Notes in Physics-and-Math

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	03/29/2024	Diamagnetic materials are {{c1::repelled}} by an external magnetic field.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Vectors}} are physical quantities that have {{c2::both magnitude and direction}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Scalars}} are quantities that have {{c2::only a magnitude}}.
Published	03/29/2024	For vector {{c2::addition}}, use the {{c1::tip-to-tail}} method, or {{c1::you can break the vector into its component parts}} and use t…
Published	03/29/2024	For vector {{c2::subtraction}}, you must {{c1::change the direction of the subtracted vector}} and then do {{c1::a tip-to-tail addition}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Free body diagrams are representations of the {{c1::forces}} acting on an object.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Translational equilibrium::... equilibrium}} occurs {{c2::in the absence of any net forces acting on an object}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Rotational equilibrium::... equilibrium}} occurs {{c2::in the absence of any net torques acting on an object}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Displacement::Displacement or Distance}} is path {{c1::independent::dependent or independent}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Distance::Displacement or Distance}} is path {{c1::dependent::dependent or independent}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Velocity::Velocity or Speed}} is a {{c1::vector::vector or scalar}} and includes both {{c1::magnitude}} and {{c1::direction}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Speed::Velocity or Speed}} is a {{c1::scalar::vector or scalar}} and includes only the {{c1::magnitude of the rate of change}}
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::force}} is any {{c2::push or pull}} that has the potential to result in {{c2::an acceleration}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Gravity}} is the {{c2::attractive}} force between {{c3::two}} objects as a result of {{c2::their masses}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Friction}} is a force that {{c2::opposes motion::does this}} as a function of {{c2::electrostatic interactions}} at the surfaces between tw…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Mass}} is a measure of the {{c2::inertia}} of an object: aka its {{c2::amount of material}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Weight}} is the {{c3::force }}experienced by a given mass due to {{c2::the gravitational attraction to the Earth}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Acceleration}} is the {{c2::vector}} representation of {{c3::the change in velocity over time}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Torque}} is a {{c2::twisting}} force that causes {{c2::rotation}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Newton's first law of motion{{c1::An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same directio…
Published	03/29/2024	Newton's second law of motion{{c1::Any acceleration is the result of a net force > 0}}
Published	03/29/2024	Newton's third law of motion{{c1::For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction}}
Published	03/29/2024	Units for joule{{c1::\(J = \frac{kg \cdot m^2}{s^2} = Nm\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Kinetic energy::... energy}} is the energy of {{c2::motion}}, observable as {{c2::the movement of an object}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Potential energy::... energy}} is a type of energy an object has because of {{c2::its position}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Gravitational potential energy::... energy}} is the {{c2::potential}} an object has to {{c2::do work as a result of being located…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Elastic potential energy::... energy}} is created when {{c2::stretching or compressing an elastic object}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Electrical potential energy::... energy}} is the energy between two {{c2::charged particles}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Chemical potential energy::...energy}} is {{c2::the energy stored in the bonds of compounds}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Conservative}} forces are path {{c1::independent::dependent or independent}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Non-conservative}} forces are path {{c1::dependent::dependent or independent}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Work}} is the process by which {{c2::energy is transferred from one system to another.::what happens?}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Power}} is {{c2::the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for the mechanical advantage of an inclined plane{{c1::\(MA = \frac{length~of~incline}{height~of~incline}\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::\(\frac{Output~Power}{Input~Power}\)}}{{c1::Efficiency}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Thermal equilibrium::... equilibrium}} is when systems have {{c2::the same}} {{c3::average kinetic energy}} and thus {{c2::the same}}&…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Temperature}} is the {{c2::average kinetic energy}} of the particles that make up a substance.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Isolated systems::... systems}} will {{c2::not exchange matter or energy with surroundings}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Closed systems::... systems}} will {{c2::exchange energy but not matter with their surroundings}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Open systems::.. systems}} will exchange {{c2::both energy and matter with their surroundings}}.
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::state function::... function}} {{c2::is a property that has a unique value that depends only on the present state of a system and not how t…
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::process/path function::... function}} describes the {{c2::pathway from one equilibrium state to another}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Heat}} is {{c2::energy transfer}} between two objects at {{c2::different temperatures}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c3::Specific heat}} is the amount of {{c2::energy}} necessary to {{c1::raise the temperature of one gram of substance by 1° C or 1 K}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Heat of transformation}} is {{c2::the amount of energy required for a phase change of a substance.::what?}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Isobaric}} processes have constant {{c1::pressure}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Isothermal}} processes have constant {{c1::temperature}}.
