Notes in 07 MRI of the prostate

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Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat are the four parts of prostate?{{c1::Peripheral zone, central zone, transitional zone, anterior fibromuscul…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat does PZ stand for (prostate)?{{c1::Peripheral zone}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat does CZ stand for (prostate)?{{c1::Central zone}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat does TZ stand for (prostate)?{{c1::Transition zone}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat does AFM stand for (prostate)?{{c1::Anterior fibromuscular stroma}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhich part of the prostate is the largest in young men?{{c1::Central zone}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhich part of the prostate enlarges most in bening prostatic hyperplasia?{{c1::Transition zone}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhere relative to the bladder are seminal vesicles located?{{c1::Posterior to the bladder}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhere relative to the prostate are seminal vesicles located?{{c1::Superior to the prostate}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat structures join to create the ejaculatory duct?{{c1::Vas deferens and duct of the seminal vesicle}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateInto what structure does the ejaculatory duct drain?{{c1::Into the prostatic urethra}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateHow does seminal vesicle appear on MRI?{{c1::Fluid signal (low on T1, high on T2) with thin septations}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat seminal vesicles abnormality is commonly seen in cystic fibrosis?{{c1::Bilateral seminal vesicles agen…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat is the most likely explanation for bilateral seminal vesicle agenesis frequently seen in cystic fibroma?{{c…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateDefinition of utricle cyst{{c1::Midline cystic structure within the prostate}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhere relatively to urethra is utricle cyst typically located?{{c1::Posterior to the urethra}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat is the clinical significance of utricle cyst?{{c1::It can result in post-void dribbling}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat are embryologically utricle cysts?{{c1::Remnants of the Müllerian duct system}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateAt what age are typically utricle cysts diagnosed?{{c1::Younger patients - 10-20 years old}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateAt what age are typically Müllerian duct cysts diagnosed?{{c1::30-40 years old}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat is the difference in location of the utricle and Müllerian duct cysts?{{c1::Utricle cysts are always midlin…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateHow does the utricle cyst appear in ultrasound?{{c1::Midline anechoic cyst posterior to the prostatic urethra}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateHow does the utricle cyst appear on MRI?{{c1::High T2 signal; variable appearence if they develop superimposed i…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateDx: {{c1::prostatic utricle cyst}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhen can PSA hint at the diagnosis of prostatitis?{{c1::Fluctuating PSA levels or PSA levels decreasing with ant…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateIn which zone of the prostate is prostatitis most common?{{c1::Peripheral zone}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateHow does prostatitis appear in T2-weighted imaging?{{c1::Regions of T2 hypointense signal}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateHow does prostatitis appear in diffusion weighted imaging?{{c1::Regions of mild to moderate diffusion restr…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateHow does prostatitis appear in dynamic contrast enhanced MRI?{{c1::Increased and early enhancemen…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateIn which zone do the most prostatic cancers arise?{{c1::Peripheral zone}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateHow is histologic prostate cancer classification called?{{c1::Gleason scale}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateGleason score consists of two numbers; what does the first one represent?{{c1::Predominant histological pattern …
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateGleason score consists of two numbers; what does the second one represent?{{c1::Secondary histological…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateThe most important goal of MRI in prostate cancer is to distinguish between {{c1::surgical and nonsurgical}} dis…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhich stage of prostate cancer is generally amenable to radical prostatectomy?{{c1::Confined within the gland (T…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateHow does normal prostatic tissue appear in T1 post-biopsy? Why?{{c1::Hyperintense in T1 due to high concentratio…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat is hemorrhage exclusion sign?{{c1::Smaller bleeding post-biopsy in prostate cancer (compared with normal pr…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstatePost biopsy prostate; most likely dx - {{c1::prostate cancer}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat are the three typical signs of prostate cancers in MRI?