Notes in MSA 460 Exam 2 - Community MASTER

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Published	06/12/2024	image test
Published	06/13/2024	What is Pharmacokinetics?
Published	06/13/2024	What is absorption?
Published	06/13/2024	What is bioavailability?
Published	06/13/2024	What is first pass metabolism? What kind of drugs does it apply to?
Published	06/14/2024	What is the distribution of Cardiac Output?
Published	06/14/2024	What is pharmacological redistribution and what is it responsible for?
Published	06/14/2024	What is elimination?
Published	06/14/2024	Explain the concept of half-life.
Published	06/14/2024	What is volume of distribution?
Published	06/14/2024	More {{c1::lipophilic}} drugs show a {{c1::larger}} apparent Vd than {{c1::hydrophilic}} drugs.
Published	06/14/2024	What is Median Effective Dose?
Published	06/14/2024	What is Median Lethal Dose?
Published	06/14/2024	A good drug has a good therapeutic index. What does this mean in terms of ED50 and LD50?
Published	06/14/2024	Agonist
Published	06/14/2024	Antagonist
Published	06/14/2024	Competitive Antagonist
Published	06/14/2024	Non-competitive Antagonist
Published	06/14/2024	The two main classes of induction drugs are {{c1::Barbiturate and Nonbarbiturate}}.
Published	06/14/2024	Induction Drugs - Site of Action
Published	06/14/2024	Reticular Activating System Neurotransmitters
Published	06/14/2024	Any drugs that {{c1::enhances}} GABA or {{c1::depresses}} ACh in the RAS will induce unconsciousness.
Published	06/14/2024	The average adult male's Total Body Water (TBW) is what percent of their body weight? For females?
Published	06/14/2024	what are three things that can change Total Body Water(TBW)?
Published	06/14/2024	What 2 components make up Total Body Water?
Published	06/14/2024	How many Liters of fluid is accounted for in the intravascular space?
Published	06/14/2024	What are the 3 types of volume in the extracellular component of TBW (Total body water)?
Published	06/14/2024	When talking about electrolytes in the fluid, higher concentrations of proteins (albumin) creates _______oncotic pressure that is greater than _______…
Published	06/14/2024	Higher concentrations of proteins (albumin) in the plasma help maintain what type of volume?
Published	06/14/2024	Oncotic pressure is a force extered by _______ that draws in water
Published	06/14/2024	osmotic pressure is a force that drives the moveement of water from an area of _____ solute to ______ solute.
Published	06/20/2024	Molarity is
Published	06/20/2024	Molality is
Published	06/20/2024	When there is a number listed as a percent on the IV solution what does that number mean?
Published	06/14/2024	What is the quick math tip to convert 2% lidocaine to mg/mL?
Published	06/14/2024	What are the main four things about crystalloids? (what do they contain, what is the intravascular half life, what amount of the crystalloid remains i…
Published	06/14/2024	What are the 4 most common crystalloids given in the OR?
Published	06/20/2024	LR (Lactated Ringers) contains:
Published	06/20/2024	NS (normal saline) contains:
Published	06/20/2024	Plasma-Lyte contains:
Published	06/20/2024	D5W (5% dextrose in water) contains?
Published	06/20/2024	What are colloids?
Published	06/14/2024	What is the most common colloid?
Published	06/14/2024	Desbribe 6 major things about colloids? (think intravascular life, price, etc.)
Published	06/14/2024	What is the 4-2-1 rule when calculating fluid maintenance?
Published	06/20/2024	The fluid deficit is the normal maintenance requirements multiplied by what?
Published	06/14/2024	How do we replace the patient's fluid deficit intraoperatively?
Published	06/14/2024	What are insensible losses and how do we account for this loss? why are they called insensible?
Published	06/20/2024	the amount of third spacing depends on _____
Published	06/14/2024	Redistricution is the isotonic transfer of extravascular fluid functional fluid compartments to non functional compartments. Fluid is moving specifica…
Published	06/20/2024	Blood loss should be replaced with types of solutions (also tell their ratio) to maintain _______ volume
Published	06/14/2024	What are the 5 types of intraoperative fluid we need to replace?
