Notes in Week 4 Pharm

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	03/08/2025	Metoprolol / Carvedilol MOA:  {{c1::β1-AdR antagonist}}SNS inhibition: ↓ cardiac {{c1::O2}} demand and {{c1::afterload}}/{{c1::preload}}Renal: In…
Published	03/06/2025	Metoprolol / Carvedilol therapeutics:1st line for {{c1::angina}} / {{c1::ischemic heart}} disease{{c1::Prophylactic}}, as they do not provide rapid re…
Published	03/06/2025	Metoprolol / Carvedilol adverse effects:{{c1::Bradycardia}}{{c1::Bronchoconstriction}}{{c1::AV}} block{{c1::Fatigue}}
Published	03/08/2025	Eptifibatide MOA: {{c1::antiplatelet}}; reversible {{c1::platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa}} receptor {{c1::inhibitor}} Prevents {{c1::platelet}} cr…
Published	03/09/2025	Ranolazine MOA: Late {{c1::inward}} cardiac {{c1::Na+}} current inhibitor↓ late Na+ current in {{c1::ischemic}} cardiomyocytes → ↓ {{c1::Ca2+}} i…
Published	03/06/2025	Ranolazine therapeutics:{{c1::Angina}}
Published	03/06/2025	Eptifibatide therapeutics: {{c1::Percutaneous coronary intervention}} with or without stentGiven via {{c1::IV}} adminitration, is rapidly {{c1::a…
Published	03/08/2025	Ranolazine adverse effects:{{c1::Tachycardia}}{{c1::Hypotension}}{{c1::Flushing}} {{c1::Headache}}Prolongs the {{c1::QT}} interval by inhibiting …
Published	03/06/2025	Adverse effects of Eptifibatide: {{c1::Bleeding}} {{c1::Thrombocytopenia}} (rare)
Published	03/12/2025	Ivabradine MOA: {{c1::HCN channel inhibitor (If current)}}; decreases the {{c1::funny}} current in pacemaker cells by blocking the {{c1::hyperpolariza…
Published	03/10/2025	Clopidogrel MOA: {{c1::antiplatelet}}; Irreversible {{c1::P2Y12 receptor antagonist}} → inhibits formation of {{c1::GpIIb/IIIa}} receptor complex&nbsp…
Published	03/08/2025	Ivabradine therapeutics:{{c1::Angina}} for patients who cannot take {{c1::β}}-blockersContraindicated with cardiac {{c1::Ca2+}} channel blockers and {…
Published	03/08/2025	Clopidogrel therapeutics: {{c1::STEMI}} {{c1::NSTEMI}} Especially useful in pateints intolerant to {{c1::aspirin}}
Published	03/08/2025	Ivabradine adverse effects:Enhanced {{c1::visual brightness}} by blocking HCN channels in the {{c1::retina}}{{c1::Bradycardia}}{{c1::Headaches}}
Published	03/08/2025	Clopidogrel adverse effects: Low incidence of {{c1::bleeding}} Significant # of {{c1::DDIs}} → particularly {{c1::omeprazole::PPI}}
Published	03/08/2025	Verapamil / Diltiazem MOA: {{c1::Cardiac}} selective {{c1::Ca2+}} channel blocker↑ Refractory period of {{c1::AV}} node, ↓ {{c1::HR}}↓ cardiac {{c1::w…
Published	03/08/2025	Amlodipine / Nifedipine MOA: {{c1::Vascular}} selective {{c1::Ca2+}} channel blockers{{c1::Vasodilates}} the peripheral vasculature↓ {{c1::afterload}}…
Published	03/08/2025	Aspirin MOA: {{c1::irreversible COX1/2 inhibitor }}Its irreversible nature requires {{c1::new platelets}} to be formed to reverse its effects → a…
Published	03/06/2025	Aspirin therapeutics (in regard to the CVS): Prevent new or subsequent {{c1::MI}} {{c1::Transient ischemic attacks (TIA)}}{{c1::Ischemic str…
Published	03/08/2025	Verapamil / Diltiazem / Amlodipine / Nifedipine (Ca2+ channel blockers) therapeutics:{{c1::Angina}}/{{c1::Ischemic}} heart disease{{c1::Prophylactic}}…
Published	03/06/2025	Aspirin adverse effects: Excessive {{c1::bleeding}} {{c1::Gastric}} and/or {{c1::peptic}} ulceration {{c1::Asthma}} exacerbation {…
Published	03/06/2025	Verapamil / Diltiazem adverse effects:{{c1::Bradycardia}}{{c1::Hypotension}} with vasodilator or B-blocker co-administration{{c1::Drug-drug}} interact…