Published	03/29/2024	No {{c1::heat}} is exchanged in {{c2::an adiabatic}} process.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Isovolumetric}} processes have constant {{c1::volume}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Work in regards to {{c2::expansion or compression of a gas}} is calculated using the following formula:{{c1::\(W = -P\Delta V\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Entropy}} is a measure of how much energy has spread out or how spread out energy has become.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Fluids}} are substances that flow and conform to the shape of their containers.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Solids}} maintain their shape regardless of their container
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for density:{{c1::\(\rho=\frac{m}{v}\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for pressure:{{c1::\(P=\frac{F}{A}\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	Pressure is {{c1::equal::equal or varying}} in every direction in a fluid at a given depth.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Absolute pressure}} is {{c2::the sum of all pressures at a certain point within a fluid}}.
Published	03/29/2024	In water, every additional {{c3::10 meters}} of depth adds approximately {{c1::1 atm}} to {{c2::Ptotal}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Gauge pressure}} is {{c1::absolute pressure::... pressure}} minus {{c1::atmospheric pressure::... pressure}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Pascal’s principle}} states that {{c3::pressure}} applied to a {{c3::fluid}} will be distributed {{c1::undiminished}} throughout the {…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c3::Hydraulic}} machines operate based on the application of {{c2::Pascal’s principle}} to generate {{c1::mechanical advant…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Archimedes’ principle}} states that when an object is placed in a fluid, the {{c3::fluid}} generates {{c1::a buoyant force against the obje…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Specific gravity}} is the ratio of {{c1::an object's density}} to the {{c1::reference fluid's density (usually water)}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Cohesion}} refers to the clinging of {{c1::like::like or unlike}} molecules.{{c2::Adhesion}} refers to the clinging of {{c1::unli…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c4::Capillary action}} occurs when the {{c1::adhesive forces::... forces}} to {{c2::the wall}} are {{c3::stronger::stronger or weaker than}} th…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Surface tension::what property?}} is created by {{c1::cohesive forces::... forces}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Viscosity}} is a measure of {{c2::a fluid’s resistance to flow due to internal friction}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Laminar flow::... flow}} is {{c2::smooth::characteristic #1}} and {{c2::orderly::characteristic #2}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Turbulent flow::... flow}} is {{c2::random::characteristic #1}} and {{c2::disorderly::characteristic #2}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c3::Poiseuille’s law}} determines the {{c1::rate}} of {{c2::laminar flow}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Volumetric flow rate}} is the volume of fluid which passes per {{c1::unit time}}.
Published	03/29/2024	How will the size of a pipe or passage affect fluid flow velocity?{{c2::Narrow}} passages: {{c1::fast::fast or slow}}{{c2::Wider}} ones…
Published	03/29/2024	Give {{c2::Bernoulli’s}} equation:{{c1::\(P_1+\frac{1}{2}\rho V_1^2+\rho gh_1= P_2+\frac{1}{2}\rho V_2^2+ \rho gh_2\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	According to {{c2::the Venturi effect}}, the {{c3::velocity}} of a fluid passing through {{c4::a constricted area}} will {{c1::inc…
Published	03/29/2024	The Venturi tube demonstrates that as cross-sectional area {{c1::decreases}} from point 1 to point 2, the linear speed must {{c1::increase::incre…
Published	03/29/2024	In our circulatory system, or any closed fluid system, as total cross-sectional area {{c2::increases}}, velocity {{c1::decreases::increases or de…
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c1::coulomb}} is {{c2::the unit of charge}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Protons have a {{c1::positive::+ or -}} chargeElectrons have a {{c1::negative::+ or -}} charge
Published	03/29/2024	Opposite charges exert {{c1::attractive}} forces Like charges exert {{c1::repulsive}} forces
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Conductors}} are a type of material that {{c2::allows}} {{c3::the flow of charge}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Insulators}} are a type of material that {{c2::resists}} {{c3::the movement of charge}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Coulomb’s law}} gives the magnitude of the {{c1::electrostatic force vector}} between {{c3::two charges}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The Coulomb's law proportionality constant (in air) is k = {{c1::9.0 x 109 N • m2 / C2}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Every charge generates a/an {{c1::electric field}}, which can {{c2::exert forces on other charges.::do what?}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Field lines}} show the activity of a {{c1::positive::positive or negative}} test charge.