Published	06/14/2024	What does urine output tell us? and at what level is urine output normal?
Published	06/14/2024	what are the hemodynamic signs of a pt being hypovolemic?
Published	06/14/2024	What monitor can we look at to see if we have adequate fluid replacement?
Published	06/14/2024	What is the Circulating Blood Volume (EBV) in neonates (premature and full term), infants, and adults (male and female)
Published	06/14/2024	What is the equation for calculating Allowable Blood Loss (ABL)?
Published	06/20/2024	What does Hctfinal mean?
Published	06/20/2024	Hematocrit final depends on what 3 things?
Published	06/14/2024	What are the clinical signs of low Hct? (3 of them)
Published	06/14/2024	what is the first monitor we should put on a patient?
Published	06/14/2024	What does the pulse ox tone and rate tell you?
Published	06/20/2024	FFP (Fresh Frozen Plasma) contains most _______ factors.
Published	06/14/2024	One 5 pk of Platelets can increase a pt's platelets by how much?
Published	06/14/2024	This blood product replacement has concentrated factors which are essentially absent from FFP
Published	06/14/2024	Describe Albumin
Published	06/14/2024	How often should we monitor urine output if our patient has a foley catheter? What is the goal amount?
Published	06/14/2024	What supplies are needed to set up an IV bag? briefly describe each supply (hint: 4 supplies)
Published	06/14/2024	What supplies are needed for an IV Kit? briefly describe each supply (hint:7 supplies)
Published	06/14/2024	What are the steps to placing an IV? (14 steps)
Published	06/14/2024	What 3 things tells you and IV is blown?
Published	06/14/2024	What should you do after an IV is blown?
Published	06/14/2024	Why is a blown IV bad?
Published	06/14/2024	What to look for when choosing the best vein? (4 things)
Published	06/20/2024	What is a transfusion?
Published	06/20/2024	What is Allogeneic Transfusion
Published	06/20/2024	What is Autologous Transfusion?
Published	06/20/2024	ABO system
Published	06/20/2024	Rh system
Published	06/20/2024	Other RBC Antigens?
Published	06/20/2024	How long does it take to type and screen for compatilibilty?
Published	06/20/2024	How long does a type and crossmatch take? what does it mimic? what does it confirm?
Published	06/20/2024	Do red blood cells only have clotting factors?
Published	06/20/2024	1 unit of PRBCs have how many mls?
Published	06/20/2024	What is the HCT (hematocrit) of PRBCs? How much will they increase an adult pt's HCT?
Published	06/20/2024	what is the universal donor?
Published	06/20/2024	What temp should PRBC be stored at ?How long can they be stored for?
Published	06/20/2024	What anticoagulant preservative is added to PRBCs to increase storage time?
Published	06/20/2024	When transfusing PRBCs, we should dowhat 3 things?
Published	06/20/2024	Fresh Frozen Plasma include what
Published	06/20/2024	1 unit of FFP equals how many mls? what is the dosing?
Published	06/20/2024	what is the universal donor for FFP?
Published	06/20/2024	FFP should be stores at what temp? describe the storage situation?
Published	06/20/2024	How do we transfuse FFP? (3 things)
Published	06/20/2024	Platelets (PLT) 1unit equals how many mls? how much with it increase the pt's PLT count by?
Published	06/20/2024	How do we store PLT?
Published	06/20/2024	How do we transfuse PLT? ( 2 things we do, 2 things we can't do)
Published	06/20/2024	What is in Cryoprecipitate? (Cryo)
Published	06/20/2024	One unit of Cryo is how many mls?
Published	06/20/2024	How do we store Cryo?
Published	06/20/2024	Comparison of PRBC, FFP, PLT, CRYO?
Published	06/20/2024	What is required before administering a transfusion? (5 things)
Published	06/20/2024	What are the adverse affects of transfusion? (2 main things)
Published	06/20/2024	What are possible transfusion reactions? (6 things)
Published	06/20/2024	Cost of Blood Product Wastage
Published	06/20/2024	How do we store PRBCs and FFP correctly in the OR?How do we store Platelets and Cryo in the OR?
