Notes in G33 Peritoneal Cavity, Stomach & Spleen

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Published	11/02/2024	The {{c2::peritoneum}} is the double layered serous sack lining the organs of the {{c1::abdominopelvic cavity}}.
Published	11/02/2024	The parietal peritoneum is innervated by {{c1::somatic afferent branches}} from the nerves supplying {{c1::the same body wall segment}}.
Published	11/02/2024	The visceral peritoneum receives innervations, blood supply, and lymphatic drainage from branches supplying {{c1::the organ it adheres to}}.
Published	11/02/2024	Parietal peritoneum is sensitive to {{c1::pain, pressure, and temperature::3}}. Sensation is {{c1::well localized::diffuse/localized}}.
Published	11/02/2024	Visceral peritoneum is sensitive to {{c1::stretch (parasympathetic) and chemical irritants/pain (sympathetics)::2}}.
Published	11/02/2024	The {{c1::peritoneal cavity}} is is a potential space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum. In men, it is {{c1::completely closed off}}. In wo…
Published	11/02/2024	{{c1::Ascites}} is buildup of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity. The removal of this fluid is called {{c1::paracentesis}}.
Published	11/02/2024	Ascites can form as the result of {{c1::trauma, portal hypertension, or cancer metastases::3}}.
Published	11/02/2024	What is mesentery?{{c1::a double layered fold of the peritoneum in which an organ grows that roots it to the posterior body wall}}
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Published	11/02/2024	The dorsal mesentery (development) extends from the {{c1::lower esophagus}} to the {{c1::rectum}}.
Published	11/02/2024	The ventral mesentery (in development) invests the {{c1::stomach}} and the {{c1::upper duodenum}} and is eventually separated into the {{c1::lesser om…
Published	11/02/2024	The mesentary provides a route for {{c1::neurovascular and lymphatic structures}} as well as for {{c1::fat accumulation}}.
Published	11/02/2024	Define peritoneal ligaments.{{c1::Double layer extensions of the peritoneum that connect organs to one another or to the abdominal cavity walls}}
Published	11/02/2024	The {{c1::falciform ligament}} connects the {{c2::liver}} to the {{c2::anterior body wall}}.
Published	11/02/2024	Define an omenta.{{c1::A double layer extension of peritoneum that passes from the stomach and upper duodenum to adjacent organs. Subdivided into the …
Published	11/02/2024	The greater omentum arises from the {{c1::dorsal mesentery::developmental structure}}.
Published	11/02/2024	The greater omentum includes the {{c1::gastrophrenic}} ligament, the {{c1::gastrosplenic}} ligament, and the {{c1::gastrocolic}} ligament.
Published	11/02/2024	The {{c1::gastrophrenic}} ligament connects the stomach to the diaphragm.
Published	11/02/2024	The {{c1::gastrosplenic}} ligament (aka {{c1::gastrolienal}}) connects the stomach to the spleen.
Published	11/02/2024	The {{c1::gastrocolic}} ligament connects the stomach to the transverse colon.
Published	11/02/2024	The (fused) free-hanging, {{c1::four::#}} layered flap over the transverse colon is called the {{c1::omental apron}}.
Published	11/02/2024	The lesser omentum arises form the {{c1::ventral mesentery::developmental origin}}.
Published	11/02/2024	The lesser omentum consists of the {{c1::hepatogastic}} and {{c1::hepatoduodenal}} ligaments.
Published	11/02/2024	The hepatoduodenal ligament connects the duodenum to the liver and contains the {{c1::portal triad}}.
Published	11/02/2024	The splenorenal ligament connects the {{c1::spleen}} to the {{c1::left kidney}}.
Published	11/02/2024	Peritoneal recesses are {{c1::pouches formed by peritoneal reflections}}. eg. the {{c1::inguinal triangle}} aka the {{c1::medial inguinal fossa}}
Published	11/02/2024	The two subdividsions of the peritoneal cavity are the {{c1::greater and lesser peritoneal sacs}}.
Published	11/02/2024	The lesser peritoneal sac (aka the {{c1::omental bursa}}) is bound anteriorly by the {{c1::stomach}}, {{c1::lesser omentum}}, and the {{c1::gastrocoli…
Published	11/02/2024	The greater peritoneal sac consists of {{c1::all areas of the peritoneum not confined within the lesser peritoneal sac}}.
Published	11/02/2024	The {{c1::omental foramen}} (aka {{c1::foramen of winslow}}) is the only route of communication between the greater and lesser peritoneal sacs.
Published	11/02/2024	The boundaries of the foramen of winslow are as follows:Anterior: {{c1::hepatoduodenal ligament}}Posteriorly: {{c1::IVC covered by parietal peritoneum…
Published	11/02/2024	Intraperitoneal structures are {{c1::suspended in the mesentery and covered by visceral peritoneum}}.
Published	11/02/2024	Retroperitoneal structures are {{c1::external to the parietal peritoneum and lack mesentery. They are only covered by peritoneum on one side.}}
Published	11/02/2024	The primary retroperitoneal structures were those that {{c1::never were associated with mesentery}} and include the {{c1::kidneys, ureters, suprarenal…
Published	11/02/2024	The secondary retroperitoneal structures are those that {{c1::were associated with mesentery during development but fused to the abdominal wall}}. The…
Published	11/02/2024	The celiac trunk arises at the mideline of the {{c1::aortic hiatus}}, superior to the {{c1::pancreas}} at the level of {{c1::T12/L1}} vertebra.
