Notes in 03UrinalysisChem

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	07/30/2024	Which urine dipstick test takes the shortest time to finish (30 seconds)?{{c1::glucose and bilirubin}} (30 seconds)
Published	07/30/2024	Excess urine in reagent strips are removed to prevent leaching and {{c1::runover}}
Published	07/30/2024	In reflected photometry, light reflected by test pads {{c1::decreases}} in proportion to color intensity
Published	07/30/2024	Normal range of urine pH{{c1::4.5–8.0}} but newly collected samples should be around {{c1::acid::acid/bas}}ic
Published	07/30/2024	A diet high in {{c2::protein}} may cause an {{c1::acidic}} urine
Published	07/30/2024	Principle behind urine protein test:{{c1::protein error of indicators}}
Published	07/30/2024	Proteins other than albumin; and {{c1::microalbuminuria}} may cause a false-{{c2::negative}} urine protein test
Published	07/30/2024	A positive urine protein test is significant only if specific gravity is {{c1::low}}
Published	07/30/2024	Clinical proteinuria cut-off{{c1::>30 mg/dL}}
Published	07/30/2024	Repeat urinalysis should be done if proteinuria is {{c1::nonpathological}}
Published	07/30/2024	Principle behind urine glucose test{{c1::Glucose oxidase test}}
Published	07/30/2024	Renal threshold for glucose is: {{c1::160–180 mg/dL}}
Published	07/30/2024	Low temperatures may result in a false-{{c1::negative}} urine glucose test
Published	07/30/2024	Principle behind ketone reagent strip:{{c1::reaction w/ sodium nitroprusside or ferricyanide}}
Published	07/30/2024	Levodopa and medications with –SH groups may result in a false-{{c1::positive}} urine {{c2::ketone}} test
Published	07/30/2024	Bacterial peroxidases and strong oxidizing agents may result in a false-{{c1::positive}} urine blood test and urine glucose test
Published	07/30/2024	If urine is red and clear, check for the color of {{c1::plasma}}
Published	07/30/2024	Strenuous exercise may lead to positive urine blood test due to {{c1::hematuria}}
Published	07/30/2024	Principle behind urine bilirubin test{{c1::Diazo reaction}}
Published	07/30/2024	Phenazopyridine and highly pigmented urine specimens may cause a false-{{c1::positive}} urine protein test and urine bilirubin test
Published	07/30/2024	Positive urine bilirubin test will yield what color in the dipstick (endmost)?{{c1::Purple}}
Published	07/30/2024	Positive urine urobilinogen test will yield what color in the dipstick  (endmost)?{{c1::Pink}}
Published	07/30/2024	The nitrite reagent strip detects the presence of reductase-reducing bacteria by testing for the presence of the product nitrite.{{c1::T::T/F}}
Published	07/30/2024	Principle behind urine nitrite test{{c1::Daizo reaction}}
Published	07/30/2024	Urine should stay within the bladder for ~{{c1::4 hours}} before collection for a reliable urine nitrite test
Published	07/30/2024	Urine culture should be performed if both urine {{c1::nitrite}} and {{c1::leukocyte esterase}} tests are positive
Published	07/30/2024	Nitrite reagent strip is used in the early detection of {{c1::UTI (from nitrate-reducing bacteria)}}
Published	07/30/2024	Urine leukocyte esterase test detects the presence of {{c1::granulocytic}} WBCs in the urine
Published	07/30/2024	Positive urine leukocyte esterase test will yield what color in the dipstick (endmost)?{{c1::Purple}}
Published	07/30/2024	Positive urine protein test will yield what color in the dipstick (endmost)?{{c1::blue-green}}
Published	07/30/2024	Which urine dipstick test takes the longest time to finish (120 seconds)?{{c1::leukocyte esterease}}
Published	07/30/2024	A urine pH of {{c3::9.0 }} means it is an old specimen and warrants recollection
Published	07/30/2024	Renal tubular acidosis may cause an {{c1::alkaline}} urine
Published	07/30/2024	Positive urine blood test will yield what color in the dipstick (endmost)?{{c1::Green}}*bonus: what do speckles indicate?
