Notes in 06CholinomimeticDrugs

To Subscribe, use this Key

Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Edrophonium1. Short-acting2. Long-acting{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	The choline ester with the most susceptibility to cholinesterase is {{c1::acetylcholine chloride}}
Published	07/30/2024	The choline esters with the LEAST susceptibility to cholinesterase are {{c1::carbachol chloride and betanechol chloride}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Methacholine (acetyl-β-methylcholine)::Choline ester}} is an acetylcholine with a methyl group at the {{c2::beta}} carbon.
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Bethanecol (carbamoyl-β-methylcholine)::Choline ester}} is an acetylcholine with {{c2::an amine group::functional group}} replacing the carbon t…
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Usually found in mushrooms1. Muscarine2. Nicotine{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Being irreversible, well-absorbed, and well-distributed, it is important to consider {{c1::CNS::organ system}} toxicity when giving {{c2::organophosph…
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Commonly used in biological warfare1. Sarin2. Echothiophate{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::parathion and malathion}} is/are inactive PRODRUG organophosphate/s that is/are metabolized into phosphate derivative active form/s in the body
Published	07/30/2024	[VR] Treatment of supraventricular tachycardia1. Cholinesterase inhibitor ({{c2::Edrophonium}})2. Calcium channel blocker{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drug/s used to treat atony/paralysis of the stomach/bowel is/are {{c1::Neostigmine}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR]1. Cholinomimetics2. Airway lumen diameter{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR]1. Cholinomimetics2. Tracheobronchial secretions{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] GI sphincters in the presence of cholinesterase inhibitors1. Constricted2. Relaxed{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drug/s used to treat urinary retention and neurogenic bladder is/are {{c1::Bethanechol}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drug/s used to stimulate the thermoregulatory sweat, lacrimal, and nasopharyngeal glands is/are {{c1::Pilocarpine}}
Published	07/30/2024	Do cholinergics directly cause vasodilation?{{c1::No. They increase EDRF (NO) to cause vasodilation::Y/N}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR]1. Myasthenia gravis2. Amount of functional nicotinic receptors{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drug/s used to diagnose myasthenia gravis is/are {{c1::Edrophonium}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drug/s used for myasthenia gravis therapy is/are {{c1::Neostigmine and pyridostigmine}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drug/s used to treat alzheimer's is/are {{c1::Tacrine}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR]1. Atropine2. Temperature{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR]1. Atropine2. Perspiration{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drug/s used to treat acute direct-acting nicotinic stimulant toxicity is/are {{c1::atropine, anticonvulsants, antihypert…
Published	07/30/2024	Drug/s used to treat chronic direct-acting nicotinic stimulant toxicity is/are {{c1::Varenicline}} + withdrawal via replaceme…
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Use of atropine for treatment1. Acute cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity2. Chronic cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Direct::Direct/Indirect}}-acting cholinomimetic drugs bind to cholinoceptors (muscarinic, nicotinic)
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Indirect::Direct/Indirect}}-acting cholinomimetic drugs inhibit hydrolysis of endogenous ACh (attach to enzymes)
Published	07/30/2024	The choline ester with the most muscarinic action is {{c1::Methacholine chloride}}
Published	07/30/2024	The choline esters with the LEAST muscarinic action are {{c1::Carbachol chloride and Bethanechol chloride}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Muscarinic Action1. Bethanechol2. Carbachol{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Nicotinic Action1. Bethanechol2. Carbachol{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Muscarine}} is the only alkaloid quaternary amine
Published	07/30/2024	4 direct-acting cholinomimetic drugs (choline esters):{{c1::AcetylcholineMethacholineCarbacholBethanechol}}
