Notes in 16 General Properties of Viruses & Pathogenesis of Viruses

To Subscribe, use this Key

Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	07/30/2024	Types of Symmetry of Virus ParticlesHelical {{c1::nucleocapsids}}Consists of a spiral array of capsid proteins called {{c2::protomers}} wrapped a…
Published	07/30/2024	Types of Symmetry of Virus Particles{{c1::Icosahedral (Cubic)}}Has {{c2::20::n}} faces, each with an equilateral triangle. The protomers aggregat…
Published	07/30/2024	Types of Symmetry of Virus Particles{{c1::Complex}}Possess a capsid that is neither purely helical nor purely icosahedral.
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Protomers}} - structural units of oligomeric proteins (protein structures) self-assemble to make {{c2::capsomeres}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Capsomeres}} - Structural protein subunits of the viral capsid. Under an electron micrograph, recognized as regularly-spaced rings with a centra…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Peplomer}} - projections that form individual spikes from the viral surface; binds surface pathogen receptors
Published	07/30/2024	Sequence Development of Viruses (Morphological Units){{c1::Protomers}} → {{c1::Capsomeres}} → {{c1::Viral Capsids}}
Published	07/30/2024	Basic Classification of Viruses (7){{c1::Morphology}}{{c1::Genome }}{{c1::Organization/Replication}}{{c1::Protein}}{{c1::Antigen}}{{c1::Physicoch…
Published	07/30/2024	Viruses Families are classified based on the following features:● {{c1::Virion Morphology}}● {{c1::Genome Structure}}● {{c1::Strategies of R…
Published	07/30/2024	Virus Taxonomy and Nomenclature2 Major Groups of Viruses{{c1::Families}} & {{c1::Genera}}
Published	07/30/2024	T/F Despite in very small amounts, enzymes are important in the structure of viral particles, as they are essential for the initiation of the vir…
Published	07/30/2024	T/FSome viruses have no structural proteins.{{c1::F}}
Published	07/30/2024	T/FViral proteins do not determine antigenic characteristics of the virus. {{c1::F}}
Published	07/30/2024	Viral Genome ○ May be {{c1::single or double-stranded}} ○ May also be {{c1::circular or linear}} ○ May be {{c1::segmented or nonsegmented}}
Published	07/30/2024	RNAs can be classified as {{c1::positive (+) sense}}, {{c1::negative (-) sense}} or {{c1::(✤ ambisense strand)}}
Published	07/30/2024	The isolated RNA strand of viruses with {{c1::positive}} sense is infectious.
Published	07/30/2024	The isolated RNA strand of viruses with {{c1::negative}} sense is not infectious.
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Viral mRNA that can readily be translated, thus no need for transcription and RNA polymerase1. Positive Sense/Sense Strand 2. Nega…
Published	07/30/2024	Viral Lipid Envelopes - The lipid is acquired when the viral nucleocapsid {{c1::buds}} through a cellular membrane in the course of mat…
Published	07/30/2024	Positive Sense/Sense Strand replicate via a {{c1::double-stranded RNA intermediate}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Resistance to ether, detergents, and other organic solvents1. Lipid containing viruses2. Non-lipid containing viruses{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Negative Sense/AntiSense Strand replicate via a {{c1::RNA-dependent RNA polymerase}}
Published	07/30/2024	Viral Glycoproteins are Involved in the {{c1::membrane fusion}} step of infection
Published	07/30/2024	Steps in Viral Replication 1. {{c1::Attachment}} 2. {{c1::Penetration}} 3. {{c1::Uncoating}} 4. {{c1::Synthesis}} 5. {{c1::Maturation}} 6. {{c1::…
Published	07/30/2024	3 Ways in which Penetration Can Occur - {{c1::receptor (mediated) endocytosis }}- {{c1::fusion of virion envelope}}- {{c1::direct penetratio…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Uncoating}} - OBLIGATE Process that involves the separation of the viral nucleic acid from the outer structural components of the virion
Published	07/30/2024	Uncoating {{c1::Eclipse Period}}Unique feature of viral multiplicationLoss of parental virus infectivityHappens soon after interaction with a host cel…
Published	07/30/2024	Replication of Nucleic Acid (Synthesis) DNA Viruses - happens in the {{c1::nucleus}} (except {{c2::poxvirus}})RNA Viruses - happens in the {{c1::…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Semi-conservative}} - Mode of replication of Double stranded DNA where only one strand in the double stranded DNA and using it to prod…
