Notes in RUSH CRNA SPRING 2025::NSG-533 Patho::Module 3: Renal System

To Subscribe, use this Key

Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	01/14/2025	What are the functions of the kidneys?
Published	01/14/2025	Where is erythropoietin produced?
Published	01/14/2025	Where do erythrocytes mature?
Published	01/14/2025	What are the metabolic wastes managed by urine excretion?
Published	01/14/2025	What is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D?
Published	01/14/2025	Explain the hypothalamic osmo and thirst receptors in water deprivation?
Published	01/14/2025	Explain the hypothalamic osmo and thirst receptors in water intake/overload?
Published	01/14/2025	How does ADH affect the renal tubules?
Published	01/14/2025	How does aldosterone affect the renal tubules?
Published	01/14/2025	Function of vasopressin
Published	01/14/2025	What is vasopressin also known as?
Published	01/14/2025	Where is ADH made?
Published	01/14/2025	Where is aldosterone made?
Published	01/14/2025	How do sodium and potassium react with each other?
Published	01/14/2025	What are the buffer systems in the kidneys?
Published	01/14/2025	H2PO4
Published	01/14/2025	NH4
Published	01/14/2025	Absorption
Published	01/14/2025	distrubution
Published	01/14/2025	Metabolism
Published	01/14/2025	What will cause an increase in gastric pH (alkalosis)?
Published	01/14/2025	What will affect the distribution of medications?
Published	01/14/2025	What can affect the metabolism of drugs?
Published	01/14/2025	How are most drugs and metabolites excreted?
Published	01/14/2025	What will determine how well a drug is filtered through the glomerulus and tubules?
Published	01/14/2025	Renal clearance formula
Published	01/14/2025	What is creatine clearance?
Published	01/14/2025	What is a trough level?
Published	01/14/2025	List of drugs that need adjustments in kidney disease
Published	01/14/2025	What are the medications to avoid in kidney disease?
Published	01/14/2025	What happens to PTH in advanced renal disease?
Published	01/14/2025	Explain the feedback mechanism of PTH?
Published	01/14/2025	How is calcium increased from the bones from PTH secretion?
Published	01/14/2025	How is calcium increased in the kidneys from PTH secretion?
Published	01/14/2025	How is calcium increased in the intestines from PTH secretion?
Published	01/14/2025	Is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D increased or decreased in CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	What is fibroblast growth factor 23?
Published	01/14/2025	**Define GFR
Published	01/14/2025	What is a normal GFR?
Published	01/14/2025	**What is the best measurement of GFR?
Published	01/14/2025	What is creatinine?
Published	01/14/2025	Where is creatinine filtered?
Published	01/14/2025	**What is the relationship between GFR and creatinine?
Published	01/14/2025	Define a steady state in the renal system?
Published	01/14/2025	What are the advantages and disadvantages of measuring creatinine for kidney function?
Published	01/14/2025	Microscopic Hematuria
Published	01/14/2025	Urine dipstick
Published	01/14/2025	What are the quantitative tests to measure for proteinuria?
Published	01/14/2025	P/C ratio
Published	01/14/2025	What is the shape of normal RBCs?
Published	01/14/2025	What is the indication that RBCs are of glomerular origin?
Published	01/14/2025	As RBCs pass through the kidney what happens?
Published	01/14/2025	**Components of nephrotic syndrome
Published	01/14/2025	**Components of nephritic syndrome
Published	01/14/2025	What are some differential diagnoses for nephrotic syndrome?
Published	01/14/2025	What are some differential diagnosis for nephritic syndrome?
Published	01/14/2025	**What is the normal amount of protein excreted from urine per day?
Published	01/14/2025	What are the two types of proteins excreted from urine?
Published	01/14/2025	**Normal amount of albumin excreted in urine daily?
Published	01/14/2025	Overt proteinuria Range
Published	01/14/2025	Nephrotic Proteinuria range
Published	01/14/2025	What are the categories of albuminuria in CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	**Causes of proteinuria
Published	01/14/2025	Define a glomerular injury?