Published	07/30/2024	4 direct-acting cholinomimetic drugs (alkaloids):Muscarine and {{c1::Pilocarpine}} for muscarinic receptorsNicotine and {{c1::Lobeline}} for nicotinic…
Published	07/30/2024	Drug/s used to treat acute direct-acting muscarinic stimulant toxicity is/are {{c1::atropine}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Drug for postoperative Ileus1. Atropine2. Neostigmine{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	4 indirect-acting cholinomimetic drugs Carbamates or Carbamic esters of alcohol:{{c1::NeostigminePyridostigminePhysostigmineCarbaryl (Carbaril)}}
Published	07/30/2024	4 indirect-acting cholinomimetic drugs Organophosphate:{{c1::Echothiophate (thiocholine)SarinParathion (thiophosphate)Malathion (thiophosphate)}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drug/s used to treat atropine intoxication is/are {{c1::Physostigmine}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Duration of action1. Simple alcohols2. Carbamates3. Organophosphates{{c1::3 > 2 > 1}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Lethality1. Pilocarpine toxicity2. Nicotine toxicity{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Choline esters are lipid-{{c1::ins::ins/s}}oluble
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Absorption 1. Choline esters 2. Alkaloids{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Acetylcholinesterases hydrolyzes ACh into {{c1::choline and acetic acid}}
Published	07/30/2024	The only indirect cholinomimetic agent/s with a quaternary ammonium constituent is/are:{{c1::EdrophoniumNeostigminePyridostigmineEchothiopate}}
Published	07/30/2024	Duration of effects of carbamates are determined by {{c1::stability of the inhibitor-enzyme complex, NOT by metabolism or excretion}}
Published	07/30/2024	The carbamate well absorbed in all sites of administration is {{c1::physostigmine}}
Published	07/30/2024	The carbamate used as an insecticide is {{c1::Carbaryl (carbaril)}}
Published	07/30/2024	The organophosphate not distributed to the CNS is {{c1::echothiopate}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Stability in water 1. Carbamates 2. Organophosphates{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	The organophosphate that is most stable in aqueous solution and retains it's long drug action is {{c1::echothiopate}}
Published	07/30/2024	The organophosphate that is a thiocholine derivative is {{c1::echothiopate}}
Published	07/30/2024	The organophosphates used as an insecticide are {{c1::parathion and malathion}}
Published	07/30/2024	The organophosphates that are thiophosphates are {{c1::parathion and malathion}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drug/s used to treat glaucoma is/are {{c1::pilocarpine and echothiopate}}
Published	07/30/2024	The uterus is not that sensitive to {{c1::musca::muscari/nicoti}}nic agents
Published	07/30/2024	[VR] 1. Cholinergics (high doses) 2. Vasodilation{{c1::B. constriction}}
Published	07/30/2024	PSNS effects cause vaso{{c1::dilation}}
Published	07/30/2024	In myasthenia gravis, antibodies attack {{c1::nicotinic receptors (Nm)}}
Published	07/30/2024	Atropine is a {{c2::non-s::non-s/s}}elective {{c1::muscar::muscar/nicot}}inic blocker
Published	07/30/2024	Acute direct-acting nicotinic toxicity symptoms:{{c1::CNS (convulsions + coma), Respiratory arrest and CVD (hypertension + arrythmia)}}
Published	07/30/2024	Chronic direct-acting nicotinic toxicity symptoms:{{c1::CVD (vascular, sudden coronary death), ulcer recurrence}}
Published	07/30/2024	Acute direct-acting muscarinic toxicity symptoms:{{c1::Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, Bronchoconstriction, Bradycardia, Emesis, Lacrimation, Laxation, S…
Published	07/30/2024	Drug/s used to treat cholinesterase inhibitor (organophosphate pesticides) toxicity is/are {{c1::atropine (larger doses) + pralidoximes…
Published	07/30/2024	Chronic cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity symptoms:{{c1::neuropathy, demyelination of axons}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Carbachol (carbamoylcholine)::Choline ester}} is an acetylcholine with {{c2::an amine group::functional group}} replacing the carbon terminal.
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Methyl group at the beta carbon::Functional group}} reduces the potency of choline esters at the {{c2::nicotinic::type of cholinergic}…
Published	07/30/2024	1 indirect-acting cholinomimetic drug simple alcohol:{{c1::Edrophonium}}
Status	Last Update	Fields