Notes in 06 Pulmonary Vascular Disease

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Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What term is used to encompass both pulmonary arterial and pulmonary venous hypertension? {{c1::Pulm…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease It may be {{c1::clinically difficult}} to distinguish pulmonary arterial from pulmonary venous hyperte…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease {{c1::Venous}} hypertension may be a cause of Pulmonary arterial hypertension
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Pulmonary arterial hypertension is defined as pulmonary arterial {{c3::systolic::systolic/d…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Elevated pulmonary venous pressures are present when pulmonary capillary wedge pressure …
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease The classification of pulmonary hypertension in widest use in the radiology literature is …
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What hemodynamic classification of pulmonary hypertension wherein the primary abnormality …
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What hemodynamic classification of pulmonary hypertension wherein an abnormality of the pu…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease The World Health Organization (WHO) clinical classification, based on the 2018 World Sy…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What is the WHO clinical classification of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)?{{c1::…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What group is the WHO clinical classification of pulmonary venous hypertension?{{c…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What is the WHO clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension associated with chron…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What is the WHO clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension due to chronic thromb…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What is the WHO clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension due to miscellaneous …
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) may be {{c1::idiopathic or familial::2 causes}…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What type of pulmonary hypertension (WHO clinical classification) is caused by…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What type of pulmonary hypertension (WHO clinical classification) is caused by…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What type of pulmonary hypertension (WHO clinical classification) is caused by…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What type of pulmonary hypertension (WHO clinical classification) is caused by…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What type of pulmonary hypertension (WHO clinical classification) is caused by…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What type of pulmonary hypertension (WHO clinical classification) is caused by…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What type of pulmonary hypertension (WHO clinical classification) is caused by…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What type of pulmonary hypertension (WHO clinical classification) is caused by…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What type of pulmonary hypertension (WHO clinical classification) is caused by…
Published	05/01/2023	Chest radiograph shows an abnormal convex mediastinal bulge representing an {{c1::enlarged main pulmonary artery}}
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease A main pulmonary artery diameter {{c1::≥2.9}} cm suggests the presence of pulmonary hypertension …
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease A main pulmonary artery diameter larger than the comparative {{c1::aortic root diameter}} is also s…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What lesions are pathognomonic for chronic pulmonary artery hypertension?{{c1::Pulmonary artery cal…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Pulmonary hypertension may cause {{c1::mosaic}} attenuation due to perfusion abnormalities, most …
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease {{c5::Pulmonary hypertension}} may be associated with {{c1::ground glass::texture}},  {{c2::c…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease An enlarged pulmonary artery can mimic a {{c1::mediastinal mass}}. The {{c2::hilum convergence}} …
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease{{c1::Hilum convergence}} sign describes the appearance of {{c2::hilar pulmonary artery}} branches&nb…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease The {{c1::Hilum overlay}} sign describes the visualization of {{c2::hilar vessels through …
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseThe hilum overlay sign means that the mass is in the {{c1::anterior mediastinum::what location?}} …
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease The pathologic hallmark of {{c2::primary pulmonary::2 words}} hypertension is a {{c1::Plexiform…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease In primary pulmonary hypertension, there is a relative paucity of {{c1::prostacyclins}} and {{c2::nitric …
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease On imaging, {{c3::Primary Pulmonary}} Hypertension is characterized by enlargement of {…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What is the classification (WHO and hemodynamic) of primary pulmonary hypertension?{{c1::WHO group 1, pre…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseWhat is the classification (WHO and hemodynamic) of pulmonary hypertension due to left-to-r…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseWhat is the classification (WHO and hemodynamic) of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease?{{c1::…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What is the classification (WHO and hemodynamic) of Pulmonary Venous Hypertension?{{c1::WH…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What is the classification (WHO and hemodynamic) of pulmonary hypertension associated with…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What is the classification (WHO and hemodynamic) of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hyper…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What is the classification (WHO and hemodynamic) of fibrosing mediastinitis?{{c1::WHO grou…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseCongenital left-to-right cardiac shunts, such as ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect …
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseThe key imaging finding in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension is enlargement of the {{c1::central and …
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseThe etiology of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension secondary to pulmonary veno-occlusive disease is {{…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseasePulmonary {{c5::veno-occlusive disease}} may be {{c1::idiopathic::cause}} but is associated…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseThe imaging features of Pulmonary {{c6::veno-occlusive}} disease include {{c1::Pulmona…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Left-sided cardiovascular disease leads to elevated {{c1::pulmonary venous}} pressure, which is a…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Regarding Pulmonary Hypertension associated with hypoxemic lung disease: {{c1::COPD}}, {{…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease In Pulmonary Hypertension associated with chronic lung disease:Chronic {{c1::hypo…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease In Pulmonary Hypertension associated with hypoxemic lung disease: Chronic lung dise…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Chronic occlusion of the pulmonary arterial bed can lead to {{c1::pulmonary arterial}…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease In chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), {{c1::fibrous}} stran…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) may cause {{c1::secon…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What is the treatment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)?{…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease {{c1::Fibrosing mediastinitis}} is characterized by progressive prolife…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What are the most common causes of Fibrosing Mediastinitis?{{c1::Histoplasmosis}}…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease In Fibrosing Mediastinitis, fibrous encasement of the {{c1::pulmonary veins}…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Fibrosing mediastinitis may also encase the {{c1::pulmonary arteries}}, creati…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Imaging features of fibrosing mediastinitis include increased {{c1::mediast…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Where do most pulmonary emboli originate?{{c1::Deep veins of the thighs …