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::equipotential}} line is a line on which {{c2::the potential at every point is the same.::what is going on?}}
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::electric dipole}} is a separation of {{c2::positive}} and {{c2::negative charges}}.
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::dipole moment}} is a measure of {{c2::the separation of positive and negative electrical charges within a system}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Electrical potential energy}} is the {{c2::amount of work}} required to {{c2::bring a test charge from infinitely far away t…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c3::Electric potential energy}} {{c1::increases::increases or decreases}} when {{c2::like}} charges move closer together or when {{c2::opposite…
Published	03/29/2024	Electric potential energy {{c1::decreases::increases or decreases}} when like charges move apart or when opposite charges move closer together.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Electrical potential}} is the potential energy of a {{c2::unit charge}} in {{c2::any electric field}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Voltage}} is the {{c2::potential difference}} in {{c3::charge between two points in an electrical field}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Test charges will move spontaneously in whichever direction results in a {{c1::decrease::increase or decrease}} in their {{c2::electrical potenti…
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::magnetic field}} is a region around a {{c2::magnetic material}} or a {{c2::moving electric charge}} within which {{c3::the f…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Diamagnetic materials::... materials}} possess no unpaired electrons and are slightly {{c2::repelled}} by a magnet.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Paramagnetic materials::... materials}} possess some unpaired electrons and become {{c3::weakly magnetic}} in {{c2::an external m…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Ferromagnetic materials::... materials}} possess some unpaired electrons and become {{c2::strongly magnetic}} in an external magnetic …
Published	03/29/2024	{{c3::Current-carrying wires}} create {{c2::magnetic fields}} that are {{c1::concentric circles}} surrounding the wire.
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for {{c2::magnetic force of a moving point charge}}:{{c1::\(F=qvBsin(\theta)\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for {{c2::magnetic force of a current carrying wire}}:{{c1::\(F=iLBsin(\theta)\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Lorentz force::... force}} is the sum of the {{c2::electrostatic}} and {{c2::magnetic}} forces acting on a body.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Current}} is {{c2::the flow of electric charge}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Metallic conduction}} is the flow of current due to {{c2::movement of electrons}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Electrolytic conduction}} is {{c2::the movement of free ions under electric field}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The junction rule states that the sum of the currents flowing into a junction is {{c1::equal to::greater than, less than, or equal to}} the sum of the…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::The loop rule}} states that the sum of all the {{c3::electric potential differences (voltages)}} around a loop is …
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Resistance}} is the {{c2::opposition}} that a substance offers to {{c3::the flow of electrons}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Resistors}} are {{c2::conductive}} materials with a moderate amount of resistance that {{c3::slow down electrons without stopping them.::do…
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for {{c2::resistance through a material}}:{{c1::\(R=\frac{\rho L}{A}\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	Give the {{c2::Ohm’s law}} equation:{{c1::\(V=IR\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for total resistance when the resistors are in {{c2::series}}:{{c1::\(R_{tot}=R_1+R_2+\dots\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for total resistance when the resistors are in {{c2::parallel}}:{{c1::\(\frac{1}{R_{tot}}=\frac{1}{R_1}+\frac{1}{R_2}+\dots\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Capacitors}} have the ability to {{c2::store and discharge}} {{c3::electrical potential energy}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for capacitance in terms of coulombs and volts:{{c1::\(C=\frac{Q}{V}\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for {{c2::electric field strength in a capacitor}}:{{c1::\(E_{cap}=\frac{Q}{\varepsilon_0A}=\frac{\Delta V}{d}\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for potential energy of a capacitor:{{c1::\(U_{cap}=\frac{1}{2}C \Delta V^2\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for total capacitance when the capacitors are in {{c2::series}}:{{c1:: \(\frac{1}{C_{tot} }=\frac{1}{C_1}+\frac{1}{C_2}+\dots\)…
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for total capacitance when the capacitors are in {{c2::parallel}}:{{c1::\(C_{tot}=C_1 + C_2 + \dots\)}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Dielectric materials::... materials}} are {{c2::insulators}} placed between the plates of a capacitor that {{c3::increase capacitance::do this}}…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c3::Ammeters}} are inserted in {{c2::series}} in a circuit and measure {{c1::current}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c3::Voltmeters}} are inserted in {{c2::parallel}} in a circuit to measure {{c1::voltage}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Ohmmeters}} are used to measure the electrical {{c1::resistance}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c2::Reynolds number}} is used to check whether the flow is {{c1::laminar}} or {{c1::turbulent}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Amplitude}} is the {{c2::displacement}} of a wave from its {{c2::rest}} position.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Wavelength (λ)}} is the distance between {{c2::two crests}} or {{c2::two troughs}} of a wave.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Frequency (f)}} is the number of {{c2::cycles a wave makes per second}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Period (T)}} is the number of {{c2::seconds it takes to complete a cycle}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Displacement (x)}} refers to how far a point is from the equilibrium position, expressed as a {{c2::vector}} quantity.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Angular Frequency (ω)}}, also known as {{c3::radial or circular}} frequency, measures {{c1::angular displacement}} per …
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Transverse waves::... waves}} are oscillations where particles are displaced {{c2::perpendicular}} to the wave direction.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Longitudinal waves::... waves}} are oscillations where particles are displaced {{c2::parallel}} to the wave direction.