Published	07/30/2024	Steps in Viral Pathogenesis 1. {{c1::Entry and Primary Replication}} 2. {{c1::Viral Spread and Cell tropism}} 3. {{c1::Cell injury and Clinical i…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Virus Shedding}} - last stage in pathogenesis represents the time at which an infected individual is infectious to contacts
Published	07/30/2024	Chronic Infections{{c1::Rubella}} and {{c1::cytomegalovirus}} infections acquired in utero characteristically result in viral persistenceLim…
Published	07/30/2024	Latent Infections{{c1::Herpesvirus / Herpes Simplex}} Viruses ○ Enter the sensory ganglia and persist in a noninfectious state{{c1::Cytomegalovir…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Paramoxyvirus::virus}}Most severe illnesses caused in infants
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Influenza Virus::virus}}Most severe illnesses caused in elderly or chronically ill
Published	07/30/2024	The viruses that are able to initiate infection through the GI are all resistant to {{c1::acid and bile salts}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Herpes simplex}} virus and {{c2::Epstein-Barr}} virus:Infects cells in the mouth
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Rotavirus}}, {{c1::Norovirus}} and {{c1::Calicivirus}}Major cause of gastroenteritis Infants and children are affected most …
Published	07/30/2024	Example of Asymptomatic GIT Viruses{{c1::Enterovirus}}, {{c1::Coronavirus}} and {{c1::Adenovirus}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Some Enteroviruses (Polioviruses)}} and {{c1::Hepa A}}Viruses that cause systemic disease but do not produce intestinal symptoms
Published	07/30/2024	Entry Points of Viral Skin Infection small abrasions of the skin {{c1::Poxvirus}}, {{c1::Papillomavirus}}, {{c1::Herpes simplex virus}}&nbsp…
Published	07/30/2024	Entry Points of Viral Skin Infection bite of arthropod vectors {{c1::Arbovirus}}
Published	07/30/2024	Entry Points of Viral Skin Infection Infected vertebrate hosts {{c1::Rabies}} and {{c1::Herpes B Virus }}
Published	07/30/2024	Entry Points of Viral Skin Infection Injected during blood transfusions or other manipulations involving contaminated needles, such as acupunctur…
Published	07/30/2024	Viral Skin Infections that produce lesion in the site of Entry {{c1::Papillomavirus}} and {{c1::Molluscum Contagiosum }}
Published	07/30/2024	T/FSkin lesions frequently play a role in viral transmission of infections.{{c1::F except for poxviruses and herpes simplex viruses::also say exceptio…
Published	07/30/2024	2 Routes of Viral Infection in CNS1. {{c1::Bloodstream (hematogenous spread)}}2. {{c1::Peripheral Nerve Fibers (Neuronal Spread)}}
Published	07/30/2024	Viruses capable of causing neuronal spread {{c1::Herpes}}-, {{c1::toga}}-, {{c1::flavi}}-,{{c1::entero}}-, {{c1::rhabdo}}-, {{c1::paramyxo}}- an…
Published	07/30/2024	Congenital Virus Infections Three principles involved in the production of congenital defects:1. {{c1::The ability of the virus to infect the pre…
Published	07/30/2024	Viruses Genera are classified based on the following features:● {{c1::Biological}}● {{c1::Genomic}}● {{c1::Physicochemical}}● {{c1::Serologi…
Published	07/30/2024	All DNA viruses are {{c1::doub::sing/doub}}le stranded except for {{c2::Parvovirus}}
Published	07/30/2024	All DNA viruses have {{c1::icosahedral}} symmetry except for {{c2::Poxvirus}}
Published	07/30/2024	All DNA viruses have a {{c1::linear::linear/circular}} genome except for {{c2::Papilloma, Polyoma, Hepadnavirus::3}}
Published	07/30/2024	Enveloped DNA Viruses: {{c1::Herpesvirus, Poxvirus, Hepadnavirus::3}}
Published	07/30/2024	Naked DNA Viruses: {{c1::Parvovirus, Adenovirus, Papovavirus::3}}
Published	07/30/2024	DNA Viruses:{{c1::HerpesvirusHepadnavirusAdenovirusPapovavirus (smallest virus)Parvovirus,PoxvirusPolyomavirus}}
Published	07/30/2024	Positive Sense RNA Viruses:{{c1::PicornavirusRetrovirusFlavivirusCalicivirusTogavirusCoronavirus}}
Published	07/30/2024	Negative Sense RNA Viruses:{{c1::ParamyxovirusesHepatitis D (delta) VirusArenavirusFilovirusRhabdovirusOrthomyxovirusBunyavirus}}
Published	07/30/2024	Segmented RNA Viruses:{{c1::ArenavirusReovirusOrthomyxovirusBunyavirus}}
Published	07/30/2024	Circular Genome RNA Viruses:{{c1::ArenavirusBunyavirusCircularDeltavirus}}
Published	07/30/2024	+ sense RNA have {{c1::helical}} capsid EXCEPT {{c2::Delta}} Virus
Published	07/30/2024	+ sense RNA have {{c1::icosahedral}} capsid EXCEPT {{c2::Coronavirus}}
Published	07/30/2024	Naked RNA Viruses:{{c1::CalicivirusesHepatitis E virusReovirusPicornavirus}}
Status	Last Update	Fields