Notes in MCPAP::Didactic - P2::Phizzz 1::Exam 1

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	09/10/2024	Which global chemical messenger is derived from epithelium?{{c1::Hormones}}
Published	09/10/2024	Which global chemical messenger is derived from neuronal tissues?{{c1::Neurohormones}}
Published	09/10/2024	What type of effect on the body do hormones and neurohormones have?{{c1::Global}}
Published	09/10/2024	What type of effects do neurotransmitters have?{{c1::Local}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Paracrine signaling}} –chemical messengers secreted by one cell attach to and stimulate another cell
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Autocrine signaling}} –chemical messengers secreted by a cell attach to and stimulates itself
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Juxtacrine signaling}} –chemical messengers are located on the plasma membrane of a cell and the two cells must come in contact with each o…
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.2023:top=.8943:width=.7363:height=.0848:oi=1}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.0559:top=.861:width=.8628:height=.097:oi=1}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.1578:top=.858:width=.7292:height=.1061:oi=1}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Hydrophilic}} hormones {{c1::cannot}} (can/cannot) easily pass through the lipid bilayer
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Hydrophobic}} hormones {{c1::can}} (can/cannot) easily pass through the lipid bilayer
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Intracellular}} receptors are primarily used by {{c2::lipid-soluble}} substances and gases that can diffuse through the plasma membran…
Published	09/10/2024	Explain how the Hormone and the Endocrine disruptor both have specificity and are comeptitors at the same time?
Published	09/10/2024	A high affininty receptor causes {{c1::increased}} (increased/decreased) binding of a messenger
Published	09/10/2024	Agonist drugs {{c1::activate}} (activate/inhibit) the receptors for a given chemical signal
Published	09/10/2024	Antagonist drugs {{c1::inhibit}} (activate/inhibit) the receptors for a given chemical signal
Published	09/10/2024	Explain what occurs in up-regulation?
Published	09/10/2024	Explain what occurs in down-regulation?
Published	09/10/2024	Explain how an intracellular receptor is activated?
Published	09/10/2024	Explain briefly how receptors with ions channels function?
Published	09/10/2024	What neurological structure is a good example of an receptor with an ion channel?
Published	09/10/2024	Briefly explain how a g-protein coupled receptor functions?
Published	09/10/2024	What enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of glycogen?
Published	09/10/2024	Ethel is a 102 YOF who presents with a BGL of -130 mg/dL. Explain the G-Protein coupled pathway the glucagon you administered to her is using to keep …
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.0898:top=.153:width=.5945:height=.0365:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.612:top=.3084:width=.282:height=.0716:o…
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.7571:top=.5841:width=.2364:height=.0527:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.5443:top=.6057:width=.0603:height=.035…
Published	09/10/2024	The only receptor with intrinsic enzyme activity is a {{c1::receptor tyrosine kinase}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Tyrosine kinase}} –phosphorylates the amino acid {{c1::tyrosine}} in proteins
Published	09/10/2024	Explain the JAK-Stat pathway (3)
Published	09/10/2024	Explain the general pathway of Eicosanoids (4)
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.2505:top=.722:width=.1838:height=.0271:oi=1}}{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.4752:top=.7233:width=.1809:height=.023:…
Published	09/10/2024	What two kinds of molecules use intracellular receptors?{{c1::Lipids (steroids) and Gases (NO, CO)}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Internalization}} - when the chemical signal binds to the receptor, both are taken into the cell by receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Published	09/10/2024	Internalization of a messenger/receptor is a form of {{c1::down regulation}}
Published	09/10/2024	Explain the 3 steps of the G-Protein pathway used to bind calcium to calmodulin1. {{c1::Signal binds and G-protein is activated}}2. {{c1::Alpha attach…