Published	06/20/2024	what is the average total body water for females and males
Published	06/20/2024	what are the three factors that can affect total body water
Published	06/20/2024	what are the 2 division of total body water and there fraction they make of total body water (TBW)
Published	06/20/2024	1. You would like to give a 275 pound patient 1mg/kg of succinylcholine. Howmany mls of succinylcholine should you give?
Published	06/20/2024	2. The surgeon requests that you give 0.5 g/kg of mannitol over one hour. Youhave a 500 ml bag of 20% mannitol. The patient weighs 70 kg. How manymls …
Published	06/20/2024	3. Your attending anesthesiologist asks you to give 6 cc’s of etomidate, howmuch etomidate are you giving?
Published	06/20/2024	4. Make a solution of 0.25% marcaine with 1:300,000 epinephrine and 5 mg ofmorphine in a total of 30 mls. Stock solutions are 0.5% marcaine, 1:1000epi…
Published	06/20/2024	5. You want to make a solution of 0.5% lidocaine, 1:250,000 epinephrine and10 mcg of fentanyl in 10 ml total volume. Stock solutions are 2% lidocaine1…
Published	06/20/2024	6. You have a propofol infusion running at 125 mcg/kg/min. If the patientweighs 154 pounds and the infusion is on for two hours how much propofolhas b…
Published	06/20/2024	7. If you placed 10 mg of phenylephrine in a 250 ml bag of saline what wouldthe concentration be of the bag in mcg/ml?
Published	06/20/2024	8. You just administered 20 ml of 2% thiopental. How many mg did you give?
Published	06/20/2024	9. Remifentanil comes as a powder. One milligram per vial. If you want asyringe of Remifentanil to be at a concentration of 20 mcg/ml how many mlsof s…
Published	06/20/2024	10. Pharmacy has made a bag of epinephrine that contains 4 mg of epi in 250mls normal saline. You need to give the patient 8 mcg of epinephrine, howma…
Published	06/20/2024	11. An 18 kg infant has gone into cardiac arrest, your thought is to giveepinephrine at 10 mcg/kg. How many mls of epinephrine do you give?(remember t…
Published	06/20/2024	12. An 18 kg infant needs a bolus of epinephrine, you decide to administer2mcg/kg of epinephrine. How would you achieve this? (Note that youcannot del…
Published	06/20/2024	13.Make a solution of 0.125% marcaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 2 mgmorphine. Stock solutions are 0.5% marcaine, 1:1000 epi, saline and 10mg/ml m…
Published	06/20/2024	14.You want to reverse muscle relaxation with robinul and neostigmine. Thepatient weighs 85 kg. Use the lowest reversal dose for each. How many mlsof …
Published	06/20/2024	15.How many milligrams of fentanyl has been given if 6ml were pushed
Published	06/20/2024	16.You need to make a 30 ml solution of 0.2% lidocaine with 1:10,000epinephrine. Your stock solutions are 1% lidocaine and 1:1000 epi andsaline. How m…
Published	06/20/2024	17.You have 2% lidocaine and would like to give the patient 40 mg oflidocaine. How many mls do you give?