Published	03/06/2025	Amlodipine adverse effects:{{c1::Hypotension}}{{c1::Flushing}}{{c1::Dizziness}}{{c1::Peripheral edema}}
Published	03/08/2025	Nitroglycerin MOA: {{c1::NO donor}} i.e. {{c1::vasodilator}}Dilating coronary arteries: ↑ {{c1::cardiac blood}} supply↑ {{c1::O2}} supplyDilating the …
Published	03/08/2025	Protamine Sulfate MOA: highly {{c1::cationic peptide}} that binds to {{c1::heparin}} → {{c1::heparin reversal agent}}Blocks interaction of {{c1::hepar…
Published	03/06/2025	Protamine sulfate is used to reverse significant {{c1::bleeding}} caused by heparin
Published	03/06/2025	Nitroglycerin therapeutics:Acute episodes of {{c1::angina}}/{{c1::ischemic heart}} disease{{c1::Sublingual}} administration to provide {{c1::rapid}} s…
Published	03/06/2025	Nitroglycerin adverse effects:Excessive {{c1::hypotension}}
Published	03/06/2025	Alteplase MOA: Recombinant {{c1::tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)}}Binds to {{c1::fibrin}} in thrombusConverts {{c1::plasminogen}} to {{c1::plasmin}…
Published	03/06/2025	Heparin MOA: {{c1::negatively}} charged {{c1::polysaccharide}} that forms a complex with endogenous {{c1::antithrombin III}} → {{c1::Xa}}/{{c1::thromb…
Published	03/06/2025	Alteplase therapeutics:{{c1::MI}}, ideally less than {{c1::3 hours}} after first symptoms appear
Published	03/06/2025	Alteplase adverse effects:{{c1::Bleeding}}{{c1::GI}} and {{c1::cerebral}} hemorrhaging
Published	03/06/2025	Enoxaparin MOA: {{c1::LMWH}} → {{c1::Xa}}/{{c1::thrombin}} inhibitor Has greater {{c1::bioavailability}} and {{c1::longer}} duration of action co…
Published	03/06/2025	Heparin therapeutics: Acute {{c1::MI}} {{c1::Venous thromboembolism}} prevention {{c1::DVT}} & {{c1::PE}} treatment
Published	03/06/2025	The anticoagulation effect of heparin is monitored by {{c1::PTT}}
Published	03/06/2025	Heparin adverse effects: Increased incidence of {{c1::bleeding}} {{c1::Heparin induced thrombocytopenia}}
Published	03/06/2025	Initial interventions in STEMI management: NSAID → {{c1::Aspririn}} β-blocker → {{c1::Metoprolol}}Nitrates → {{c1::Nitroglycerin}}
Published	03/06/2025	Metoprolol, Nitroglycerin, and Aspirin are used to treat {{c1::stable angina}}Signs and symptoms:Troponin {{c1::-::-/+}}Normal/transiet ST-{{c1::depre…
Published	03/06/2025	Reperfusion strategy in management of STEMI: {{c1::PCI}} ideal within 90 minutes{{c1::Fibrinolytics}} if > 120 minutes from {{c1::PCI}}
Published	03/06/2025	Metoprolol, Nitroglycerin, Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Heparin or Enoxaparin, +/- PCI are used to treat {{c1::unstable angina}}Signs and symptoms:Troponin {…
Published	03/08/2025	To maintain vessel patency in management of a STEMI: Antiplatelet → {{c1::clopidogrel}} in addition to {{c1::aspirin}}Anticoagulant → {{c1::hepar…
Published	03/08/2025	Metoprolol, Nitroglycerin, Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Heparin or Enoxaparin, PCI are used to treat {{c1::NSTEMI}}Signs and symptoms:Troponin {{c1::+::-/+}}…
Published	03/06/2025	Metoprolol, Nitroglycerin, Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Heparin or Enoxaparin, PCI or Alteplase are used to treat {{c1::STEMI}}Signs and symptoms:Troponin {{…
Published	03/08/2025	Post-NSTEMI management: Indefinitely: {{c1::Low dose aspirin}}Indefinitely: {{c1::Lipid lowering (statin)}} Indefinitely: {{c1::ACEi}}/{{c1:…
Published	03/06/2025	What test do you run for stable angina evaluation:patient is able to exercise → ECG {{c1::exercise stress test}}patient is not able to exercise → phar…
Status	Last Update	Fields