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What are the risk factors for deep venous thrombosis?{{c1::Immobilizatio…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Approximately {{c1::25%::%}} of patients with pulmonary embolism {{c2…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease The {{c1::Wells score}} assigns point values to clinical suspicion…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What is the most common method to image for pulmonary embolism?{{c…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease What is the typical CT pulmonary angiogram finding in pulmonary emb…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Pulmonary emboli tend to lodge at vessel {{c1::bifurcations::w…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseWhat radiographic sign describes widening of the pulmonary arteries due to clot?{{c1::Fleischner sign}}
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease{{c1::Hampton's hump}} describes a {{c2::peripheral wedge-shaped opacity}} representing pulmonar…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease{{c1::Westermark}} sign describes a {{c2::regional oligemia in the lung distal}} to a pulmo…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseasePulmonary embolism may cause {{c1::acute right heart strain::what cardiac condition?}}
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseWhat is linearly correlated with increased mortality in massive pulmonary embolism? {{c1::Elevated…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseasePitfalls of the CT pulmonary angiogram: {{c1::hilar lymph}} nodes and {{c2::mucus-imp…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Pitfalls: In CT pulmonary angiogram, {{c1::cardiac motion}} causes blurring of the left lower lobe p…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Pitfalls: In CT pulmonary angiogram, {{c1::respiratory::not cardiac}} motion overall {{c2::decreases…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Pitfalls: In CT pulmonary angiogram, {{c1::transient disruption of contrast bolus}} occurs when u…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease Pitfalls: In CT pulmonary angiogram, {{c1::unopacified pulmonary veins}} may simulate PE on a si…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseasePulmonary Embolism is divided into two subtypes: {{c1::acute}}, associated with dyspea, tachycar…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease{{c1::D-Dimer}} is a sensitive test for thromboembolic disease and has a high {{c1::negative}} predic…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseSubsequent to Pulmonary Embolisms, pulmonary infarction can be seen as peripheral wedge-shaped consol…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseSubsequent to Pulmonary Embolisms, pleural effusions often develop after several {{c1::days}}. I…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseFindings of right heart strain following a pulmonary embolism include: -bowing of the …
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseA {{c1::submassive::size}} Pulmonary Embolism shows {{c2::right ventricular}} enlargement&n…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseA {{c1::Massive::size}} Pulmonary Embolism presents with {{c2::systemic hypotension (<90…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseWhat's this?{{c1::Axial CT showing contrast in RV with bowing of intraventricular septum, PE causing R hea…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseA {{c1::Low Risk (Nonmassive)::size}} Pulmonary Embolism is treated with {{c2::anticoagulat…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseA {{c1::Submassive::size}} Pulmonary Embolism is treated with anticoagulation +/- inte…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseA {{c1::Massive::size}} Pulmonary Embolism is treated with anticoagulation + {{c2…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseAll patients with chronic pulmonary embolisms develop pulmonary hypertension.{{c1::False::True/False}…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseChronic Pulmonary Embolisms present as {{c1::eccentric}} filling defects, a {{c2::web::shap…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseAcute Pulmonary Embolisms will {{c2::involute}} with {{c1::eccentric}} filling defects or {…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseParenchymal signs of chronic pulmonary embolism include {{c1::mosaic}} attenuation from alt…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease{{c1::Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH)}} is the constellation of chronic pulmonary em…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseasePatients suspected to have Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) should be evaluated …
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseA CTA in patients with Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) should show eccentr…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseA V/Q Scan in patients with Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) should show se…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseIn Pulmonary Hypertension, mosaic perfusion of the lung parenchyma is seen due to {{c1::heteroge…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseasePrimary Pulmonary Hypertension is more comon in  {{c1::females::males/females}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseImaging of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension secondary to a congenital shunt is similar to th…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseAll patients with unexplained pulmonary hypertension should prompt a radiologist to look for the…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease{{c1::Eisenmenger}} syndrome is characterized by {{c2::reversal of a congenital left-to-right sh…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease{{c1::Pulmonary Capillary Hemangiomatosis}} is an entity that involves {{c2::capillary}} proliferatio…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseThe most common etiologies of Pulmonary Venous Hypertension are {{c1::left ventricular dysfuncti…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular DiseaseAll patients with Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) have a strong history of pulm…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Pulmonary Vascular Disease{{c1::}}
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Diffuse Lung Disease{{c1::Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)}} is the clinical syndrome of Usual Interstitial Pneumonia and it…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Diffuse Lung Disease{{c1::Acute Interstitial pneumonitis}} has the worst prognosis of the interstitial pneumonias.
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Diffuse Lung DiseaseSurgical Biopsy can be avoided in suspected Usual Interstitial Pneumonia if characteristic {{c1::…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Diffuse Lung DiseaseDefinite Usual Interstitial Pneumonia can be seen with the following features on CT:1) {{c1::Subpleura…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Diffuse Lung DiseaseIndeterminate findings for Usual Interstitial Pneumonia on CT include:1) Very {{c1::EARLY::timing…
Published	05/01/2023	Thoracic Imaging: Diffuse Lung DiseaseFindings for Usual Interstitial Pneumonia on CT which would suggest an ALTERNATIVE DIAGNOSIS include:1…
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