edema?A. Excess capillary filtrationB. Depression of metabolic systems in tissuesC. Blocked lymphatic flowD. Increased plasm…
Published	10/07/2024	T/FIntracellular edema can occur when metabolic processes in cells are depressed.Sodium loss in the blood is a major factor contributing to intracellu…
Published	10/07/2024	What would happen if sodium levels in the blood drop significantly (hyponatremia)?A. Water moves into cells, causing intracellular edemaB. Water moves…
Published	10/07/2024	What are common causes of extracellular edema?I. Heart failureII. Increased capillary permeabilityIII. Kidney failureIV. Excessive sweatingA. IB. I, I…
Published	10/07/2024	Which lymphatic vessels return lymph to the blood circulation?A. Lymphatic ductsB. Thoracic ductC. Lymph nodesD. Precapillary sphincters
Published	10/07/2024	T/FLymph nodes help filter bacteria and foreign particles from the lymph.If bacteria are not destroyed in the lymph nodes, they may enter the bloodstr…
Published	10/07/2024	What is the primary function of arterioles in the microcirculation system?A) Transporting oxygen-rich blood back to the heartB) Regulating blood press…
Published	10/07/2024	What will increased interstitial pressure do to lymph flow?A. Impede lymph flowB. Improve lymph flow
Published	10/07/2024	The role of the lymphatic system includes all of the following EXCEPT:A) Returning excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstreamB) Absorbing dietary fa…
Published	10/07/2024	Which starling force primarily opposes filtration in the capillaries?A) Capillary hydrostatic pressureB) Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressureC) Pla…
Published	10/07/2024	Which vessel type is responsible for draining excess interstitial fluid into the lymphatic system?A) VenulesB) ArteriolesC) Lymphatic capillaries…
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following increases interstitial fluid pressure?A. Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressureB. Increased plasma colloid osmotic pressureC.…
Published	10/07/2024	Which condition is associated with non-pitting edema?A. Heart failureB. HyponatremiaC. FilariasisD. Kidney disease
Published	10/07/2024	What is the net effect at the arterial ends of capillaries regarding fluid movement?A. Fluid absorption due to higher osmotic pressureB. Fluid filtrat…
Published	10/07/2024	Which factor does not directly contribute to increased lymph flow?A. Skeletal muscle contractionsB. Arterial pulsationsC. Increased interstitial fluid…
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following is not a Starling force that influences fluid exchange between capillaries and interstitial spaces?A. Capillary hydrostatic pre…
Published	10/07/2024	These additional features are not universal structures but are unique to specific microcirculation systemsA. MetarterioleB. Precapilliary sphinctersC.…
Published	10/07/2024	The difference in net force between arterial and venous ends are due to changes in?A. The hydrostatic pressure of capillaries (Pc)B. Interstitial flui…
Published	10/07/2024	Tissues of the body have special lymph channels, except: A. SkinB. Central nervous systemC. Endomysium of muscles D. BonesE. A,B,C,DF. B and…
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