Published	09/10/2024	What are the 2 methods that a G-protein receptor can reset?1. {{c1::Alpha subunit hydrolyzes GTP to GDP}}2. {{c2::G-protein signaling regulator protei…
Published	09/10/2024	What is the primary change that resets a g-protein?{{c1::GTP is hydrolzed back to GDP}}
Published	09/10/2024	What is the effector protein used in the Glucagon G-protein pathway?{{c1::Adenlyl cyclase}}
Published	09/10/2024	What is the effector protein used by Epinephrine?{{c1::Phospholipase C}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.5318:top=.5725:width=.045:height=.0352:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.6434:top=.8188:width=.0512:height=.0352…
Published	09/10/2024	JAK kinases are a type of {{c1::tyrosine kinase}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Homeostasis}} is the ability of the human body to stabilize internal condition
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Set point}}: the ideal value of a given variable
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.2558:top=.5992:width=.1132:height=.0387:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.4403:top=.4873:width=.0853:height=.061…
Published	09/10/2024	This picture is showing a {{c1::negative feeback}} mechanism
Published	09/10/2024	In a negative feeback mechanism, the response of the {{c1::effector}} returns the variable to the normal range
Published	09/10/2024	The control center in a negative feedback system isn't always the brain. Other control center examples include: (3){{c4::{{c1::Negative feedback in a …
Published	09/10/2024	How does negative feedback work in a biochemical pathway?{{c1::Substrates are eventually created into active products. When the active product accumul…
Published	09/10/2024	The aldosterone-secreting cells of the {{c1::adrenal cortex}} can sense the potassium concentration of the extracellular fluid
Published	09/10/2024	Potassium Negative Feedback Pathway An increase in potassium concentration results in the secretion of {{c1::aldosterone}} from the {{c2::adrenal cort…
Published	09/10/2024	Potasium Negative Feedback Pathway Aldosterone increases the production of {{c1::Na/K pumps}} and Na and K ion channels to increase {{c2::postassium s…
Published	09/10/2024	What is one example of a medication that could be given to increase a patients potassium levels? (Based on the Potassium negative feedback pathway){{c…
Published	09/10/2024	Aldosterone causes more {{c1::potassium}} to be {{c2::excreted}} and more {{c1::sodium}} to {{c2::withheld}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Beta}} cells of the pancreas secrete {{c1::insulin}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Alpha}} cells of the pancreas secrete {{c2::glucagon}}
Published	09/10/2024	Glucose and Insulin Secretion PathwayAn increase in ADP/ATP closes {{c2::ATP-gated potassium channels}}, blocking {{c1::K+}} from {{c1::leaving the ce…
Published	09/10/2024	Glucose and Insulin Secretion PathwayBlock the ability of {{c2::K+}} to exit the cell causes the cell to become {{c1::depolarized}}
Published	09/10/2024	Glucose and Insulin Secretion PathwayOnce the Beta-cell becomes depolarized, voltage gated {{c3::calcium}} channels open {{c3::calcium}} fluxes in. In…
Published	09/10/2024	Explain the general steps in this pathway{{c1::Click Lecture}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Sulfonurea}} medications can mimic the {{c2::ATP/ADP}} in the insulin pathway helping to trigger the release of {{c3::insluin}} in diabetics
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.2496:top=.3378:width=.1457:height=.0434:oi=1}}{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.5783:top=.7428:width=.1566:height=.035…
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.1147:top=.4823:width=.3225:height=.0625:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.5612:top=.4969:width=.2915:height=.05:…
Published	09/10/2024	As the body's demands change the {{c1::set-point}} changes temporarily to meet those demands
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:polygon:left=.6066:top=.0491:points=.6825,.05 .6825,.1009 .6076,.1009 .6076,.1424 .9905,.1424 .9863,.0575:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occl…
Published	09/10/2024	In a {{c1::positive-feedback}} mechanism, a response is continually triggered for as long as a {{c2::stimulus}} is present
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Feedfoward Regulation}} : A stimulus causes a response before a change in the variable