Published	06/20/2024	18.An infusion of propofol is running at 50 mcg/kg/min on a 70 kg patient. Thepropofol has 1 mg of remifentanil per 50 mls of propofol mixed together.…
Published	06/20/2024	19.Pharmacy gives you a bag of vancomycin that has one gram in 200 mls.You are asked to give the patient one gram over one hour. How fast shouldyou gi…
Published	06/20/2024	how many kg in a lb
Published	06/20/2024	how many grams in a milligram how many milligrams in a microgram
Published	06/20/2024	what is the conversion for inches to cm
Published	06/20/2024	convert 5 ft 3 inch to cm
Published	06/20/2024	whats the short cut for converting inches to cm knowing 63 inches = 160 cm
Published	06/20/2024	how do you calculate ideal body wieght for females and males
Published	06/21/2024	what is the common value for tidal volume for ideal body weight
Published	06/21/2024	what is the formula for lean body mass
Published	06/21/2024	what are two drugs that use ideal body weight vs total body wieght for calculation
Published	06/21/2024	what is the graph for total body wieght, know the axis
Published	06/21/2024	what the trick when given the % of a medication and need to conver to mg/ml use 2% as an example
Published	06/21/2024	what is the ratio for 1:1000 epinephrine
Published	06/21/2024	how do you calculate dose then get mL use this as exampl 180lb patient want to give low end dose of lidocaine using 2% solution
Published	06/21/2024	how would you dilute 1:1000 epi to 100 mcg/ml
Published	06/21/2024	How many mg neosynephrine do you need to add to the bag in order to make a 40 mcg/ml concentration using 250 mL bags
Published	06/21/2024	what do cryoprepcipate contains
Published	06/21/2024	what is redistribution (3rd spacing)
Published	06/21/2024	what is another name for redistribution
Published	06/21/2024	what are the units for platlets typically
Published	06/21/2024	what is normal osmolarity in humanswhat is the osmolarity is NS (and term)what is the osmolarity is LR ( and term)what is the osmolarity is 5% albumin…
Published	06/21/2024	Thiopental Sodium onset and duration
Published	06/21/2024	Thiopental Sodium Mechanism
Published	06/21/2024	Propofol class, dose, onset, duration
Published	06/21/2024	what typically happens 3 days after surgery and what does this process cause
Published	06/21/2024	Propofol Mechanism
Published	06/21/2024	Propofol Pros
Published	06/21/2024	Propofol Cons
Published	06/21/2024	Etomidate Class
Published	06/21/2024	Etomidate dose
Published	06/21/2024	Etomidate onset
Published	06/21/2024	Etomidate duration
Published	06/21/2024	etomidate mechanism
Published	06/21/2024	what is the issues with dextran ( colloid sugar)
Published	06/21/2024	Etomidate pros
Published	06/21/2024	what is the short cut for fluid maintaince
Published	06/21/2024	Etomidate
Published	06/21/2024	Ketamine class
Published	06/21/2024	Ketamine dose
Published	06/21/2024	Ketamine onset
Published	06/21/2024	Ketamine Duration
Published	06/21/2024	what is the purpose of fluid deficit
Published	06/21/2024	Ketamine Mechanism
Published	06/21/2024	Ketamine Good
Published	06/21/2024	Ketamine Bad
Published	06/21/2024	Midazolam class
Published	06/21/2024	Midazolam sedation dose
Published	06/21/2024	Midazolam Onset
Published	06/21/2024	Midazolam duration
Published	06/21/2024	what is the additional fluid requriment for the 3 types of 3rd spacing
Published	06/21/2024	Midazolam Mechanism
Published	06/21/2024	Midazolam Good
Published	06/21/2024	Midazolam bad
Published	06/21/2024	what should you look at to dictate the amount of blood loss for a surgery
Published	06/21/2024	How do muscles contract?
Published	06/21/2024	How do muscles relax
Published	06/21/2024	what is the full fluid loss chart for an 80 kg patient that is 10 Hr NPO ( moderate exposure for surgery
Published	06/21/2024	Succinylcholine Class
Published	06/21/2024	How does Succinylcholine work?
Published	06/21/2024	How do you reverse Succinylcholine?
Published	06/21/2024	What are the Non-Depolarizing Muscle Relaxants?
Published	06/21/2024	How do NDMRs work?
Published	06/21/2024	if fluids are not replaced properly, why does it make sense hemodynamic signs occur according to CO equation
Published	06/21/2024	what is the healthy vs unhealthy allowable loss of HcT
Published	06/21/2024	How do you reverse NDMRs?
Published	06/21/2024	Succinylcholine dose
Published	06/21/2024	Succinylcholine onset
Published	06/21/2024	Succinylcholine Duration
Published	06/21/2024	Succinylcholine Mechanism
Published	06/21/2024	Succinylcholine good
Published	06/21/2024	Succinylcholine bad?
Published	06/21/2024	Succinylcholine ugly?
Published	06/21/2024	Rocuronium dose
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