Notes in 5- AP & A/N Pharma

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	02/10/2024	ANS vs SNS - Efferent pathway.What's the difference?
Published	02/10/2024	ANS vs SNS - Target connection.What's the difference?
Published	02/10/2024	The sympathetic and parasympathetic differ in {{c1::outflow from CNS}} and {{c1::location of ganglia}}------------------------------The parasympa…
Published	02/10/2024	Autonomic neurotransmitters:{{c1::Acetylcholine}} acts on cholinergic receptorse.g. Nicotinic receptors (ionotropic) & Muscarinic receptors (metab…
Published	02/10/2024	All preganglionic fibers release {{c1::acetylcholine}}, which acts on nicotinic cholinergic receptors.
Published	02/10/2024	Parasympathetic postganglionic fibers release {{c1::acetylcholine}}, which acts on cholinergic muscarinic receptors on the target.Sympathetic postgang…
Published	02/10/2024	There are two exceptions to the rule in sympathetic postganglionic fibers:1- {{c1::Sympathetic cholinergic}} fibers that innervate sweat glands2-…
Published	02/10/2024	Complete this table:
Published	02/10/2024	Overview of sympathetic and parasympathetic system functions:Mention what you remember!                  …
Published	02/10/2024	The function of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems depends on:What {{c1::neurotransmitter}} is released & What {{c1::receptor type}}…
Published	02/10/2024	Parasympathic & Sympathetic - The eye as an exampleSympathetic system - Noradrenaline activates {{c1::a1 receptors}} on radial muscle of the iris …
Published	02/10/2024	Explain the sympathetic and parasympathetic effect on the eye
Published	02/10/2024	Parasympathic & Sympathetic - The heart as an exampleSympathetic system - Noradrenaline activates {{c1::b1 receptors}} on the pacemaker cells &nbs…
Published	02/10/2024	Explain the sympathetic and parasympathetic effect on the heart
Published	02/10/2024	Parasympathic & Sympathetic - The lungs as an exampleSympathetic system - Noradrenaline activates {{c1::b2 receptors}} on smooth muscle of ai…
Published	02/10/2024	Explain the sympathetic and parasympathetic effect on the lungs
Published	02/10/2024	Why do patients with asthma and heart problems take salbutamol?Why do patients with hypertension and lung problems take atenolol?
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Salbutamol}} is a selective b2 agonist → dilates airways, but does not affect the heart.{{c1::Atenolol}} is a selective b1 antago…
Published	02/10/2024	Parasympathetic & Sympathetic - The blood vessels as an exampleSympathetic system - Noradrenaline activates {{c1::a1 receptors}} on smooth mu…
Published	02/10/2024	Explain the redirection of blood during exerciseExplain the sympathetic and parasympathetic effect on the blood vessels
Published	02/10/2024	Parasympathic & Sympathetic - The salivary glands as an exampleSympathetic system - Noradrenaline activates {{c1::b receptors}}     Stim…
Published	02/10/2024	Explain the sympathetic and parasympathetic effect on the salivary glands
Published	02/10/2024	Parasympathic & Sympathetic - The bladder as an exampleSympathetic system- Noradrenaline activates {{c1::a1 receptors}} on smooth muscle…
Published	02/10/2024	Explain the sympathetic and parasympathetic effect on the bladder & sphincter
Published	02/10/2024	Parasympathic & Sympathetic - The reproductive tract as an exampleSympathetic system - Noradrenaline activates {{c1::a1 receptors}} on smooth…
Published	02/10/2024	Explain the sympathetic and parasympathetic effect on the reproductive tract
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Baroreceptor reflex}} is a type of autonomic reflex that detects blood pressure, sends info to integrating centre in brain, then that centre coo…
Published	02/10/2024	What controls the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems?
Published	02/10/2024	Acetylcholine acts on cholinergic receptors:1- {{c1::Nicotinic}} cholinergic receptors - ionotropic (integral ion channel)2- {{c1::Muscarinic}} c…
Published	02/10/2024	Steps of synaptic transmission:1. Synthesis and packaging of neurotransmitter (usually) in presynaptic terminals 2. Na+ action potential invades termi…
Published	02/10/2024	Describe the steps of synaptic transmission:
Published	02/10/2024	Targeting NMJ transmission:Ways to inhibit AP transmission: (no need to know drug names)1- {{c1::Inhibit choline transporter}}e.g. hemicholinium2- {{c…
Published	02/10/2024	Mention some ways that inhibit AP transmission in NMJs
Published	02/10/2024	How does an anticholinesterase work?e.g. eserine
Published	02/10/2024	Clinical applications of pharmalogical modulation (inhibition/potentiation) of the NMJ:1- Usage of {{c1::non-depolarising}} or {{c1::depolarising…
Published	02/10/2024	Autonomic nervous system pathway & transmitter & receptor overview
Published	02/10/2024	Autonomic ganglia and NMJ use the same transmitter - {{c1::acetylcholine}} - and use the same receptors - {{c1::nicotinic receptors}}.That's why it is…
Published	02/10/2024	What's the evidence that not all nicotinic receptors are the same?
Published	02/10/2024	Targeting postsynaptic parasympathetic transmission:Muscarinic receptor {{c1::agonists}} - e.g. carbachol, pilocarpine • mimic the effect of the …
Published	02/10/2024	What is Glaucoma and how are muscarinic agonists used to relieve it?
Published	02/10/2024	Targeting postganglionic sympathetic transmission:Ways to inhibit AP transmission: (no need to know drug names)1- {{c1::Blocking the enzymes that prod…
Published	02/10/2024	How does the mechanism of removing neurotransmitters differ in NMJ than in postganglionic cleft?
Published	02/10/2024	Targeting postganglionic sympathetic transmission:Ways to potentiate AP transmission: (no need to know drug names)1- {{c1::Stimulate NA release}}e.g. …
Published	02/10/2024	Mention some ways to inhibit sympathetic postganglionic AP transmission
Published	02/10/2024	Mention some ways to potentiate sympathetic postganglionic AP transmission
Published	02/10/2024	Clinical applications of alpha and beta agonists:• {{c1::α1 agonists}} (contraction of muscle) can be used as decongestants and dilate the p…
Published	02/10/2024	Mention some clinical applications of alpha and beta agonists:
Status	Last Update	Fields