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Acclimization}} : Adjusting to a change that is prolonged
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Circadian Rhythm}} : Any biological process with a 24 hour cycle
Published	09/10/2024	What are the two types of synapses?{{c1::Electrical}} and {{c1::Chemical}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Presynaptic terminal or varicosity}} – the part of an axon that contains {{c1::synaptic vesicles filled with neurotransmitters}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Postsynaptic membrane}} –the membrane of the postsynaptic cell with {{c2::receptor proteins for the neurotransmitter to bind}}
Published	09/10/2024	The change in voltage caused by an action potential opens {{c1::calcium channels}} in the presynaptic membrane
Published	09/10/2024	The {{c2::calcium influx}} in the presynaptic membrane signals the synaptic vesicles {{c1::to release neurotransmitters by exocytosis}}
Published	09/10/2024	What occurs after neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft?{{c1::Neurotransmitters diffuse and attach to receptors on the postsynaptic m…
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Ionotropic}} receptors are ligand-gated {{c1::ion}} channels work as receptors
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Metabotropic}} receptors are {{c1::G protein coupled}} receptors cause change in second messenger quantity
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.5567:top=.3363:width=.1472:height=.0419:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.5567:top=.4179:width=.1411:height=.041…
Published	09/10/2024	What kind of effect comes from a nicotinic receptor?{{c1::Excitatory}}
Published	09/10/2024	What kind of effect comes from a muscarinic receptor?{{c1::Exicitatory or Inhibitory}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Ach}} uses {{c1::cholingeric}} receptor
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.362:top=.3115:width=.0567:height=.041:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.3758:top=.3682:width=.0567:height=.0352:…
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.3067:top=.2083:width=.0491:height=.0342:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.0552:top=.3002:width=.2745:height=.040…
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Norepinephrine}} or {{c2::epinephrine}} can bind to {{c3::adrenergic}} receptors, which can be {{c4::excitatory or inhibitory}} (stimulation)
Published	09/10/2024	The adrenal (suprarenal) medulla releases {{c2::norepinephrine}} ({{c1::20}}%) and {{c2::epinephrine}} ({{c1::80}}%) into the blood
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Beta}} -type (alpha/beta) receptors have a higher affinity for epinephrine than {{c2::alpha}} receptors
Published	09/10/2024	What type of receptors have a high affinity for epinehrine?{{c1::Beta receptors}}
Published	09/10/2024	Where are nicotinic receptors comomnly found in the body?{{c1::The NMJ}}
Published	09/10/2024	Where are muscarinic receptors commonly found in the body? (3){{c1::Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands}}
Published	09/10/2024	What are the two types of adrenergic receptors?{{c1::Alpha}} and {{c1::Beta}}
Published	09/10/2024	Where are adrenergic receptors commonly found in the body? (3){{c1::Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Gq}} protein activates {{c2::phospholipase C}} – breaks down {{c3::PIP}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Gi}} protein inhibits the production of {{c2::cAMP}} by {{c3::adenylate cyclase}} effector protein
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Gs}} protein increases the production of {{c1::cAMP}} by the {{c3::adenylate cyclase}} effector protein
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.0368:top=.3303:width=.2623:height=.0582:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.023:top=.5521:width=.2761:height=.0515…
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.2548:top=.6551:width=.034:height=.0459}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.7775:top=.3114:width=.0366:height=.0521}}{{c…
Published	09/10/2024	The main sympathetic receptor in the heart is {{c1::Beta 1}}
Published	09/10/2024	Sympathetic innervation to the SA node will cause increased {{c1::heart rate}}
Published	09/10/2024	Sympathetic innervation to the atria will cause increased {{c1::contractility}}
