Notes in G10 Spinal Cord + PNS

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Published	11/02/2024	In the PNS, 12 pairs of {{c1::cranial nerves}} arise from ganglia in the brain, while 31 pairs of {{c1::spinal nerves}} arise from, or are attached to…
Published	11/02/2024	What two subdivisions of the body does the PNS supply?
Published	11/02/2024	For the somatic component of the PNS, describe the functions of somatic sensory and somatic motor neurons:Somatic sensory (aka general sensory) n…
Published	11/02/2024	For the autonomic component of the PNS, describe the functions of visceral sensory and visceral motor neurons:Visceral sensory neurons convey inf…
Published	11/02/2024	What different types of sensations do somatic v.s. visceral sensory neurons of the PNS detect?
Published	11/02/2024	The spinal cord is a column of nervous tissue contiguous with the brain stem. It runs through the vertebral canal from the {{c1::foramen magnum}} to t…
Published	11/02/2024	The spinal cord is involved in motor and sensory innervation of the body inferior to the {{c1::head}}
Published	11/02/2024	In the spinal cord, {{c1::gray}} matter is internal to {{c1::white}} matter
Published	11/02/2024	What is contained in the ventral v.s. dorsal horns of the gray matter in the spinal cord?
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Published	11/02/2024	Fila/Filum are other words for:
Published	11/02/2024	what is spinal nerve proper? what does it contain?
Published	11/02/2024	Each spinal nerve splits into {{c1::dorsal and ventral primary rami}}
Published	11/02/2024	The Dorsal primary ramus supplies cutaneous sensory innervation to the skin of the back via {{c1::posterior cutaneous n. branches}}
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Published	11/02/2024	Explain Roots v.s. Rami:
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Published	11/02/2024	The spinal cord is divided into {{c1::31}} segments; one segment for each pair of {{c1::spinal nerves}}
Published	11/02/2024	Of the 31 spinal cord segments, how many are there of each type?
Published	11/02/2024	Enlargements of the spinal cord regions concerned with innervation of the {{c1::limbs}} contain more motor neuron bodies, and are therefore thicker
Published	11/02/2024	Enlargement of the cervical spinal cord is due to {{c1::nerves of the upper limb}}
Published	11/02/2024	Enlargement of the lumbosacral spinal cord is due to {{c1::nerves of the lower limb}}
Published	11/02/2024	Inferior to the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord is the tapered inferior end of the cord, the {{c1::conus medullaris}}
Published	11/02/2024	Why are dermatomes clinically important?
Published	11/02/2024	Does cutting a single spinal nerve produce complete anesthesia in it's dermatome?
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Published	11/02/2024	what is Cauda Equina
Published	11/02/2024	Spinal nerves exit the vertebral canal via {{c1::intervertebral foramina}} or {{c1::sacral foramina}}
Published	11/02/2024	Thoracic, lumbar, and sacral spinal nerves all exit {{c1::inferior}} to the correspondingly numbered vertebrae
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Published	11/02/2024	Where is the epidural space located, and what is it filled with?
Published	11/02/2024	Is there an epidural space in the skull?
Published	11/02/2024	Where is the subdural space and what does it contain?
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Published	11/02/2024	The PNS consists of {{c1::sensory (afferent)}} neurons that {{c1::relay sensory information from the body to the CNS}}, and {{c1::motor (efferent)}} n…
Published	11/02/2024	Sensory (afferent) neurons have cell bodies located outside the CNS with axons that split into a {{c1::peripheral process}} and a {{c1::central proces…
Published	11/02/2024	Peripheral process: {{c1::relays sensory impulses from the body}}Central process: {{c1::enters the dorsal surface of the spinal cord and synapses…
Published	11/02/2024	Motor (efferent) neurons have a single process and relay motor impulses from {{c1::the CNS to muscle fibers and glands}}
Published	11/02/2024	Gray matter is “H”-shaped with two {{c1::ventral (motor)}} horns and two {{c1::dorsal (sensory)}} horns.
Published	11/02/2024	ventral root consists of {{c1::motor fibers exiting the spinal cord}}dorsal root consists of {{c1::central processes of sensory neuron axons entering …
Published	11/02/2024	The sensory neuron cell bodies are located in {{c1::dorsal root ganglia (DRGs)}}
Published	11/02/2024	dorsal ramus: supplies both motor innervation and sensory (proprioception) to {{c1::deep back muscles}}
Published	11/02/2024	the ventral ramus supplies:- both motor innervation and proprioception to muscles of the {{c1::lateral and anterior body wall and the limbs}}- cu…
Published	11/02/2024	Cervical spinal nerves C1-C7 exit {{c1::superior}} to their correspondingly number vertebrae, C8 nerves exit {{c1::between the C7 and T1 vertebra…
Published	11/02/2024	S1-S4 ventral rami exit the {{c1::ventral sacral foramina}}. S1-S4 dorsal rami exit the {{c1::dorsal sacral foramina}}.S5 and coccygeal spinal nerves …
Published	11/02/2024	Dura mater is the outermost menigial layer; tough fibrous connective tissue.  extends inferior to the {{c1::S2 vertebral level}} forming the {{c1…
Published	11/02/2024	{{c1::Filum terminale externum}}: a slender extension of the dura that continues inferiorly and anchors the dural sac to the coccyx
Published	11/02/2024	arachnoid mater:- Delicate, transparent membrane that lines inferiorly to the {{c1::S2 vertebral level}}- slender, cobweb-like strands called {{c…
Published	11/02/2024	arachnoid trabeculae does what?
Published	11/02/2024	Pia mater: thin layer adhered {{c1::directly the brain, spinal cord, and spinal nerve roots}}
Published	11/02/2024	Denticulate ligaments are {{c1::strong lateral extensions of pia mater that anchor the spinal cord to the dura mater}}
Published	11/02/2024	Filum terminale internum: a strong strand of {{c1::pia}} mater that extends inferiorly beyond the {{c1::conus medullaris}} to the terminal end of the …
Published	11/02/2024	the subarachnoid space is located {{c1::between the arachnoid and pia matter}} and is full of {{c1::CSF, which puts pressure on the arachnoid membrane…
Published	11/02/2024	the lumbar cistern is an enlarged area of the subarachnoid space located between the {{c1::inferior extent of the spinal cord and the inferior extent …
Published	11/02/2024	ventral rami of adjacent spinal nerves that supply the {{c1::neck}}, {{c1::limbs}}, and {{c1::abdominal wall}} merge together to form plexuses
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