Published	07/30/2024	Positive urine ketone test will yield what color in the dipstick  (endmost)?{{c1::Purple}}
Published	07/30/2024	High concentration of nitrite or vitamin C* may result in false-{{c1::negative}} urine bilirubin test
Published	07/30/2024	Metabolites of Lodine and indicants of intestinal disorders may result in a false-{{c1::positive}} urine bilirubin test
Published	07/30/2024	Positive urine glucose test will yield what color in the dipstick  (endmost)?{{c1::Brown}}
Published	07/30/2024	What pH indicators are used to test urine pH via reagent strip?{{c1::methyl red}} (acidic); {{c1::bromothymol blue}} (basic)
Published	07/30/2024	NOTE: most diseases and conditions associated with a positive urine test did not get any flashcards{{c1::We suggest reviewing their pathophysiology in…
Published	07/30/2024	When performing the reagent strip technique, use {{c1::unc::unc/c}}entrifuged urine at room temperature
Published	07/30/2024	Cranberry juice causes {{c1::acidic::pH}} urine
Published	07/30/2024	2 common medications that cause acidic urine: {{c1::Methenamine mandelate, Fosfomycin tromethamine}}
Published	07/30/2024	Protein reagent strip only works at pH of {{c1::3}}
Published	07/30/2024	Protein score of glomerular proteinuria: {{c1::+3 or +4}}
Published	07/30/2024	Protein score of tubular proteinuria: {{c1::less than +2}}
Published	07/30/2024	In benign orthostatic proteinuria:first specimen (morning): {{c1::-}}second specimen (after ambulation): {{c1::+}}
Published	07/30/2024	In the glucose reagent test, there is a 2 step reaction catalyzed by these two enzymes:{{c1::glucose oxidaseperoxidase}}
Published	07/30/2024	In the glucose reagent test, there is a change in color because of the oxidized colored {{c1::chromogen}}
Published	07/30/2024	of the 3 ketone bodies, only {{c1::β-hydroxybutyratic acid}} is NOT detected in urine
Published	07/30/2024	of the 3 ketone bodies, only {{c1::β-hydroxybutyratic acid}} exists in greatest quantity
Published	07/30/2024	Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) may result in a false-{{c1::negative}} urine blood test and urine glucose test
Published	07/30/2024	Improperly preserved urine specimens may result in a false-{{c1::negative}} urine ketone test and urine glucose test
Published	07/30/2024	Urine with high specific gravity may result in a false-{{c1::negative}} urine blood test and urine glucose test
Published	07/30/2024	Will hemoglobinuria and/or myoglobinuria result in a positive urine blood test?{{c1::Yes.}}
Published	07/30/2024	Statins may lead to positive urine blood test due to {{c1::myoglobinuria}}
Published	07/30/2024	Light exposure of urine specimen may result in false-{{c1::negative}} urine bilirubin test
Published	07/30/2024	Principle behind urine urobilinogen test{{c1::Multistix: Ehrlich's reactionChemstrip: Diazo reaction}}
Published	07/30/2024	Urine tests for posthepatic disease (e.g., biliary obstruction)urine bilirubin: {{c1::+++}}urine urobilinogen: {{c1::normal}}
Published	07/30/2024	Urine tests for hepatic disease (e.g., liver damage)urine bilirubin: {{c1::+ or -}}urine urobilinogen: {{c1::++}}
Published	07/30/2024	Urine tests for prehepatic disease (e.g., hemolytic anemia)urine bilirubin: {{c1::-}}urine urobilinogen: {{c1::+++}}
Published	07/30/2024	Positive urine nitrite test will yield what color in the dipstick (endmost)?{{c1::Pink}}
Published	07/30/2024	Principle behind urine leukocyte esterase test{{c1::Leukocyte esterase reaction}}
Published	07/30/2024	Protein reagent strips primarily measure {{c1::albumin::protein}}
Published	07/30/2024	Normal value of protein in urine: {{c2::<10 mg/dL}}
Published	07/30/2024	Antiseptics (e.g., QACs, chlorohexidine) may result in a false-{{c1::positive}} urine protein test
Status	Last Update	Fields