Published	09/10/2024	Sympathetic innervation to the AV node will cause increased {{c1::conduction velocity}}
Published	09/10/2024	Sympathetic innervation to the venticles will cause increased {{c1::contractility}}
Published	09/10/2024	The main sympathetic receptor in the lungs is {{c1::Beta 2}}
Published	09/10/2024	Stimulation of the {{c2::Beta-2}} receptor in the lungs will cause {{c1::bronchodilation}}
Published	09/10/2024	Stimulation of the {{c2::M-3}} receptor in the lungs will cause {{c1::bronchoconstriction}}
Published	09/10/2024	The main {{c2::parasympathetic}} receptor in the lungs is the {{c1::M3}} receptor
Published	09/10/2024	Kidney Sympathetic ReceptorsSympathetic {{c1::α1}} and {{c1::α2}} receptors {{c3::vasoconstrict arterioles}} of kidneySympathetic {{c4::α1}}…
Published	09/10/2024	Parasympathetic {{c1::M2}} and {{c1::M3}} receptors within the bladder help to {{c2::contract}} the bladder
Published	09/10/2024	Parasympathetic {{c1::M1}} and {{c1::M3}} receptors stimulate secretion of saliva
Published	09/10/2024	The primary parasympathetic receptors in the stomach are {{c1::M3}} and {{c2::M1}}
Published	09/10/2024	What is the primary parasympathetic receptor in the intestines?{{c1::M3}}
Published	09/10/2024	What is the primary parasympathetic receptor in the pancreas?{{c1::M3}}
Published	09/10/2024	Parasympathetic innervation to glands generally increases/decreases secretions?{{c1::Increases}}
Published	09/10/2024	What receptor is responsible for insulin secretion?{{c1::Sympathetic B2 receptors}}
Published	09/10/2024	Sympathetic {{c1::β2}} receptors stimulate {{c2::insulin}} secretion in the pancreas
Published	09/10/2024	In the gallbladder, parasympathetic {{c1::M3}} receptors contract
Published	09/10/2024	In the liver, sympathetic receptors would stimulate energy breakdown/storage{{c1::Breakdown - Glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis}}
Published	09/10/2024	In the uterus, {{c1::Sympathetic β2}} receptors relax the uterus
Published	09/10/2024	In sweat glands, {{c1::Sympathetic M3}} receptors increase secretion
Published	09/10/2024	In blood vessels {{c3::Sympathetic}} receptors constrict arterioles ({{c1::α1}}) and veins ({{c1::α2}})
Published	09/10/2024	Sympathetic {{c1::β2}} receptors specifically dilate the: (2){{c2::Coronary arteries}}{{c3::Hepatic artery}}
Published	09/10/2024	Acetylcholine causes endothelial cells to produce {{c1::nitric oxide}}, which diffuses to smooth muscle and results in {{c2::vasodilation }}
Published	09/10/2024	Sympathetic {{c1::β2}} receptors inhibit {{c2::histamine}} release from {{c3::mast cells}} and {{c3::basophils}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Acetylcholinesterase}} on postsynaptic membrane breaks down ACh
Published	09/10/2024	The immediate inside of the membrane is {{c1::negatively}} charged
Published	09/10/2024	The immediate outside of the membrane is {{c1::positively}} charged
Published	09/10/2024	In general, both intracellular and extracellular fluids are {{c1::neutral}} in charge
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Extracellular}} space has a higher concentration of {{c1::Na+}} ions
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Intracellular}} space has a higher concentration of {{c2::K+}}
Published	09/10/2024	The Na/K pump moves {{c2::3 Na+}} out of cell and {{c1::2 K+}} move into cell
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::K+}} is able to diffuse passively out of the cell due to {{c2::leak channels}} that are always open
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Cl-}} ions are repelled by negatively charged proteins inside the cell and are attracted to the {{c2::Na+}} ions outside of the cell
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Depolarization}} - Difference in charge between inside and outside of cell decreases and membrane potential becomes more {{c2::positive}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Hyperpolarization}} - Difference in charge between inside and outside of cell increases and membrane potential becomes more {{c2::negative}}&nbs…
Published	09/10/2024	What is the charge at normal RMP?{{c1::-70 mV}}
Published	09/10/2024	If the membrane becomes more permeable to Na+, then more Na+ diffuses {{c1::into}} the cell and the inside becomes more {{c2::positive}}
Published	09/10/2024	If the membrane becomes more permeable to K+, then more K+ diffuses {{c2::out}} of the cell and the inside becomes more {{c1::negative}}