{{c1::1. Restricted diffusion with high signal on hi…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat are signs of prostate cancer in MRI spectroscopy?{{c1::Elevated choline and depressed citrate peaks}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat does PI-RADS stand for?{{c1::Prostate imaging reporting and data system}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat reporting system is most commonly used for prostate cancer MRI?{{c1::PI-RADS}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateHow many PI-RADS categories are there?{{c1::5}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhich PIRADS score corresponds to highest risk of the prostate cancer?{{c1::PI-RADS 5}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat is the main parameters in PI-RADS for scoring transitional zone lesions?{{c1::T2WI}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat is the main parameters in PI-RADS for scoring peripheral zone lesions?{{c1::ADC/DWI}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateSignificance of DCE in PI-RADS scoring{{c1::Positive DCE in perhiperal zone upgrades PI-RADS 3 lesion to PI-RADS…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat transitional zone lesions are graded PI-RADS 3?{{c1::T2WI score 3 or T2WI score 2 and DWI 4}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat transitional zone lesions are graded PI-RADS 4?{{c1::T2WI score 3 and DWI score 5 or T2WI score 4}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat peripheral zone lesions are graded PI-RADS 4?{{c1::DWI/ADC score 3 and positive DCE or DWI/ADC score 4}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateT2WI score 1 in PIRADS{{c1::Normal prostate or completly encapsulated lesion}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateT2WI score 2 in PIRADS{{c1::Partially or non-encapsulated lesion}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateT2WI score 3 in PIRADS{{c1::Obscured margins, heterogenous}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateT2WI score 4 in PIRADS{{c1::Non-circumscribed, homogenous, hypointense and less than 1,5 cm}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateT2WI score 5 in PIRADS{{c1::Non-circumscribed, homogenous, hypointense and more than 1,5 cm}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateADC/DWI score 1 in PIRADS{{c1::Normal prostate}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateADC/DWI score 2 in PIRADS{{c1::Linear or wedge shaped lesion}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateADC/DWI score 3 in PIRADS{{c1::Mild to moderate diffusion restriction}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateADC/DWI score 4 in PIRADS{{c1::Marked diffusion restriction <1.5 cm}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateADC/DWI score 4 in PIRADS{{c1::Marked diffusion restriction >1.5 cm}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateExtraprostatic extension - what PI-RADS score?{{c1::PI-RADS 5}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhich lymph nodes are classified as regional in prostate cancer TNM staging?{{c1::Pelvic, hypogastric, sacral, i…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateT stage of prostate cancer: {{c1::T2}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateT stage of prostate: {{c1::T3b}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat DWI score according to PI-RADS? {{c1::PI-RADS 1 - normal prostate}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat DWI score according to PI-RADS? {{c1::PI-RADS 2 - linear or wedge shaped}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat DWI score according to PI-RADS? {{c1::PI-RADS 3 - mild to moderate diffusion restriction}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat DWI score according to PI-RADS? {{c1::PI-RADS 4 - marked diffusion restriction <1.5 cm}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat DWI score according to PI-RADS? {{c1::PI-RADS 5 - marked diffusion restriction >=1.5 cm}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat T2WI score according to PI-RADS? {{c1::PI-RADS 1 - normal prostate}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat T2WI score according to PI-RADS? {{c1::PI-RADS 2 - partially or non-encapsulated nodule}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat T2WI score according to PI-RADS? {{c1::PI-RADS 3 - obscured margins, heterogenous}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat T2WI score according to PI-RADS? {{c1::PI-RADS 4 - non-cricumscribed, homogenous, hypointense <1.5 cm}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat T2WI score according to PI-RADS? {{c1::PI-RADS 5 - non-cricumscribed, homogenous, hypointense >=1.5 cm}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateHow common is bacterial prostatitis?{{c1::Fairly common - prevalence of 10%}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of Prostate{{c1::Chronic::Acute/Chronic}} prostatitis is more common than {{c1::acute::acute/chronic.}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateWhat are the local signs of acute bacterial prostatitis?{{c1::Painful urination, hematuria}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateDoes acute bacterial prostatitis present with systemic symptoms?{{c1::Yes - feves and malaise}}
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateIn which population is chronic bacterial prostatitis most common?{{c1::Older men with undertreated/recurrent acu…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateDoes chronic bacterial prostatitis present with systematic symptoms?{{c1::No, it presents with local symptoms on…
Published	05/01/2023	Genitourinary Imaging: MRI of ProstateClinical course of granulomatous prostatitis{{c1::Typically self-limited}}
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