Published	03/29/2024	Light is a {{c1::transverse wave::... wave}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Sound waves are {{c1::longitudinal waves::... waves}}
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for {{c2::velocity of wave}}:{{c1::v=f λ}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Interference}} describes the ways in which waves interact in space to form a {{c2::resultant wave}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Constructive interference::... interference}} occurs when waves are {{c2::exactly in phase}} with each other.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Destructive interference::... interference}} occurs when waves are {{c2::exactly out of phase}} with each other.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Partially constructive / destructive interference::... interference}} occurs when two waves are {{c2::not quite perfectly in or out of…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Traveling waves::... waves}} {{c2::have continuously shifting points of maximum and minimum displacement so that the peak of the wave …
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Standing waves::... waves}} {{c2::oscillate in time but the peak amplitude profile does not move in space}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Nodes}} of a wave are points where there is no {{c1::oscillation}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Antinodes}} are points of {{c2::maximum oscillation}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Resonance}} is when one object vibrating at {{c2::the same natural frequency}} of a second object forces that second object to {{…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Damping (attenuation)}} is a decrease in a wave's {{c1::amplitude}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Sound}} is produced when something {{c1::vibrates}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Sound propagates through all forms of matter but not through {{c1::a vacuum}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Pitch}} is our perception of {{c1::sound frequency}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Intensity}} is {{c2::how loud a sound is::defined as _______}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c2::Doppler effect}} is a shift in the perceived {{c1::frequency}} of a sound when the source of the sound and its detector&…
Published	03/29/2024	Based on the doppler effect, the perceived frequency will be {{c1::higher::higher or lower}} than the emitted frequency when the source and detec…
Published	03/29/2024	Based on the doppler effect, the perceived frequency will be {{c1::lower::higher or lower}} than the emitted frequency when the source and detect…
Published	03/29/2024	The apparent frequency might be higher, lower, or equal to the emitted frequency when the two objects are {{c2::moving in the same direction}}. It dep…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Strings and pipes that are open on both ends}} support standing waves. The length of the {{c2::string or open pipe}} is given by the following e…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Pipes closed at one end}} support standing waves. The length of the {{c2::closed pipe}} is given by the following equation:{{c1::}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c3::Ultrasound}} uses {{c2::high frequency sound waves}} to compare the {{c1::relative densities}} of tissues in the body.
Published	03/29/2024	Electromagnetic waves are {{c2::transverse}} waves that consist of an oscillating {{c1::electric field::... field}} and an oscilla…
Published	03/29/2024	The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of {{c1::frequencies}} and {{c1::wavelengths}} found in electromagnetic waves.
Published	03/29/2024	In the visible spectrum, {{c1::red::color}} has the {{c2::largest}} wavelength.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c2::Rydberg formula}} is used to predict the {{c1::wavelength}} of {{c3::light emitted or absorbed}} after {{c3::an electron move…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Diffraction}} is the {{c3::bending and spreading out}} of {{c3::light}} waves as they pass through a/an {{c1::narrow slit}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Young’s double-slit experiment}} shows the {{c1::constructive}} and {{c1::destructive}} interference of waves that occu…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Plane polarized light waves}} are light waves in which the {{c2::vibrations}} occur in a {{c2::single}} plane.