Published	09/10/2024	A {{c2::graded}} potential is caused by a stimulus that changes the {{c1::permeability}} of the plasma membrane
Published	09/10/2024	{{c3::Graded}} potentials spread in a {{c1::decremental}} fashion –the magnitude decreases as they move {{c2::farther}} from the site of initial stimu…
Published	09/10/2024	Graded potentials vary in {{c2::magnitude}} depending on the {{c1::strength}} of a stimulus
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::EPSP}} : A depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane caused by an increase in the membrane permeability to {{c2::Na+}}
Published	09/10/2024	An EPSP brings the membrane {{c1::closer}} to its threshold
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::IPSP}} : Type potential cause by hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane caused by an increase in the membrane permeability to {{c2::K+}}
Published	09/10/2024	An {{c2::IPSP}} takes the membrane potential {{c1::farther}} from reaching threshold
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Summation}} - {{c2::The magnitudes of graded potentials can be added to each other}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Spatial summation}} : {{c2::Two or more presynaptic neurons stimulate one postsynaptic neuron}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Temporal summation}} : {{c2::One presynaptic neuron transmits two or more action potentials in close succession}}
Published	09/10/2024	Spatial and temporal summation can have both {{c1::inhibitory}} and {{c1::excitatory}} effects
Published	09/10/2024	What is the typical threshold value?{{c1::-50 mV}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.2064:top=.2677:width=.247:height=.0417:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.6157:top=.2586:width=.2578:height=.049:…
Published	09/10/2024	An AP has a depolarization phase in which the membrane potential changes from {{c1::-50}} mV to {{c2::20}} mV
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.4126:top=.3029:width=.0828:height=.0344:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.612:top=.3759:width=.0813:height=.0385…
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.5521:top=.3469:width=.0475:height=.0285:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.2577:top=.414:width=.0491:height=.0264…
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.6028:top=.2425:width=.0537:height=.0385:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.3558:top=.3703:width=.0506:height=.036…
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.4923:top=.2873:width=.0552:height=.0262:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.3113:top=.497:width=.0567:height=.0343…
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.4233:top=.2754:width=.0598:height=.0305:oi=1}}
Published	09/10/2024	When do Na+ inactivation gates open again?{{c1::Once the charge cross RMP into the afterpotential}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Absolute refractory period}} : {{c2::Once a cell is depolarized to the threshold level, an AP occurs and another stimulus can not cause a great…
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Relative refractory period}} : {{c2::During the afterpotential, a period where another action potential could occur if the stimulus would be str…
Published	09/10/2024	Why can APs not travel backwards?{{c1::The absolute refractory period doesn't allow travel backwards}}
Published	09/10/2024	An AP is an {{c1::all-or-none}} type of change
Published	09/10/2024	A neuron with a {{c1::larger}} diameter will conduct the action potential {{c2::faster}} than a neuron with a {{c1::smaller}} diameter
Published	09/10/2024	Action potential propagation is {{c2::faster}} in {{c1::myelinated}} axons than in {{c1::unmyelinated}} axons
Published	09/10/2024	{{c3::Myelinated}} axons allows the AP to jump to each {{c1::Node of Ranvier}} which allows for {{c2::much faster}} conduction
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Unmyelinated}} axons have to regenerate an AP at each point along the axon, which results in {{c1::much slower}} conduction of the AP
Published	09/10/2024	The {{c2::strength}} of a sensory stimulus is percieved by the {{c1::frequency}} of an AP sent to the CNS by the neuron
Published	09/10/2024	In the nervous system, the {{c1::frequency}} of action potentials determines the {{c2::strength}} of the signal
Published	09/10/2024	In the endocrine system, the concentration of a {{c1::hormone}} determines the strength of the signal