Published	11/02/2024	The branches of the celiac trunk include {{c1::the common hepatic a., the splenic a., and the left gastric a.}}
Published	11/02/2024	The gastroduodenal artery gives rise to {{c1::the right gastroepiploic artery (gastromental)the anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal aa…
Published	11/02/2024	The common hepatic a gives rise to the {{c1::gastroduodenal}} and {{c1::proper hepatic}} aa.
Published	11/02/2024	The proper hepatic a gives rise to the {{c1:: right gastric a, the left hepatic artery, and the right hepatic a.::3}}
Published	11/02/2024	The {{c2::right hepatic}} artery gives off a terminal branch to the {{c1::cystic}} artery
Published	11/02/2024	The splenic artery gives rise to the {{c1::pancreatic, short gastric, and the left gastroepiploic arteries::3}}
Published	11/02/2024	The left gastric artery anastamoses with the right gastric artery and also gives rise to the {{c1::esophageal}} artery.
Published	11/02/2024	Blood from the celiac trunk is drained by the {{c1::hepatic portal system.}}
Published	11/02/2024	Major tributaries of the hepatic portal vein include {{c1::the splenic v (and its tributary, the inferior mesenteric v) as well as the superior mesent…
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Published	11/02/2024	In removal of the gallbladder, the {{c1::cystic}} artery must be ligated. To avoid hemorrage in the case of accidental severence, the {{c1::proper hep…
Published	11/02/2024	The esophageal hiatus is just {{c1::left}} of the median plane at {{c1::T10::vertebral level}}
Published	11/02/2024	The esophagus enters the stomach via the {{c1::cardiac orifice}}. The circular muscle in this region along with the diaphragmatic musculature forms th…
Published	11/02/2024	A hiatal hernia is a protusion of the {{c1::stomach}} into the {{c1::mediastinum}} through the {{c1::esophageal hiatus}}.
Published	11/02/2024	In a {{c1::para-esophageal}} hiatal hernia, the fundus of the stomach protudes along with its peritoneum through the esophageal hiatus without disrupt…
Published	11/02/2024	Anterior of the stomach lie {{c1::the diaphragm, liver and anterior abdominal wall::3 structures}}Posterior is the {{c1::omental bursa}}.
Published	11/02/2024	The junction of the esophagus with the stomach forms the {{c1::cardiac}} notch.
Published	11/02/2024	The fundus lies superior to {{c1::the apex of the cardiac notch}}.
Published	11/02/2024	The pyloric region consists of the body-adjacent {{c1::antrum}} and the narrower {{c1::pyloric canal}}
Published	11/02/2024	{{c1::Rugae}} are the gross folds of the gastric mucosa. They are most marked around the {{c1::greater curvature towards the pylorus}}.
Published	11/02/2024	The lesser curvature of the stomach is supplied by {{c1::the right and left gastric aa}}.
Published	11/02/2024	The greater curvature of the stomach is supplied by {{c1::the right and left gastroepiploic}} arteries, branches of {{c1::the gastroduodenal and splen…
Published	11/02/2024	The fundus and upper body of the stomach are supplied by the {{c1::short gastric aa.}}
Published	11/02/2024	The left and right gastric arteries are drained by {{c1::R and L gastric vv which both drain directly into to the portal v.}}
Published	11/02/2024	The {{c2::right}} gastroepiploic vein drains into the {{c1::superior mesenteric}} v and the {{c2::left}} drains into the {{c1::splenic}} vein.
Published	11/02/2024	Lymph drainage of the stomach follows the vascular pattern. Gastric and gastro-omental lymph nodes drain into the {{c1::celiac}} lymph node.
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Published	11/02/2024	The stomach recieves parasympathetic innervation from the {{c1::right and left vagus nn.}} which enter as {{c1::the posterior and anterior vagal trunk…
Published	11/02/2024	Sympathetic innervations of the stomach are from the {{c1::greater splanchnic nerve (T5-T9)}} which synapses in the {{c1::celiac ganglion}}. The postg…
Published	11/02/2024	The spleen is associated with the following structuresposteriorly: {{c1::ribs 9-11 and the left costodiaphragmatic recess, part of the left kidney}}an…
Published	11/02/2024	The {{c1::splenic}} artery is the largest branch of the celiac trunk
Published	11/02/2024	Before entering the splenic hilum, the splenic artery divides into {{c1::4-5 noncommunicating branches}}
Published	11/02/2024	Convergence of the splenic vein and the superior mesenteric vein forms the {{c1::portal}} vein
Published	11/02/2024	Lymph nodes near to the splenic hilum drain into {{c1::pancreaticosplenic}} lymph nodes that drain into {{c1::celiac}} lymph nodes.
Published	11/02/2024	The spleen receives sympathetic innervations from the {{c1::celiac}} plexus.
Published	11/02/2024	The most common source of intraperitoneal hemorrhage is rupture of the {{c1::spleen}}
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