Notes in [1.3] Heart and Mediastinum (Ivan)

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Published	02/20/2024	the superior and inferior mediastinum are divided by what plane?
Published	02/20/2024	what is the descriptive definition of the mediastinum?
Published	02/20/2024	what are the notable structures at the level of the transverse thoracic plane? (RATPLANT)
Published	02/20/2024	what are some of the contents of the superior mediastinum (behind manubrium)?
Published	02/20/2024	what are the great vessels found in the superior mediastinum?
Published	02/20/2024	what are the nerves found in the superior mediastinum?
Published	02/20/2024	what are some of the contents of the posterior mediastinum?
Published	02/20/2024	what are the nerves found in the posterior mediastinum?
Published	02/20/2024	what important organ is located in the middle mediastinum?
Published	02/20/2024	what are the two layers of the pericardium? what are some structural features?
Published	02/20/2024	why can pericarditis be extremely serious?
Published	02/20/2024	what is the significance of the mid-clavicular line in terms of the heart?
Published	02/20/2024	what are the two pericardial sinuses of the heart?
Published	02/20/2024	what are the four borders of the heart? and what is located at each?
Published	02/20/2024	what are the three surfaces of the heart? and what structures are included?
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Published	02/20/2024	what is the clinical significance of fossa ovalis in right atrium?
Published	02/20/2024	what is the structural significance of the Crista terminalis in the right atrium?
Published	02/20/2024	where exactly is the SA node located in the right atrium relative to other structures?
Published	02/20/2024	where exactly is the AV node located in the right atrium relative to other structures?
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Published	02/20/2024	what is the clinical significance concerning the relationship between the L. atrium and esophagus?
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Published	02/20/2024	what is the hockey stick-like structure (unique to the R. ventricle) and what is its relevance?
Published	02/20/2024	what is the infundibulum in the R. ventricle?
Published	02/20/2024	what is the relationship between atrioventricular valves, papillary muscles and chordae tendineae?
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Published	02/20/2024	what is the spatial arrangement and relationship of aortic and pulmonary trunk?
Published	02/20/2024	why are the L. and R. cusps of the aortic valve unique?
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Published	02/20/2024	what are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Published	02/20/2024	how does sympathetic action affect the contraction of cardiac muscles, heartbeat and coronary vessels?
Published	02/20/2024	how does parasympathetic action affect heartbeat and coronary vessels?
Published	02/20/2024	where does the sympathetic division begin and what unique structure does it form?
Published	02/20/2024	where does the parasympathetic division begin and what is its main nerve called?
Published	02/20/2024	what is the name of the plexus where all sympathetic and parasympathetic cardiac nerves are localized?
Published	02/20/2024	where is the cellbody of presynaptic cardiac nerves?
Published	02/20/2024	what two branches does the atrioventricular bundle (AV bundle / bundle of His) separate into?
Published	02/20/2024	what is the direction/sequence of impulses in the conduction of cardiac muscle contraction?
Published	02/20/2024	what is special about the right bundle of nerves in the heart and its conduction?
Published	02/20/2024	what is angina pectoris and why might it be felt in the left arm or left jaw?
Published	02/20/2024	what do the upper fibers of the sympathetic trunk innervate?
Published	02/20/2024	what do the lower fibers of the sympathetic trunk innervate and what is the name of the nerves?
Published	02/20/2024	what is the innervating region of the greater splanchnic nerve?
Published	02/20/2024	what is the innervating region of the lesser splanchnic nerve?
Published	02/20/2024	what is the innervating region of the least splanchnic nerve?
Published	02/20/2024	Vagus nerve gives branches (parasympathetic) to the {{c1::esophageal}}, {{c2::cardiac}} and {{c3::pulmonary plexuses}}
Published	02/20/2024	where does the right recurrent laryngeal nerve branch off the right vagus nerve?
Published	02/20/2024	where does the left recurrent laryngeal nerve branch off the left vagus nerve?
Published	02/20/2024	what is the clinical significance of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve's position?
Published	02/20/2024	what is the upper constriction of the esophagus also known as? and what region does it involve?
Published	02/20/2024	what is the middle constriction of the esophagus also known as? and what region does it involve?
Published	02/20/2024	what is the lower constriction of the esophagus also known as? and what region does it involve?
Published	02/20/2024	why is esophageal constriction and its surrounding associated structures relevant?
Published	02/20/2024	why is it called the azygos vein?
Published	02/20/2024	what veins do the azygos vein branch off to on the L. side?
Published	02/20/2024	what region of the body is the azygos system of veins responsible for? and where does it drain it to?
Published	02/20/2024	An {{c1::anastomosis (joining)}}  between the hepatic portal vein and azygos vein is formed via the {{c2::esophageal venous plexus}}
Published	02/20/2024	what is a potential complication / clinical significance of the anastomosis between hepatic portal vein and azygos vein (portal-systemic venous anasto…
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