Notes in 09_Tuberculosis

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Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Tuberculosis (TB)}} is {{c2::a notifiable infectious disease most commonly caused by Mycobacteria tuberculosis organism, mainly affecting the lu…
Published	02/10/2024	Presentation of {{c2::Tuberculosis}} {{c1::Persistent and productive cough +/- haemoptysis}} {{c1::Lethargy}} {{c1::Fever}} {{c1::Night sweats}} …
Published	02/10/2024	Extrapulmonary Presentation of Tuberculosis {{c1::Lymphadenopathy (painless and rubbery)}} {{c1::Spinal tuberculosis (Pott’s disease: with kyphosis an…
Published	02/10/2024	Risk Factors of Tuberculosis {{c1::Age: Elderly, Neonates}} {{c1::Co-Morbidity: Diabetes, HIV, Malnutrition}} {{c1::Immunosuppression}} {{c1::Social: …
Published	02/10/2024	Primary Tuberculosis shows as a small lesion called {{c1::Ghon’s focus}} usually in the apices of the lungs, and commonly presents as {{c1::Lymphadeno…
Published	02/10/2024	Primary Tuberculosis infection can progress to:{{c1::Tuberculous bronchopneumonia (enlarged lesion, enlarged and compressive lymph nodes)}}{{c1::Milia…
Published	02/10/2024	The diagnostic investigation of Tuberculosis is {{c1::Tuberculosis Culture (3 sputum samples 8-24 hours gap)}}
Published	02/10/2024	Tests for Latent Tuberculosis include{{c1::Mantoux (an induration of ≥5 mm is a positive result)}}{{c1::Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRA)}}
Published	02/10/2024	Extrapulmonary Assessment of Tuberculosis {{c1::Urine (if renal involvement)}} {{c1::Lumbar puncture for CSF (if CNS involvement)}} {{c1::Focused biop…
Published	02/10/2024	CXR of {{c1::Disseminated Miliary Tuberculosis}}
Published	02/10/2024	Why are Mycobacteria called Acid and Alcohol Fast Bacilli?{{c1::Mycobacteria are called Acid and Alcohol Fast Bacilli because of their inability to be…
Published	02/10/2024	The name of the Stain for Mycobacteria is known as {{c1::Ziehl-Neilson stain}}
Published	02/10/2024	Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis {{c1::Isoniazid and Rifampicin for 3 months then only Isoniazid for 6 months}}
Published	02/10/2024	Treatment of Active TuberculosisRemembered as {{c1::RIPE}} {{c1::R – Rifampicin (R)}} {{c1::I – Isoniazid (I)}} {{c1::P –&nbs…
Published	02/10/2024	Prescribe {{c1::Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)}} with Isoniazid to avoid its side effect of {{c2::peripheral neuropathy}}
Published	02/10/2024	All the drugs used for Tuberculosis are associated with side effect of {{c1::hepatic injury (hepatotoxicity)}} so it is recommended to monitor {{…
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Rifampicin}} is a Tuberculosis drug associated with the side effect of {{c1::Orange ‘’irn bru’’ discolouration of urine and tear secretions…
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Isoniazid}} is a Tuberculosis drug associated with the side effect of {{c1::Peripheral neuropathy}}
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Pyrazinamide}} is a Tuberculosis drug associated with the side effect of {{c1::Hyperuricaemia}}
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Ethambutol}} is a Tuberculosis drug associated with the side effect of {{c1::Visual problems (e.g. color blindness and reduced visual acuit…
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