Published	01/14/2025	Secondary causes of proteinuria
Published	01/14/2025	If a patient has diabetes what screenings should be done to assess for proteinuria?
Published	01/14/2025	If GFR is adequate and creatinine is elevated, what is the likely cause?
Published	01/14/2025	List the common factors of nephrotic syndrome?
Published	01/14/2025	**What is used as a reliable way to estimate GFR?
Published	01/14/2025	**What are the parameters for an AKI?
Published	01/14/2025	Nonoliguric
Published	01/14/2025	Oliguria
Published	01/14/2025	Anuria
Published	01/14/2025	How can pre renal, intrarenal, and post renal present?
Published	01/14/2025	What does anuria indicate?
Published	01/14/2025	What is used to categorize AKI criteria?
Published	01/14/2025	What causes pre renal AKI?
Published	01/14/2025	What can cause intra renal AKI?
Published	01/14/2025	What can cause a post renal AKI?
Published	01/14/2025	What electrolytes need to be assessed when suspecting an AKI?
Published	01/14/2025	What are the cellular biomarkers for an AKI?
Published	01/14/2025	List causes of hypovolemic impaired renal perfusion
Published	01/14/2025	List causes of hypervolemic impaired renal perfusion
Published	01/14/2025	**What is included in the pre renal physical assessment?
Published	01/14/2025	Expected labs with an AKI
Published	01/14/2025	Why is phosphorus high in renal disease?
Published	01/14/2025	What is the typical treatment for pre renal AKI?
Published	01/14/2025	How does sepsis cause intra renal AKI?
Published	01/14/2025	What will the urinalysis show in an intra renal AKI?
Published	01/14/2025	**How is a patient typically peeing with an intra renal AKI?
Published	01/14/2025	What is a normal urine osmolality?
Published	01/14/2025	What is the urine osmolality in AKI?
Published	01/14/2025	If your serum osmo is high
Published	01/14/2025	If your serum osmo is low
Published	01/14/2025	What are the four phases of fluid therapy for an AKi?
Published	01/14/2025	What are the 3 phases of intra renal ATN?
Published	01/14/2025	Oliguric Phase
Published	01/14/2025	Diuretic Phase
Published	01/14/2025	Recovery Phase
Published	01/14/2025	**What is the pathophysiology of a post renal AKI?
Published	01/14/2025	What is included in the post renal physical assessment?
Published	01/14/2025	What is the preferred diagnostic testing for kidney stones?
Published	01/14/2025	What is the criteria for CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	What are the markers of CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	What are the stages of CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	Is albumin low or high in CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	What are the symptoms of CKD stage G1 and G2?
Published	01/14/2025	What are the symptoms of CKD stages 3-4?
Published	01/14/2025	What are the symptoms of CKD stage 5?
Published	01/14/2025	Known conditions causing kidney damage?
Published	01/14/2025	What are the primary causes of renal failure?
Published	01/14/2025	What is the main difference between an AKI and CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	What type of BP should be taken in renal disease?
Published	01/14/2025	What are the imaging studies used to diagnose renal disease?
Published	01/14/2025	Can you get an AKI when you have CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	When do people generally start showing symptoms in CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	As a provider what is the focus for patients with CKD stage 1-2?
Published	01/14/2025	When do complications of CKD typically begin?
Published	01/14/2025	When do medications have to be adjusted when a patient has renal disease?
Published	01/14/2025	What is included in the focused head to toe for renal disease?
Published	01/14/2025	**What causes anemia in CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	What labs do you need to asses for with anemia in CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	**What is the goal hemoglobin for CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	What is the goal transferrin saturation for CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	What bone minerals are impaired in CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	**Explain bone mineral metabolism in CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	Explain the effect of FGF23 in early and late CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	What are the effects of bone demineralization in CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	When does phosphorus increase in CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	When does the FGF23 really kick in?
Published	01/14/2025	Normal serum phosphorus level
Published	01/14/2025	Normal serum calcium level
Published	01/14/2025	What is the goal CaPO4 in CKD?
Published	01/14/2025	Range of PTH in CKD?
Status	Last Update	Fields