Notes in WEEK 107 LOs: MSK - Shoulder Injury

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Published	12/01/2024	A fall on an outstretched arm can commonly result in a {{c1::proximal humerus fracture}} or shoulder dislocation.
Published	12/01/2024	A patient presenting with weakness in shoulder during {{c1::abduction}} may have an injury to the rotator cuff.
Published	12/01/2024	A {{c1::squared}} shoulder appearance is often indicative of an anterior shoulder dislocation.
Published	12/01/2024	Damage to the axillary nerve is often associated with {{c1::shoulder dislocation}}.
Published	12/01/2024	Bruising or swelling around the shoulder may indicate a {{c1::fracture}} or soft tissue injury.
Published	12/01/2024	Limited {{c1::range of motion}} is a common symptom after shoulder trauma.
Published	12/01/2024	The hallmark sign of a shoulder dislocation is a loss of the normal {{c1::contour}} of the shoulder.
Published	12/01/2024	{{c1::Rotator cuff tears}} are common in older adults after shoulder trauma, particularly with high force injury or degeneration.
Published	12/01/2024	The supraspinatus is responsible for the first {{c1::15 degrees}} of {{c2::abduction}}.
Published	12/01/2024	Which injury might be suspected if a patient has upper arm pain after a fall but no visible shoulder deformity?
Published	12/01/2024	What imaging is considered a first-line diagnostic tool for shoulder trauma?
Published	12/01/2024	A {{c1::CT scan}} may be performed if a shoulder X-ray is inconclusive or complex fractures are suspected.
Published	12/01/2024	Which test may help identify associated ligament or tendon injuries after shoulder trauma?
Published	12/01/2024	For an anterior shoulder dislocation, a {{c1::reduction}} procedure is required to reposition the humeral head.
Published	12/01/2024	Reduction manually {{c1::realigns}} the dislocated joint to restore its normal {{c1::anatomical}} position.
Published	12/01/2024	A shoulder sling is commonly used after a {{c1::reduction}} to allow healing.
Published	12/01/2024	{{c1::Surgical repair}} is recommended if an MRI shows a full-thickness rotator cuff tear.
Published	12/01/2024	What type of medication is often used for pain management in shoulder trauma cases?
Published	12/01/2024	A {{c1::Bankart}} lesion tear may occur during shoulder dislocation, tearing the surrounding supportive tissue.
Published	12/01/2024	The occurance of anterior shoulder dislocation is {{c1::>95%}}, caused by posterior force. For posterior shoulder dislocation, the occurance i…
Published	12/01/2024	A {{c1::Hill Sachs}} lesion are posterolateral humeral head depression fracture, following the collision of the humeral head with the anterior part of…
Published	12/01/2024	What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint, and why is it prone to dislocation?
Published	12/01/2024	The shoulder is prone to dislocation because the {{c1::humeral head}} is larger than the {{c1::glenoid fossa}}.
Published	12/01/2024	Radial nerve injury commonly causes {{c1::wrist drop}} at the wrist.
Published	12/01/2024	Erb's Palsy affects the {{c1::upper (C5-C6)}} trunk of the brachial plexus.
Published	12/01/2024	A sign of median nerve injury is the inability to flex the {{c1::first three}} fingers.
Published	12/01/2024	A positive sign for an ulnar nerve Injurym is {{c1::hyperextended}} ring and pinky fingers at the knuckles and and {{c2::flexed}} at the fingerti…
Published	12/01/2024	What precedes cartilage destruction in arthritis?
Published	12/01/2024	What is the major proteoglycan of articular cartilage?
Published	12/01/2024	What is the main Type of cartilage collagen?
Published	12/01/2024	What is the function of articular cartilage?
Published	12/01/2024	What is Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)?
Published	12/01/2024	What is osteoarthritis?
Published	12/01/2024	What is cartilage?
Published	12/01/2024	What is articular cartilage composed of?
Published	12/01/2024	What happens biochemically in cartilage with ageing?
Published	12/01/2024	What causes scurvy?
Published	12/01/2024	What are the two types of cells which form connective tissue?
Published	12/01/2024	What are the morphological zones of cartilage?
Published	12/01/2024	What are the four types of cells in adult bone?
Published	12/01/2024	Three types of cartilage?
Published	12/01/2024	List three genetic collagen diseases
Published	12/01/2024	In the balloon model, the rope represents {{c1::collagen II fibrils}}, the balloons represent {{c1::aggregated proteoglycans}}, and the trapped air in…
Published	12/01/2024	In bone, the main type of collagen is {{c1::type I}} that is secreted by osteo{{c1::blasts}}
Published	12/01/2024	In adult cartilage, formation of the {{c1::tidemark}} restricts chondrocyte access to nutrient supply from subchondral bone vasculature
Published	12/01/2024	Collagens make up 20% of articular cartilage. What is its main function?
Published	12/01/2024	Characteristics of articular cartilage?
Published	12/01/2024	Bone is made of two types of lamellar bone- compact and spongy bone. What are the functions of each?
Published	12/01/2024	Bone is a specialised form of connective tissue that consists of cells and an ECM that is {{c1::mineralised}}
Published	12/01/2024	Aggrecan forms large proteogylcan aggregates entrapped within the collagen fibrillar meshwork. Why is this significant?
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