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Convergent pathway}} – {{c2::multiple presynaptic cells synapse on a small number of postsynaptic cells }}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Divergent pathway}} – {{c2::a smaller number of presynaptic cells synapse on a larger number of postsynaptic cells }}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Oscillating (reverberating) circuit}} – {{c2::cells are arranged in a circular pattern}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.1028:top=.9228:width=.444:height=.049:oi=1}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.1288:top=.9282:width=.3949:height=.0454:oi=1}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.1818:top=.921:width=.6191:height=.0417:oi=1}}
Published	09/10/2024	One motor neuron controlling multiple muscle fibers is an example of a {{c1::divergent}} pathway
Published	09/10/2024	Movements that are rhythmic are controlled by {{c3::oscillating circuits}} such as {{c2::ventilation}} or {{c1::locomotion}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Presynaptic inhibition}} – {{c2::an inhibitory cell releases a neuromodulator that decreases the amount of neurotransmitter secreted by the othe…
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Presynaptic facilitation}} – {{c2::an excitatory cell releases a neuromodulator that increases the amount of neurotransmitter secreted by the ot…
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.388:top=.2461:width=.2163:height=.1893:oi=1}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Anterograde}} transport – {{c2::kinesin proteins transport from cell body to axon terminal}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Retrograde}} transport – {{c1::dynein proteins transport from axon terminal to cell body }}
Published	09/10/2024	What are the two types of neuroglia cells within the PNS?{{c2::{{c1::Schwann cells}}Satellite cells}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Schwann cells}} {{c3::myelinate axons}} of neurons in the {{c1::peripheral nervous}} system
Published	09/10/2024	{{c3::Satellite cells}} are small cells that {{c1::surround neuron cell bodies}} in {{c2::PNS}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c3::Oligodendrocytes}} {{c1::myelinate axons}} of neurons within the {{c2::CNS}}
Published	09/10/2024	The main function of {{c1::Astrocytes}} is to support neruons and capillaries in the {{c2::CNS}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Astrocytes}} can {{c1::guide migration}} of new neurons and the formation of synapses
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Astrocytes}} play a role in storage and breakdown of glycogen for neurons in the {{c2::CNS}}
Published	09/10/2024	Which neuroglial cell is derived from hematopoietic stem cells?{{c1::Microglia}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Microglia}} are derived from {{c2::hematopoietic stem cells}}
Published	09/10/2024	What neuroglial cell makes up the blood-brain barrier?{{c1::Astrocytes}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Astrocytes}} can control cerebral blood flow by controlling vasodilation/constriction of arterioles
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Astrocytes}} can fill in areas where damage has occured in the CNS to form a {{c1::glial scar}}
Published	09/10/2024	The {{c1::Microglia}} are the {{c2::immune cells of the CNS}}
Published	09/10/2024	Microglia are similar to what immune cell and why?{{c1::Macrophages because they can recognize foreign cells and phagocyotize}}
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Microglia}} can also act as {{c2::antigen presenting cells}}, which help in recongizing previous foreign invaders in the future
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Ependymal cells}} form {{c3::choroid plexuses}} with blood capillaries and filter blood plasma to produce {{c2::CSF}}
Published	09/10/2024	Axons in the PNS can regenerate at a rate of ~ {{c1::1.5mm}} per day
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.2256:top=.415:width=.1829:height=.0667:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.5701:top=.4171:width=.3704:height=.0517…
Published	09/10/2024	{{c1::Ascending}} neural pathways are involved in arousal and alertness
Published	09/10/2024	{{c2::Anterolateral}} lemniscus pathways transmit information related to {{c1::pain}} and {{c1::temperature}}
Status	Last Update	Fields