Published	03/29/2024	When all the light rays have electric fields with {{c2::equal intensity}} but {{c3::constantly rotating direction}}, this light is called {{c1::c…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Reflection}} is {{c2::the rebounding of incident light waves at a medium’s boundary}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::The law of reflection}} states that {{c3::the angle of incidence}} is {{c1::equal to::less than, greater than, or equal to}} {{c3::the…
Published	03/29/2024	This is a {{c1::concave::concave or convex}} mirror.{{c2::}}
Published	03/29/2024	This is a {{c1::convex::concave or convex}} mirror.{{c2::}}
Published	03/29/2024	For a {{c2::concave}} mirror, if the object is {{c3::farther than the focal point}}, the image will be {{c1::real}} and {{c1::inverted}}.
Published	03/29/2024	For a {{c2::concave}} mirror, if the object is {{c3::very close to the mirror (inside the focal point)}}, then the image will be {{c1::virtual}} and {…
Published	03/29/2024	For a {{c2::convex}} mirror, the image will always be {{c1::virtual}} and {{c1::upright}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Refraction}} is {{c2::the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Give the formula for index of refraction:{{c1::n=c/v}}
Published	03/29/2024	Give the {{c2::Snell's law}} equation:{{c1::}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Dispersion}} is when {{c2::various wavelengths of light separate from each other}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Total internal reflection}} is when {{c2::light cannot be refracted out of a medium and is instead reflected back inside the medium}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c2::critical angle}} is the angle of incidence that offers an angle of {{c3::refraction}} of exactly {{c1::90::#}} degrees.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::}}This is a {{c1::convex}} lens, also known as a {{c1::converging}} lens.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::}}This is a {{c1::concave}} lens, also known as a {{c1::diverging}} lens.
Published	03/29/2024	When objects are placed {{c2::outside::where relative to}} the focal length of a {{c3::convex lens}} or {{c3::concave mirror}}, the image is alwa…
Published	03/29/2024	For an object {{c2::outside}} the focal point of a {{c3::convex (converging)}} lens, the image is {{c1::real}} and {{c1::inverted}}.
Published	03/29/2024	For an object {{c2::inside}} the focal point of a {{c3::(convex) converging}} lens, the image is {{c1::virtual}} and {{c1::upright}}
Published	03/29/2024	Images with a {{c3::concave}} lens are always {{c1::virtual}} and {{c1::upright}} {{c2::regardless of}} the focal point.
Published	03/29/2024	Give the {{c2::thin lens}} equation:{{c1::}}
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for {{c2::magnification of a lens}}:{{c1::}}
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c1::photoelectric effect}} is {{c3::the ejection of an electron from the surface of a metal}} in response to {{c2::light}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for {{c2::energy of a photon}}:{{c1::\(E = hc/\lambda = hf\) }}
Published	03/29/2024	Give the equation for {{c2::the maximum kinetic energy in the photoelectric effect}}{{c1::Kmax = hf - W}}
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c2::work function}} is the {{c3::minimum energy}} necessary to {{c1::eject an electron from a given metal}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c2::threshold frequency}} is the {{c3::minimum light frequency}} necessary to {{c1::eject an electron from a given metal}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c3::Bohr}} model states that if an electron {{c2::absorbs}} a photon, its orbital (n) will go {{c1::up::up or down}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Light {{c2::absorption}} is the process by which light is absorbed and converted into {{c1::energy}}.
Published	03/29/2024	When an electron {{c2::falls from a higher-energy to a lower-energy orbit::does this}}, it {{c1::emits a photon of light}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c2::emission and absorption}} spectra of a substance tells us {{c1::what elements are found in the substance}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Fluorescence}} is the {{c2::emission}} of light by a substance that has {{c2::absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation::done this}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Nuclear fusion}} occurs {{c2::small nuclei combine into larger nuclei.::when?}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Nuclear fission}} occurs when {{c2::a large nucleus splits into smaller nuclei::when?}}
Published	03/30/2024	{{c1::Radioactive decay}} is when {{c2::an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation::this happens}}, such as an alpha…
Published	03/29/2024	Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an alpha particle which is a/an {{c1::helium}} nucleus.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Beta-negative (β-) decay}} is the decay of a {{c1::neutron}} into a {{c1::proton}}.
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