Notes in OG7.1 Diagnostic and Surgical procedures in Gynaecology

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Published	10/04/2024	These are indications for {{c1::diagnostic laparoscopy::surgery}} in gynecology:- Unexplained pelvic pain- Subfertility (to inspect uterus, tubes…
Published	10/04/2024	These are indications for {{c1::therapeutic laparoscopy::surgery}} in gynecology:- Sterilization- Adhesiolysis- Treatment of endometriosis&n…
Published	10/04/2024	During a laparoscopy, the patient is placed in a {{c1::semi-lithotomy}} position, and the {{c2::bladder}} is emptied to avoid injury
Published	10/04/2024	Prior to incision in laparoscopy, the {{c1::cervix}} is cannulated to facilitate anteversion of the uterus and visualisation of pelvic organs
Published	10/04/2024	During a laparoscopy, a {{c1::verres}} needle is inserted in the umbilical base until the tip of the needle is in the peritoneal cavity
Published	10/04/2024	During a laparoscopy, CO2 should reach an intraperitoneal pressure of {{c1::20 - 25}} mmHg
Published	10/04/2024	The most common method used by gynecologists to enter the abdomen in laparoscopy is the {{c1::closed method using the veress needle}}
Published	10/04/2024	The most common method used by general surgeons to enter the abdomen in laparoscopy is the {{c1::open method using Hasson technique}}
Published	10/04/2024	Proponents of open entry in laparoscopy claim {{c1::that bowel injury is less likely to be missed}}
Published	10/04/2024	These are indications for {{c1::diagnostic hysteroscopy::surgery}}:- Postmenopausal bleeding- Abnormal uterine bleeding- Assessment of uterine structu…
Published	10/04/2024	These are indications for {{c1::therapeutic hysteroscopy::surgery}}:- Removal of an endometrial polyp/retained IUD- Resection of a submucosal fibroid/…
Published	10/04/2024	The contraindications to hysteroscopy are:- {{c1::Pelvic infection }}- {{c1::Pregnancy }}- {{c1::Cervical cancer (due to heav…
Published	10/04/2024	Total hysterectomy is removal of {{c1::uterus and cervix}}
Published	10/04/2024	Subtotal hysterectomy is removal of {{c1::uterus only}}
Published	10/04/2024	These are specific indications for {{c1::abdominal hysterectomy::surgery}}:- Uterine cancer- Ovarian cancer- Menorrhagia refractory to medical or…
Published	10/04/2024	Myomectomy is associated with {{c1::greater::less/greater}} blood loss than hysterectomy
Published	10/04/2024	These are the indications for {{c1::vaginal hysterectomy}}:- 2nd or 3rd degree uterine prolapse- Any other benign indication where the uterus is …
Published	10/04/2024	These are the contraindications for a vaginal hysterectomy:- {{c1::Genital tract malignancy }}- {{c1::Uncertain ovarian pathology …
Published	10/04/2024	Anterior colporrhaphy is designed to correct {{c1::cystocoele}}
Published	10/04/2024	Posterior colporrhaphy is designed to repair a {{c1::rectocoele}}
Published	10/04/2024	Main complication of posterior colporrhaphy is {{c1::dyspareunia}}
Published	10/04/2024	Complications of anterior colporrhaphy:- {{c1::Urinary retention }}- {{c1::Vaginal shortening }}- {{c1::Bladder/urethral inju…
Published	10/04/2024	Outpatient hysteroscopy does not use {{c1::general anesthetic}} but inpatient hysteroscopy does (day case)
Published	10/04/2024	Direct entry technique = {{c1::primary trocar pushed through all layers of abdomen sub-umbilically}}
Published	10/04/2024	Complications of laparoscopyfrequent: {{c1::bruising, shoulder tip pain, wound dehiscence, infection::4}}injury to {{c1::bowel, bladder, vasculature, …
Published	10/04/2024	Contraindications to laparoscopy{{c1::bowel obstruction}}{{c1::generalized peritonitis}}{{c1::diaphragmatic hernia}}{{c1::severe cardiorespiratory dis…
Published	10/04/2024	Complications of hysterectomyfrequent: {{c1::wound infection, pain, bruising, delayed wound healing, numbness/burning around scar, urinary frequency, …
Published	10/04/2024	Complications of tubal surgeryhigher chance of {{c1::ectopic pregnancy}}bleedinginfection{{c1::tubal perforation}} (if during recannalization){{c1::re…
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